Accepted Research Methods Research Articles

Influence of vitamin-mineral supplement on protein metabolism in rabbits’ organisms

The purpose of the study is to study the influence of different vitamin-mineral supplement “Tekro” doses on biochemical parameters in blood plasma and liver of rabbits of New Zealand breed. The research methodology is based on research according to generally accepted research methods. Biochemical parameters were studied in rabbits’ organisms at 45, 60, 75 and 90 days of rearing with feeding of different doses of vitamin-mineral supplement “Tekro”, namely 3 %, 3.5 %, 4 %. The academic novelty is that nowadays the problem of the effect of different vitamin-mineral supplement “Tekro” doses on biochemical parameters in the blood and liver of rabbits has not been studied. Analyzing the indicators of the total protein content in the blood plasma of rabbits of the experimental groups and the control one for 90 days, it was noted that there was no significant difference in the indicators. In the liver of rabbits of the age from 45 to 90 days there was a tendency to increase the protein content due to the effects on the body of various doses of vitamin and mineral supplement “Tekro”. It has been established the positive effect of vitamin-mineral supplement “Tekro” on ALT activity of rabbits in experimental groups. At the age of 75 days, significantly higher ALT activity was recorded in rabbits of the 3rd experimental group by 35.8 % compared to animals in the control group.

Criteria for attracting plants for introduction to the steppe zone of Khakassia

Based on the research carried out in 1995-2019, the main approaches to the selection of criteria for attracting introduced species in the dry conditions of Khakassia are substantiated. The objects of research are 14 species of medicinal plants of the family Lamiaceae Lindl. different areas of origin. During the introduction, we used the method of comparing climates and generally accepted research methods. The most promising sources of source material are species that have Euro-Asian, Siberian-Central Asian, and North American ranges; by belt-zonal type - forest-steppe, mountain-steppe boreal; by ecological type - species from the group of mesoxerophytes, xeropetrophytes that have wide ecological amplitude, the requirements of which correspond to the conditions of the sharply continental climate of Khakassia.

ЭЛЕМЕНТЫ АГРОТЕХНИКИ ЗВЕРОБОЯ ПРОДЫРЯВЛЕННОГО (HYPERICUM PERFORATUM) В УСЛОВИЯХ СВЕТОКУЛЬТУРЫ

This paper discusses the productivity evaluation results (shoot length, shoot number, leaf size, and yields) of hy-droponically grown perforate St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.). Hydroponic technique enables year-round growing of this medicinal plant preserving natural plant population in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District -Yugra; perforate St. John’s wortis listed in the District’s Red Book as the species that should be closely monitored in its natural habitat. A vertical ebb-and-flow hydroponic unit was used for growing. The research target was the Optimist variety of perforate St. John’s wort. Generally ac-cepted research methods were applied. Phytopathological evaluation of the perforate St. John’s wort plantation re-vealed low level of infestation with fusarium disease (less than 5%). The experiment showed that the plants reached the best values of all growth indices when grown under white lights of luminous flux of 8000 lm, color temperature of 4000 K, and РРF of 165 μmol s m2. Moreover, lighting with white LEDs stimulates transition of growing plants to flowering stage on the 97th day after planting and increas-es yield to 3.12 kg m2. The variety Optimist variety of perfo-rate St. John’s wort in hydroponic environment forms creeping, aggressively branching shoots that should be considered during growing.

Сontrol of potato diseases and pests using modern insecto-fungicidal products

Goal. To study the effect of insect-fungicidal dressing agents on the development of diseases and damage by pests to potato tops and tubers during the growing season and during harvesting. Determine the effectiveness of drugs.
 Methods. Investigated combined dressing agents containing preparations of insecticidal and fungicidal action. The setting of experience, observation, accounting of harmful objects and determination of the effectiveness of the drugs were carried out using generally accepted research methods. Tuber analysis was carried out by determining each fraction in relation to the total mass of potatoes in the selected samples. The yield was determined by the gravimetric method.
 Results. The use of insect-fungicidal dressing agents for the pre-planting treatment of potato tubers has shown their high efficiency. The effectiveness of the disinfectants against the Colorado potato beetle was 100% the entire period from the emergence of adults to the mass development of larvae. Against dry spot, which dominated in potato plantings, the treatment efficiency was at the initial period at the level of 43.6—53.2%, for the entire observation period — at the level of 26—36%, depending on the preparation. The drugs Emesto Quantum, 273.5 FS, TH and Celest Top 312.5 FS were characterized by a high level of protective action, because with. The use of insect-fungicidal dressing agents increased the yield of healthy standard products by an average of 30% due to a decrease in tubers affected by diseases and damaged by pests. The potato yield in the experimental variants was 2.4—2.8 times higher than in the control (without treatment).The highest yield was obtained in variants with the use of the preparation Celest Top 312.5 FS, because with. and a mixture of insecticidal and fungicidal disinfectants Cruiser 350 FS, because with. + Maxim 025 FS, because with.
 Conclusions. The use of combined insecticidal and fungicidal disinfectants for the treatment of potato tubers had high technical, economic and economic efficiency. Treatment of tubers 100% controlled the development of the Colorado potato beetle during its mass development and significantly limited the development of Alternaria during the growing season. Due to the limitation of the development of pests and diseases on the tops and tubers, the yield of potatoes in the variants with dressing of tubers was 2.4—2.8 times higher than in the control (without treatment).

Ecological and genetic assessment of the consequences of radiation influence on contaminated areas

Объектами исследования являются районы Западно-Казахстанской области Республики Казах- стан, прилегающие к полигону Капустин Яр: Бокейординский, Жангалинский, Жанибекский, Казталовский, Акжаикский и Сырымский. Цель работы – радиоэкологическое обследование загрязненных территорий и ис- следование содержания загрязнителей в объектах среды, биоте (грызунах, рыбах и биосубстратах домашних животных) физико-химическими методами для оценки воздействия полигона на биоту и человека. Представ- лены результаты экспедиционных и лабораторных исследований объектов окружающей среды прилегающих к полигону районов. Приведены показатели гамма-съемки уровней радиационного фона обследуемых тер- риторий, данные о загрязнении почвы, поверхностных и подземных вод, доминантных форм растений, био- субстратов (шерсти домашних животных: верблюда, лошади, коровы). Использованы стандартные способы отбора проб, общепринятые методы исследования: радиологический и цитогенетический (микроядерный), атомно-абсорбционная спектрофотометрия. Проведено рекогносцировочное и радиоэкологическое обсле- дование объектов окружающей среды с использованием аналитических методик, что позволило определить количественное содержание токсичных компонентов, приоритетных загрязнителей и радиоактивных изо- топов. Установлено, что значения объемной активности природных и техногенных радионуклидов в пробах почвы, питьевой воды и биосубстратах (шерсти домашних животных, образцах периферической крови чело- века) из населенных пунктов соответствуют величине контрольного уровня для данного региона. Измерения гамма-излучений показали, что по периметру территории полигона и в близлежащих населенных пунктах уровень радиации находится в пределах 0.06–0.14 мкЗв/ч. Незначительное превышение уровня радиоактив- ности сохраняется вблизи падения ракет в Бокейординском районе. Исследованные районы характеризуются незначительным уровнем радиационного фона: среднее значение МЭД составляет 0.014 мкЗв/ч. Абсолютный максимум, 0.73 мкЗв/ч, зарегистрирован в пунктах падения ракет в Казталовском районе.

Люпин вузьколистий — культура універсального використання у зоні Полісся України

Goal. To study the features of photosynthesis and symbiotic nitrogen fixation, and to determine their impact on the level of the yield of lupine as well as to establish the possibility to use lupine flour and oil as food additives in the technology of dough preparation to improve the biological value of bakery products. Methods. Special and generally accepted research methods: field, laboratory (morphological, physical, chemical, physiological, radiological, spectrometric), mathematical and statistical (dispersion, regression, statistical, analytical). Results. The complex assessment of the quality of the received crop at different elements of technology is given, the model of the technology which promotes an increase of potential productivity of lupine and its mixes is offered. The economic and energy expediency of the introduction of the considered agrotechnological measures in different way of cultivation of culture is proved. Conclusions. Optimization of mineral nutrition conditions by applying mineral fertilizers in the norm of N30–60P60K60 in combination with 2 foliar fertilization with water-soluble complex fertilizers with macro- and microelements (Mg, S, B, Cu, Mn, Fe, Mo, Zn) provides the formation of optimal indicators of the area of leaf surface, photosynthetic potential, dry matter accumulation, net productivity of photosynthesis, photosynthetic productivity of plants of Lupinus angustifolius, which creates the preconditions for obtaining its maximum productivity. The use of lupine flour and oil as food additives in the technology of dough preparation improves the consumer properties and baking qualities of bakery products.

Energy-saving solutions in the construction and housing and utilities sectors of Russia

As an object of research, the direction of optimizing energy saving and increasing energy efficiency of multi-layer enclosing structures (in particular, external walls) of buildings (with insulation and ventilated facades) was adopted. The high relevance of the research is related to the achievement of rational use (to an optimal level) of material and energy resources (with the correct choice of properties and location of the insulation in the wall). The accepted research method is based on the application of thermal engineering calculation of the external fence and its temperature field, other elements of the building heating system with the establishment of dependencies between the values and comparing them with the standard performance indicators (using the Mathcad program). Specific results of the study include determining the temperature distribution in the thickness of the 5-layer outer wall with fixing the plane with zero temperature of the material, which shows the place of possible freezing in the structure.

Simulation of dynamic phenomena in the ventilation network due to sudden gas outburst

An increase in the pace of cleaning and preparatory work, a transition to deeper horizons, a high concentration of machines and mechanisms in places where minerals are excavated and transported increase the likelihood of one of the most difficult and dangerous types of underground accidents - sudden outbursts of coal, rock and gas. In the event of a sudden outburst, the air distribution existing in the ventilation network experiences a sharp dynamic effect, leading to a violation of the stability of the ventilation of the workings close to the center of the outburst and the overturning of the air flow in them. The methane released in this case forms an atmosphere dangerous for humans in the adjacent workings. The size of the gas contamination zone depends on many factors: the intensity of the outburst, the ventilation scheme of the mine, the presence of ventilation facilities, their number, and others, and can become the object of special studies, including the study of the outburst process itself and its interaction with the ventilation network. The specificity of the occurrence of an oytburst as a type of accidents does not allow obtaining statistical and experimental results directly during its course, which greatly complicates the study of this process. In this regard, the most acceptable research method that allows assessing the results of the interaction of the outburst with the ventilation network and, guided by them, to develop effective measures to eliminate its consequences and restore the normal functioning of the mine, is the simulation method using a PC. The article analyzes the stages of changes in the mining-geological and mining-technical conditions preceding the occurrence of the outburst, the stage of the outburst, the calculation formulas are given, by which it is possible to evaluate the configuration and dynamics of the development of the zone polluted with methane as a result of the outburst. The results of modeling the gas-dynamic manifestations of the outburst and its effect on the state of mine ventilation are of great importance in ventilation calculations in emergency modes in order to use the possibilities of ventilation effects on an emergency, limit emergency zones and increase the effectiveness of eliminating the consequences of an accident.

КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННЫЙ УЧЕТ И ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЛЬНЫЕ СВОЙСТВА ПАТОГЕННЫХ БАКТЕРИЙ, ВЫДЕЛЕННЫХ ИЗ ПИЩЕВОГО СЫРЬЯ

The results of microbiological studies of generally accepted research methods and analysis studies for accelerated calculation the amount of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms isolated from food raw materials are presented. Optimization of sample preparation for research and elimination of routine stages of colony counting significantly increases the number of performed analyzes, saves research time and material costs. Due to the simplicity of operations and a minimum of manual labor,productivity and security are increased, labor costs of staff time are reduced, subjective factors are excluded. The advantages are also in quantitative indicators of the total number of yeast and molds in the studied samples within 72 hours, whereas in the generally accepted method, the indicators are presented only after 5 days. A quantitative analysis of microorganisms of food samples (n = 82) revealed a mismatch of microbiological safety indicators, excess QMAFAnM: 23 (28,0%) samples food raw materials, of which 11 beef samples (47,2%); meat of offal and semi-finished poultry – 12 (20,3%). Based on a comparative assessment of growth-supporting and selective properties, effective diagnostic environments and test systems for differentiating similar types of microorganisms have been tested and selected. From the number of isolates allocated from food raw materials (n = 122), 36 microbial cultures were identified: Salmonella spp. – 10 (13,1%) microbial cultures; coliforms – 25 (24,3%); Listeria monocytogenes – 1 (1,3%).

The Actualisation of Regional Capacity Educational Space Based on Cluster Interaction: The Aspect of Formation of Training Health Culture

Introduction. Secondary schools are the only social institution through which the entire child population passes. This suggests that the general education system is the most important link in the socialisation of an individual, where a health culture is formed among other values. Currently, in Russian and foreign pedagogical science and practice, there are various models for organisation of the activities of educational institutions in the formation of a health culture of students. However, individual institutions often require more strength and capacity to achieve the desired outcome.The aim of the research is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations of the integration of resources and capabilities of various social institutions in the context of their cluster interaction within the regional educational space in order to form a culture of students’ health.Methodology and research methods. In the course of the research, the multilevel concept of methodological knowledge is used. At the philosophical level, the axiological approach, which is of particular importance in the conditions of protecting the health of the younger generation, is taken as a fundamental one, since health is a universal (highest) human value and the main value orientation of the personality (A. Maslow), which determines the healthy and full development of the individual. The general scientific level is represented by a system-interactionist approach, which is a correlation of systemacity and interaction. The system component of the approach involves the consideration of the object (organisation, pedagogical system, educational space, etc.) not as a simple sum of any separate components, but as a single functional whole that has its own qualities distinguishable from the qualities of its individual parts. The interactionist component of the approach involves solving a pedagogical problem through the influence, communication, transition, development of various objects under the influence of mutual actions on each other, on other objects. The specific scientific level includes an integrative approach, involving the implementation of the educational process in educational organisations based on the use of resources of all members of educational activity. The technological level allows for phased planning, sequentially solving tasks and interpreting the results. The administrative and managerial aspect of the technological level is represented by a cluster approach, and the psychological and pedagogical one is represented by a personal-activity one. To achieve this goal, the following generally accepted research methods were used: conceptual-terminological and theoretical-methodological analysis, comparison, interpretation, theoretical modeling, generalisation, formative pedagogical experiment.Results and scientific novelty. The concepts of “regional educational space” and “cluster on the formation of a health culture of students in the regional educational space” were defined. Theoretical and methodological foundations for the integration of resources and capabilities of various social institutions in the context of their cluster interaction within the regional educational space with the aim of creating a health culture for students have been developed and described. Structural functional model and process flow chart of such interaction have been constructed.Practical significance. The results of the research create the prerequisites for a systematisation of the activities of specialists in the field of education, other social institutions and local executive authorities in the creation and development of regional clusters in the interests of protecting the health of the younger generation.

The use of Brassica napus L. in soft drink production

One of the forms of agribusiness development is the use of local raw materials. Swede is an unconventional raw material resource that has a number of valuable nutrients. The paper shows the possibility of using swede, growing in the Novosibirsk region, in the production of purees and soft drinks for the first time. In solving the tasks assigned, generally accepted research methods were used. As a basis, it is proposed to produce root vegetable purees, which consist of the following main stages: preparation of ingredients (washing, inspection, blanching, cleaning, washing, grinding), processing in an apparatus under the influence of an acoustic field, packing, cooling, storage. Based on organoleptic studies, a soft drink formulation has been developed, consisting of rutabaga, 20% sugar syrup, low esterified pectin and citric acid. Studies of the quality characteristics allowed us to establish the shelf life of the drink within 9 months from the date of production. Regulated requirements for organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters, food and energy values have been established for the developed products.

Особливості ценопопуляції Pulsatilla Patens (L.) Mill. на території біосферного резервату "Розточчя"

Викладено результати вивчення екологічних особливостей Pulsatilla patens на території біосферного резервату "Розточчя", який репрезентує типові та унікальні природні комплекси Українського Розточчя. Зазначено, що на цей час – це єдино відоме місце росту виду на всій українсько-польській гряді Розточчя. Подано флористичний склад локалітету з участю сону широколистого, описано основні фенологічні фази розвитку виду в регіоні. Аналіз динаміки щільності, вікової та віталітетної структури свідчить про сприятливі еколого-ценотичні умови росту виду, а саме: динаміка щільності характеризується флуктаційним типом; характер вікового спектра сталий, з максимумом на групі особин віргінільного стану, значна кількість ювенільних особин відображає добре насіннєве поновлення та сприятливі умови для проростання насіння; за типом – ценопопуляція молода; за віталітетом – рівноважна, інколи процвітаюча. Відзначено негативний антропогенний вплив, а саме: викопування куртин виду для озеленення, використання цієї місцевості населенням для відпочинку (розведення вогнищ, витоптування), періодичні весняні підпали травостою, що призводить до зменшення чисельності рослин. Рекомендовано систематичне очищення місця росту виду від сухих залишків деревини та травостою й проведення інформаційно-роз'яснювальної роботи серед населення в плані збереження рідкісних видів та місць їх поширення.

Why respondents select no-opinion response option in consumer research?

In surveys, which are a commonly accepted research method in social sciences, we always observe a certain percentage of respondents giving no-opinion responses such as “no opinion” or “hard to say”. In this study, we treat no-opinion responses as a motivated decision to refuse to respond. The aim of the study was to determine what factors involved in the organisation of a study increase the percentage of respondents who opt for no-opinion responses. The factors on which we focused include in particular the significance of the difficulty of questions; the order of questionnaire questions; motivating respondents through rewards, and the research technique. In the first part of the study, 575 students were divided into 5 groups. Each group was surveyed about environmental consumer attitudes in different survey conditions. In addition, the respondents were asked to rank the difficulty of individual questions in the survey. Findings: The study showed that the percentage of no-opinion responses increases as the questions become more difficult. The respondents were more likely to avoid stating their opinion on those unecological behaviours that they exhibited more frequently. The change of the research technique from a questionnaire to a direct interview caused a decrease in the percentage of noopinion responses. The respondents opted for a “no opinion” response less frequently when the interview was conducted by a lecturer than when it was conducted by a student. Changing the order of questions also affected the percentage of no-opinion responses; however, that was only true for questions that the respondents recognised as easy. Conclusions: The study showed that the choice of a research technique intended to reduce the percentage of no-opinion responses depends on the quality of questions. If they are difficult and require the respondents to engage cognitive resources, a better solution is to employ the direct interview method. However, if the questions are sensitive and the respondent may feel pressure to give a response that conforms to social norms, a better solution is to ensure them anonymity, e.g. by employing the questionnaire technique.

Systematic review as a research method in postgraduate nursing education

In South Africa, there appears to be poor understanding about using a systematic review as an acceptable research method in post-graduate nursing education. The lack of understanding may result in research supervisors being unable to guide post-graduate students, such as masters and doctoral students, in using the systematic review methodology in the completion of an academic qualification. Furthermore, they might not be able to assist post-graduate students in completing their studies, or conducting studies, in particular systematic reviews, which are of high quality. Valuable opportunities can thus be missed that might add to the body of knowledge to inform and improve research, education, and clinical practice. This article may set the field for an informed debate on systematic reviews as a useful and acceptable research method to be used by post-graduate nursing students in South Africa. We conclude that a systematic review could be a useful and acceptable method for research in post-graduate nursing education. However, the method's benefits and disadvantages should be considered before a post-graduate student embarks on such a journey.

Vklad russkikh istorikov-emigrantov v Kitae v razvitie istoricheskoy nauki v 20-40-e gody XX veka

The object of this paper is the formation and development of the Russian expatriate history studies in 1920-1940s, and the characteristics of the Far East Russian expatriate historians. The author tries to analyze the theme of Russian expatriate historian contribution to the Russian national history. Russian expatriate historians actively participated in the academic research, book publishing, professional creation, social culture, education and other forms of activities. Through their works, they reproduced important events of Russia, Mongolia and China. In order to get accurate and mutual validation results, we have to use many generally accepted research methods, analysis of previous empirical data, and to consult lots of Russian expatriate materials during the study of Russian expatriate historian academic and social cultural activities. The key conclusion of the study is the following: this part of Russian expatriate historians made important contributions to the history studies development in China, and attention should be paid to their works, because the academic research activities of Russian expatriate historians have not stopped and continue today. The novelty of the research: it is the first comprehensive analysis of Russian expatriate historians' academic activities, specific working experience, and contributions to history studies, makes up for the gap of the study on Russian expatriate history studies in 1920-1940. In addressing the issues of the adaptation of the Russian scientific and historian in Manchuria, account should be taken of the biographies of eminent scholars as well as their educational activities in numerous schools. One of the tasks of Russian intellectuals in Manchuria is the promotion of Russian culture in Manchuria, which was always likely to be the key to understanding the history and culture of different peoples.

Вплив структурних показників на урожайність насіння ріпаку озимого залежно від строків сівби та норм висіву в Південному степу України

The aim of the research is to determine the effect of structural indicators on the yield of winter rape under study depending on sowing time and seeding rate. Research methods: studies have been conducted according to the requirements of generally accepted research methods. Research findings. The highest yield and the best structural indicators of winter rape have been obtained when Antaria variety was sown in the first decade of September, the seeding rate being 1.1million plants per hectare, in the cases when plant density ensured plants optimal development. During the period of 2013-2015 Antaria variety demonstrated the greatest yield (2.58 t /ha) when sown in the first decade of September, the seeding rate being 1.1 million plants per hectare. Conclusion. In the Ukrainian southern steppe winter rape seed production depends directly on the main structural elements, which is confirmed by high correlation coefficient .

Evidence-Base Unani Medicine: Need of Appropriate Research Methods

Every health care system must be evidence based and Unani system of medicine ought to be no exception. An evidence base is needed at every level of health-care, right from diagnostics to the therapeutic decision making. Unani medicine requires thorough work to bring out evidence basis not only to support its interventions but also to its fundamental concepts to create scientific and logical basis on which therapeutic decisions are made. However, when pleading for evidence, problems associated with the nature of evidence and their relevance to Unani system of medicine ought to be thoroughly debated. Though Unani system and biomedicine share the same spirit of open and sincere scientific enquiry, their fundamentals, epistemology, logic and theories are distinct. Unani medicine is basically holistic, whereas biomedicine is reductionist. These epistemic variations call for the use of appropriate and acceptable research methods by involving experts from Unani system and biomedicine. The classical approach of this system should not be compromised for the convenience of prevailing research strategies. Various research strategies like reverse pharmacology to unravel the mechanism of action of drugs, pharmaco-epidemiology to study the toxicity of herbo-mineral preparations, retrospective treatment outcome surveys as a starting line to study the efficacy of drugs and whole system research to evaluate the efficacy of packaged interventions have been proposed by scientists to generate evidence in traditional medicine, that are also applicable to Unani system of medicine. In this paper research methods, which are appropriate to generate scientific evidence in Unani medicine are discussed.

THE CONCEPTUAL CONTENT OF STATE BUDGET PROCESS IN ECONOMIC THEORY

Evaluating the role of the budget in economy we may declare that the budget process should favour the social economic development of the state. The aim of the research is to explore and evaluate theoretical aspects of the state budget process as a component of the state financial policy and to work out proposals for improvement of the state budget process, based on the theoretical and empirical findings. The main objectives of the research were to study the foreign economic scientific literature on the state budget process in the context of theoretical aspects, to study the impact of the state budget process on the financial policy and to work out proposals for the perfection of state budget process. Generally accepted research methods of economic analysis were used: the qualitative – studying the special literature, scientific publications, morphologic comparison, the logically constructive method, the method of synthesis. As there are different views on the significance of the state budget process in the organization of state finances, the authors have specified the definition of the concept of the state budget process in the context of economics. It will ensure a unified understanding of the budget process as an important mechanism of state finance management. Therefore, a more profound theoretical research study on the state budget process is important.

Состояние 137 CS в почвах радиоактивно загрязненных защитных лесов Брянской области

This paper studies the influence of protective forests on the redistribution of cesium-137 in horizontal and vertical directions. Trial plots are laid in accordance with generally accepted research methods in forest biocenosis and recommendations for the management of radiation monitoring. The methodology is a regular landscape profile stratified sampling of soils. Determination of cesium-137 was performed in stationary conditions on gamma-spectrometric complex "Progress". It is shown that the highest specific activity of radionuclide is observed in protective plantations regardless of tree species.

Teaching Research Methods to Understand Business Crimes

In legal education, professors often wish to go beyond the black letter law to challenge students with unresolved legal questions. Professors’ main goal in the classroom — as effected through the Socratic method or otherwise — is to help students learn to think critically about these questions to arrive at reasonable and thoughtful answers. But what about the questions that require more than classroom discussion — those that demand the application of various accepted research methods such as surveys, data mining, experimentation, and the like — to analyze trends or behavior in hopes of finding acceptable solutions to hard questions? My remarks here discuss the idea of lifting the various research techniques professors often employ in scholarship and using those methods as a teaching tool to provide answers to important questions. Highlighting different approaches to answering a research question can be a unique pedagogical tool in the quest to help students learn to think critically and question the information they receive.