Acceptance Questionnaire Research Articles

Spanish version of the hearing loss acceptance and action questionnaires.

Spanish version of the hearing loss acceptance and action questionnaires.

Development of the Food Acceptance Questionnaire for Thai Partial and Complete Edentulism.

This study aimed to develop the Food Acceptance Questionnaire (FAQ) to assess the masticatory ability of Thai older adults (≥60 years). Fifty participants were interviewed using open-ended questions about food they regularly consumed and avoided due to difficulty chewing. From a list of 140 items, 100 were recruited for a trial version of the FAQ. A total of 154 participants responded to the 5-point Likert scale on their chewing perception of each food item (1, impossible to chew; 5, most easily eaten). The average response of each food item was used as the chewing index (CI). The 100 food items were ranked and divided into five grades based on their CIs. Masticatory performance (MP) was objectively assessed by a visual scoring method using gummy jelly (UHA Mikakuto). Two foods from each grade that demonstrated the highest correlation with MP were selected to form the final 10-item FAQ. The FAQ score was calculated by summarizing the responses of 10 items. MP correlated strongly with the FAQ score (r = 0.57, p < 0.001), indicating its predictive validity. Furthermore, the FAQ indicates strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.90), indicating high reliability. In conclusion, this newly developed 10-item FAQ is valid and reliable for assessing the masticatory ability of Thai older adults.

Implementing a shared decision-making intervention to support treatment decisions for patients following an anterior cruciate ligament rupture — a protocol for the POP-ACLR feasibility study

BackgroundTreatment for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture may follow a surgical or nonsurgical pathway. At present, there is uncertainty around treatment choice. Two shared decision-making tools have been codesigned to support patients to make a decision about treatment following an ACL rupture. The shared decision-making tools include a patient information leaflet and an option grid. We report the protocol for a mixed-methods feasibility study, with nested qualitative interviews, to understand feasibility, acceptability, indicators of effectiveness and implementation factors of these shared decision-making tools (combined to form one shared decision-making intervention).MethodsA single-centre non-randomised feasibility study will be conducted with 20 patients. Patients diagnosed with an ACL rupture following magnetic resonance imaging will be identified from an orthopaedic clinic. The shared decision-making intervention will be delivered during a clinical consultation with a physiotherapist. The primary feasibility outcomes include the following: recruitment rate, fidelity, acceptability and follow-up questionnaire completion. The secondary outcome is the satisfaction with decision scale. The nested qualitative interview will explore experience of using the shared decision-making intervention to understand acceptability, implementation factors and areas for further refinement.DiscussionThis study will determine the feasibility of using a newly developed shared decision-making intervention designed to support patients to make a decision about treatment of their ACL rupture. The acceptability and indicators of effectiveness will also be explored. In the long term, the shared decision-making intervention may improve service and patient outcomes and ensure cost-effectiveness for the NHS; ensuring those most likely to benefit from surgical treatment proceed along this pathway.Trial registrationPending registration on ISRCTN.

Identification of Musculoskeletal Health Status, Pain Acceptance, and Coping Strategies in Individuals with Chronic Pain and Physical Disabilities: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the musculoskeletal health status, pain acceptance, and coping strategies of individuals with chronic pain and physical disabilities and compare them with control group. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study included a total of 88 participants, divided into two groups: the study group (individuals with chronic pain and physical disabilities; n=44) and the control group (individuals with chronic pain but without disabilities; n=44). Participants' musculoskeletal health was assessed using the Musculoskeletal Health Questionnaire (MHQ), pain acceptance using the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ), and coping strategies were evaluated using the COPE inventory. Results: Significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of MHQ scores and COPE scores (p0.05). Discussion: This results emphasizes the need for a careful assessment of coping strategies in individuals with chronic pain and physical disabilities in interdisciplinary chronic pain management programs, as well as the inclusion of personalized coping strategies in the intervention program.

Systematicity of receiving mental health care predicts better subjective well-being of Ukrainians during the second year of the Russian invasion

PurposeThis study aims to develop and test a multivariable psychosocial prediction model of subjective well-being in Ukrainian adults (n = 1,248) 1.5 years after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.Design/methodology/approachThe research design followed the “Transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis” checklist. The online survey combined a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics and specifics of living in wartime, as well as validated self-reported inventories: The Modified BBC Subjective Well-being Scale, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire – Version 2 and Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale-10.FindingsThe initially developed model was tested through regression analysis, which revealed nine variables as predictors of the subjective well-being scores within the sample, explaining 49.3% of its variance. Among them, the strongest were living with a friend and receiving mental health care systematically. They were almost twice as influential as forced displacement abroad and trauma exposure, which predicted lower well-being, and living with a spouse, which forecasted higher well-being scores. Two resilience subscales – adjustment and restoring and resistance – as predictors of better well-being and perceived unsuccess in life and age as predictors of lower well-being were relatively weaker but statistically significant.Originality/valueThe obtained results support the previous evidence on the essential role of accessible mental health services and social support in times of war, as well as the deteriorative effect of trauma exposure and forcible taking refuge on subjective well-being.

Acceptability of self-collected vaginal samples for human papillomavirus testing for primary cervical cancer screening: comparison of face-to-face and online recruitment modes

BackgroundThis study aimed to assess the acceptability and attitudes of women towards human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling and compare the effectiveness of two delivery modes utilising face-to-face and online website for cervical cancer screening in Hong Kong.MethodsWomen aged 30–65 years were invited to participate by distributing the study information pamphlets at the specialist clinics of a regional acute hospital. Those who were interested in participating were given the option to join directly face-to-face or through an online website. All participants provided informed consent and received self-sampling kits and acceptability questionnaires either immediately (face-to-face) or through the post after registering at the website (online). All participants were requested to collect their own vaginal samples using a swab which was then brushed on a DNA sample storage card and returned to the hospital either in person or by post. The self-collected samples were tested for high-risk HPV using the Sentis™ HPV assay, a validated isothermal nucleic acid amplification real-time fluorescent detection assay. The primary outcome was the uptake rate of HPV self-sampling.ResultsOf the 1998 women recruited (1200 face-to-face, 798 online), 1377 returned their samples, giving an overall uptake rate of 68.9%. The uptake rate was significantly greater in the face-to-face mode than in the online mode (74.6% vs. 60.4%, p < 0.001). The median age of the participants was 49 years, 43.7% were never or under-screened, and 7.1% had high-risk HPV detected. Overall, 82.1% of the participants reported self-sampling convenient, and 79.3% were not embarrassed when collecting self-samples. However, only 49.8% were confident that they had collected the self-samples correctly. Most (91.1%) of the participants expressed willingness to perform self-sampling again, mostly because it was simple (79.2%) and quick (56.3%).ConclusionsHPV self-sampling can serve as an alternative primary screening method for cervical cancer in Hong Kong, especially for individuals who have not been adequately screened in the past. Both face-to-face and online website recruitment were associated with high acceptability, emphasising the potential benefits of utilising different platforms and strategies for reaching diverse populations.

Clinical Depression and Anxiety Are Relieved by Microvascular Decompression in Patients with Trigeminal Neuralgia-A Prospective Patient-Reported Outcome Study.

Objective: Patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (TN) live in constant fear of triggering shock-like pain episodes, which may cause symptoms of depression and a reduction in quality of life. Microvascular decompressive surgery has been demonstrated to achieve satisfactory and stable results. With this study, we wanted to investigate prevalence and risk factors for depression and perceived stress in correlation with symptom relief after surgical treatment. Methods: In this prospective study, patients undergoing microvascular decompression (MVD) for TN were included. The Barrow Neurological Institute Pain Score (BNI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ), Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) and McGill questionnaire were used to evaluate depression, stress and anxiety disorders before and 3 months after MVD. Results: A total of 35 patients (16 male (46%)) with a mean age of 55.4 (SD 15) years were included in this study. The BDI revealed that 24 (68.8%) patients harbored mild-to-extreme depression preoperatively (2.4 ± 1.4), which improved to 1.2 (±0.6, p < 0.0001). Pain acceptance also changed from 64 (±11.3) to 67.7 (±9.3, p = 0.006). Perceived stress decreased from 46.9 (±21.9) to 19.6 (±18.6) (p < 0.0001) postoperatively, and pain decreased from 31.0 (±11.7) to 9.4 (±12.9, p < 0.0001). Microvascular decompression reduced the mean BNI pain score significantly from 4.6 to 1.8 postoperatively (p < 0.00001). Conclusions: Depression and perceived stress are prevalent in patients with idiopathic TN. Adequate treatment not only provides a high rate of satisfaction through pain relief, but also leads to immediate and significant improvements in depression and stress. Thus, in patients with TN who do not reach an adequate and timely pain reduction through medical management and develop signs of depression, early treatment with microvascular decompression should be considered.

A pilot study of the effect of group-administered psilocybin on psychological flexibility and outcomes

AbstractPsychological flexibility has been proposed as a core process of change when psychedelics are used for therapeutic purposes, but to date empirical outcomes have only documented changes on the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II), a very general measure of psychological flexibility. This pilot study measured outcomes from psilocybin administered in a retreat setting across a range of measures assessing aspects of psychological flexibility. Nine participants attended a 7-day psilocybin retreat and completed measures at baseline, 2-, and 6-month follow up. Participants demonstrated significant improvements in cognitive defusion (Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire), valued living (Valuing Questionnaire), and Self-Compassion (Self-Compassion Scale), as well as a trend towards increased overall psychological flexibility (AAQ). Other outcome and process measures included measures related to acute effects of the psilocybin, belief in oneness, social safeness, mental health, burnout and emotion expressivity. These results offer preliminary evidence that therapeutic benefits obtained from psilocybin experiences may be linked to changes in psychological flexibility.

A psychometric evaluation of the parental acceptance and action questionnaire (PAAQ) in parents of children with and without disabilities

Parental psychological inflexibility, particularly characterized by experiential avoidance, represents a significant risk factor for chronic stress and psychological distress. The Parental Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (PAAQ) is a context-specific instrument for the measurement of parental psychological inflexibility. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the original composite version of the 19-item PAAQ across the three distinct Swedish samples; a community sample (n = 1018), a clinical sample of treatment-seeking parents of children with disabilities (n = 667), and a test-retest sample (n = 337). The Principal Axis Factoring of the PAAQ in the community sample yielded a 16-item, three-factor solution: 1) action-taking and flexibility in the parenting context, 2) experiential acceptance of internal experiences related to parenting, and 3) experiential acceptance of child's internal experiences. This factor model was supported by the confirmatory factor analysis in the test-retest sample. The associations observed with related constructs (r = between 0.49 and 0.61, p < 0.0001) indicated good discriminant validity. The Receiver Operator Characteristic analysis demonstrated that the PAAQ can effectively classify between the clinical and community sample, achieving 79% sensitivity and 68% specificity. The showed good test-retest reliability (r = 0.82). As anticipated, the parents in the clinical sample showed greater psychological inflexibility compared to parents in the community sample. To conclude, the 16-item Swedish version of the PAAQ demonstrates adequate to good psychometric qualities.

Evaluation of an mHealth App on Self-Management of Osteoporosis: Prospective Survey Study.

Mobile health (mHealth) technologies can be used for disease-specific self-management, and these technologies are experiencing rapid growth in the health care industry. They use mobile devices, specifically smartphone apps, to enhance and support medical and public health practices. In chronic disease management, the use of apps in the realm of mHealth holds the potential to improve health outcomes. This is also true for mHealth apps on osteoporosis, but the usage and patients' experiences with these apps are underexplored. This prospective survey study aimed to investigate the eHealth literacy of Danish patients with osteoporosis, as well as the usability and acceptability of the app "My Bones." Data on patient characteristics, disease knowledge, eHealth literacy, usability, and acceptability were collected using self-administered questionnaires at baseline, 2 months, and 6 months. The following validated questionnaires were used: eHealth Literacy Questionnaire, System Usability Scale, and Service User Technology Acceptability Questionnaire. Mean scores for eHealth literacy ranged from 2.6 to 3.1, with SD ranging from 0.5 to 0.6 across the 7 domains. The mean (SD) System Usability Scale score was 74.7 (14.4), and the mean (SD) scores for domains 1, 2, and 6 of the Service User Technology Acceptability Questionnaire were 3.4 (1.2), 4.5 (1.1), 4.1 (1.2), respectively. Danish patients with osteoporosis are both motivated and capable of using digital health services. The app's usability was acceptable, and it has the potential to reduce visits to general practitioner clinics, enhance health outcomes, and serve as a valuable addition to regular health or social care services.

An Examination of the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire CPAQ-R and CPAQ-8 in a Sample of Patients with Chronic Pain in the Southeastern US

An Examination of the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire CPAQ-R and CPAQ-8 in a Sample of Patients with Chronic Pain in the Southeastern US

Socio-Psychological and Economic Problems Faced by Hospitalized Patients and their Effects on their Quality of Life

Patients face many Social, economic and Psychological problems faced in hospitals. The primary caregivers of people with various mental illnesses, such as early psychosis, chronic schizophrenia, depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and others, were the focus of this study, which sought to examine their psychological, economic, social and quality of life. Patients face social problems in hospitals. They face many difficulties while living in the hospital. The present study is designed to examine hospitalized patients' social, psychological and economic issues and their effects on their quality of life in the Muzaffargarh District. Government hospital patients are participating in the study as respondents. Data collection made use of the multistage sampling technique. First, the Hospital Muzaffargarh is deliberately chosen. The sampling data was collected from 375 respondents. The second stage used the hospital record to create a list of attendants. In the third stage, three hundred seventy-five data are randomly selected from the list. In light of the research objectives, an interviewing schedule was created for the data collection. The ten respondents as a pretest population evaluated the questionnaire's acceptability. Using Social science statistical software, data was examined using descriptive regression methods (SPSS).

The Effectiveness of a Cell Phone eHealth App in Changing Knowledge, Stigmatizing Attitudes, and Intention to Seek Help Associated With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Pilot Questionnaire Study.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disabling disorder associated with high interference in people's lives. However, patients with OCD either do not seek help or delay seeking help. Research suggests that this could be explained by poor mental health literacy about the disorder and the associated stigma. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of a mental health mobile app, esTOCma, developed to improve knowledge about OCD and its treatment, increase help-seeking intention, and reduce stigmatizing attitudes and social distance associated with OCD. We used preintervention, postintervention, and 3-month follow-up assessments in this single-arm pilot intervention. Overall, 90 participants were recruited from the community using the snowball sampling method. We used esTOCma to defeat the "stigma monster" over the course of 10 missions. The participants completed the sociodemographic information and Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised at preassessment and an acceptability questionnaire at postassessment. All other measures were completed at the preassessment, postassessment, and 3-month follow-up (ie, the Spanish Mental Illness Stigma Attribution Questionnaire-27, the General Help-Seeking Questionnaire, the Social Distance Scale, and the Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire). Of the 90 participants from the community that were assessed for eligibility, 86% (n=78) were allocated to intervention. Of these 78 participants, 79% (n=62) completed the game and answered the postintervention assessment (completer group). Overall, 69% (43/62) of the participants also completed the 3-month follow-up assessment. The participants completing the study were older (P=.003) and had a higher baseline knowledge of OCD (P=.05). The participants took an average of 13.64 (SD 10.50) days to complete the intervention, including the pre- and postassessments. The participants spent an average of 4.56 (SD 3.33) days completing the 10 missions included in the app. Each mission took a mean of between 2 (SD 3.01) and 9.35 (SD 3.06) minutes. The app was rated as useful or very useful by the vast majority of participants 90% (56/62). Moreover, 90% (56/62) of the participants reported that they had learned or learned a lot, and 98% (61/62) of the participants reported that they would recommend the app to a friend. Repeated measures ANOVA (43/62, 69%) showed that after the intervention participants showed an increased knowledge of mental health and intention to seek help as well as fewer stigmatizing attitudes and less social distance. Preliminary data show that esTOCma is a feasible and acceptable app, and after completing its 10 missions, there is an increase in the understanding of OCD and help-seeking intention along with a decrease in the social stigma and social distance associated with OCD that lasts for at least 3 months. The results support the potential of technology-based interventions to increase the intention to seek help and reduce the stigma associated with OCD. A larger, community-controlled study is also recommended.

Standardization of the Korean Version of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire for Obsessions and Compulsions in University Students and Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire for Obsessions and Compulsions (AAQ-OC) is a version of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ) that specifically measures unwanted intrusive thoughts and responses (e.g., experiential avoidance) to them. This study aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the AAQ-OC in clinical and nonclinical Korean samples. In this study, 561 university students and 121 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) completed the AAQ-OC and several other psychological scales. Descriptive, correlation, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses as well as group comparisons were conducted. The results of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated a two-factor structure that best fits the data in the university sample: Factors 1 and 2 matched the original Valued Action and Willingness subscales, respectively. The reliability analyses revealed that the AAQ-OC and its factors had excellent internal consistencies. As regards the concurrent validity, the AAQ-OC and its factors had a positive correlation with the AAQ-II and Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire. Compared with the university students, the OCD patients had higher AAQ-OC scores, and their obsessive-compulsive symptoms, particularly the two symptom dimensions of responsibility for harm and mistakes and unacceptable thoughts, were significantly associated with the AAQ-OC and two subscales. The findings of this study confirm the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the AAQ-OC.

The Effect of Handover Training on Nurses' Communication Skills at Pembinaan Kesejahteraan Umat Muhammadiyah Surakarta

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Patient admissions help nurses identify service areas to improve patient safety Patient admissions help nurses identify service areas to improve patient safety. Effective communication between nurses and patients is very important in providing quality services. Inaccurate information can have a serious impact on patients, incidents are caused by poor communication, less than optimal communication. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of consideration training on nurses' communication skills in the inpatient room at the Surakarta Muhammadiyah Ummah Welfare Development Hospital. This research uses a preexperimental research method with one group pretest-posttest. The research sample was nurses who worked in inpatient rooms. Sampling was taken through purposive sampling, with the inclusion criteria of nurses with 1 year of work experience. The instruments used were a consideration and acceptance questionnaire adopted from Payne as well as a consideration and acceptance implementation checklist quoted from Parke &amp;amp; Mishkin. Data analysis used the Paired Sample-T test with a significance level of 5%, CI-95% confidence interval. The analysis results indicate that there is no significant difference in communication skills before and after the training (p=0.083). Handover training activities have no effect on nurses' communication skills, and they do not significantly improve the quality of nurses' communication abilities in the inpatient ward. Several things that can be recommended include a commitment to carry out considerations in the form of policies, direction and evaluation of the implementation of considerations, for the sake of continuity of nursing care which has an impact on increasing nurses' communication skills in implementing patient safety as well as adding samples to ensure sample representation in further research and optimize patient admission training by providing strict sanctions for nurses who do not carry out patient admission procedures&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Keywords: Communication, Handover, Nursing, Skills, Training&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

The impact of an augmented reality application on EFL learners’ oral proficiency

ABSTRACT Purpose This study investigated the effects of an AR application (Civilisations AR) on EFL learners' oral proficiency in the dimensions of content, fluency, vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar, as well as their attitudes and perceptions toward AR technology. Design Utilizing a quasi-experiment, twenty-four EFL learners engaged in a role-playing activity as museum guides for six artifacts over a semester: twelve with the AR application and twelve without. Data collection included oral presentations recorded at six different times of the semester, the AR technology acceptance questionnaire, participants' reflection papers, and individual interviews at the end of the semester. Findings Participants' oral proficiency has been improved in terms of content, vocabulary, and pronunciation when using the AR application compared to when not using it. They felt that the AR-assisted method encouraged active learning and stimulated their learning interest, and they were willing to incorporate the AR tool into their future education. Originality and Value This study indicates that AR has the potential to enhance speaking skills in second language acquisition though it still needs improvement to meet more needs.

Validation of the Spanish version of the body image acceptance and action questionnaire (BI-AAQ-Spanish): Measurement invariance across cultures

The purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of a Spanish version of the Body Image Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (BI-AAQ) and its recently developed 5-item version, the BI-AAQ-5. The BI-AAQ measures psychological flexibility/inflexibility regarding body image. A sample of Spanish adults (n = 938) completed the BI-AAQ and a battery of measures (including body mass index, psychological flexibility, exposure to and internalization of sociocultural body image expectations, body dissatisfaction, and eating disorder symptoms). Measurement invariance was tested against a U.S. American adult sample (n = 866) that completed the English version of the BI-AAQ. The unidimensional factor structure of the BI-AAQ and BI-AAQ-5 was replicated in both samples using confirmatory factor analysis, with model fit indexes ranging from adequate (e.g., CFI = 0.95) to excellent (e.g., CFI = 0.99). Internal consistency was good for both instruments across samples (α = 0.90 to 0.97). Measurement invariance analyses confirmed full configural and metric invariance and scalar partial invariance. The Spanish BI-AAQ and BI-AAQ-5 showed clear evidence of convergent and incremental construct validity. Both instruments’ scores correlated substantively with theoretically related variables. In addition, the results of a conditional process analysis showed that body-image psychological flexibility measured with either instrument moderated the mediated effect of pressure to conform to cultural ideals of body image on disordered eating through internalization of body image ideals and body dissatisfaction. We concluded both instruments are likely suitable for conducting cross-cultural research with Spanish and English-speaking samples.

Acceptance of chronic pain in veterans with PTSD based on post-traumatic growth and pain catastrophizing: The mediating role of mindfulness

ObjectiveAcceptance of chronic pain is one factor affecting veterans' quality of life. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the mediating role of mindfulness in the relationship between chronic pain acceptance of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder, post-traumatic growth, and pain catastrophizing. MethodsIn this descriptive research, 250 veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, who were admitted and treated at the Isar Psychiatric Hospital in Ardabil, Iran in 2022, were selected and investigated as a targeted sample. To collect data, the chronic pain acceptance questionnaire (McCracken et al., 2004), the post-traumatic growth questionnaire (Tedeschi and Kallon, 1996), the pain catastrophizing questionnaire (Sullivan et al., 1995), and the mindfulness questionnaire (Brown and Ryan, 2003) were taken advantage of. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. ResultsThe results confirmed the causal relationship between post-traumatic growth, pain catastrophizing, mindfulness, and acceptance of chronic pain in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder based on various fit indices. Posttraumatic growth, pain catastrophizing, and mindfulness had a direct effect on the acceptance of chronic pain in veterans with PTSD. Also, post-traumatic growth and pain catastrophizing through mindfulness indirectly affected the acceptance of chronic pain in veterans with traumatic stress disorder (P < 0.05). ConclusionIt is suggested to hold educational workshops to reduce the catastrophizing effect of pain and increase post-injury growth, and mindfulness and inform veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder about the effects of accepting chronic pain on their quality of life.

Universal screening for early detection of chronic autoimmune, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases in the general population using capillary blood (UNISCREEN): low-risk interventional, single-centre, pilot study protocol

IntroductionChronic autoimmune (type 1 diabetes and coeliac disease) and metabolic/cardiovascular (type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hypertension) diseases are highly prevalent across all age ranges representing a major public health burden. Universal...

Socio-Psychological and Economic Problems Faced by Hospitalized Patients and their Effects on their Quality of Life

Patients face many Social, economic and Psychological problems faced in hospitals. The primary caregivers of people with various mental illnesses, such as early psychosis, chronic schizophrenia, depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and others, were the focus of this study, which sought to examine their psychological, economic, social and quality of life. Patients face social problems in hospitals. They face many difficulties while living in the hospital. The present study is designed to examine hospitalized patients' social, psychological and economic issues and their effects on their quality of life in the Muzaffargarh District. Government hospital patients are participating in the study as respondents. Data collection made use of the multistage sampling technique. First, the Hospital Muzaffargarh is deliberately chosen. The sampling data was collected from 375 respondents. The second stage used the hospital record to create a list of attendants. In the third stage, three hundred seventy-five data are randomly selected from the list. In light of the research objectives, an interviewing schedule was created for the data collection. The ten respondents as a pretest population evaluated the questionnaire's acceptability. Using Social science statistical software, data was examined using descriptive regression methods (SPSS).