Academic Sphere Research Articles

Perspectives on the Doctor of Public Health (DrPH) education among students and alumni in the United States: a cross-sectional national online survey

BackgroundThis study explored the current and desired identity of the DrPH degree, focusing on whether the competencies set by the Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH) adequately prepare DrPH graduates for effective public health practice. Additionally, the study investigated the necessity of standardization in DrPH training, referring to a consensus-driven approach that equips future public health practitioners with practical skillsets applicable in real-world scenarios.MethodsA national cross-sectional online survey titled “National DrPH leaders & practitioners needs assessment” was conducted from November 2020 to February 2021. The survey was based on a self-report by DrPH students and DrPH professionals, consisting of the following two main components: (1) how their DrPH training aligns with CEPH competencies and (2) how they perceive the identity of the DrPH degree. Convenience sampling was used to collect the data, which may have limited representation for all DrPH institutions in the United States.ResultsA total of 222 participants (140 current DrPH students and 82 alumni) completed the survey. The mean of the 10-point Likert scale for the degree to which the DrPH training aligns with 26 CEPH competencies (1: not at all – 10: absolutely) ranged from 6.3 (SD: 2.78) to 7.96 (SD: 2.16). The majority of participants (191/222, 86.04%) were satisfied with the knowledge and skills reflected in their training based on the CEPH competencies. However, more than half of the participants (117/222, 52.70%) sought additional professional development/training outside their institutions. DrPH leaders and practitioners faced barriers where the value of their work might not be fully recognized and endorsed. Participants indicated that the DrPH education should be further distinguished from the PhD education.ConclusionsThe DrPH degree holds significant value within the academic sphere of public health practice in the United States. However, its distinction from PhD programs poses a challenge for employers and organizations in the field, requiring attention from higher education programs. By solidifying the DrPH’s identity, graduates can effectively address diverse public health issues and contribute to creating a safe and healthy environment, including addressing the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Pelatihan Penggunaan Mendeley Reference Dalam Penulisan Karya Ilmiah

Writing scientific papers is an essential foundation in the academic sphere, requiring researchers, students, and academics to manage, refer to, and cite various sources that support their arguments and findings. Emerging as a solution to this challenge, Mendeley Reference has the potential to change the way writers manage references in the context of higher education. This Community Service Activity (PKM) aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding to students, especially those in the 7th semester of the PGSD major at the Teaching and Education Faculty of Buton Muslim University, regarding the benefits of using the Mendeley application in writing scientific assignments. This PKM is carried out through three stages: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The evaluation results showed that most participants had a good understanding, but some required further training. The positive impact of the training can be seen in the academic and professional development of the participants. Therefore, as a follow-up, practical exercises will be intensified, increased structured discussions between participants and presenters, and gathering input from participants for future improvements. Overall, this training significantly contributes to providing students with essential skills in scientific writing and better preparation for future academic and professional challenges.

Places and mechanisms of belonging and exclusion: Intra‐EU academic migration in a comparative perspective

AbstractIntra‐EU doctoral migrants are doubly privileged: as EU citizens they enjoy free movement rights and as academics their intra‐EU mobility is promoted by the EU's measures to establish a European Research Area. This paper takes a closer look at these favourable conditions by examining intra‐EU mobile doctoral academics in different places. To understand the experiences of migrating into academic spheres abroad and being on the threshold of entering the academic workforce, our theoretical approach brings together theories of distinctive practices resulting in exclusion and theories of belonging. We consider the knowledge resources, including language abilities, that are required for the doctoral migrants' inclusion in the academic workforce abroad by using a comparative view on places. Our empirical analysis focuses on graduates in the social sciences and humanities who moved from Germany to France or the Netherlands during their educational trajectories. Suggesting a place‐based comparative approach, we contribute to the debates about barriers to intra‐EU academic migration. We explain (i) place‐specific obstacles due to differing understandings of ‘appropriate’ knowledge and language abilities in higher education that affect social and academic life and (ii) how these barriers result in the doctoral migrants being in‐ and excluded in academic environments abroad.

Influential Radiology Figures and Organizations in Social Media

PurposeWith social media becoming a vibrant hub for the radiology community, highlighting expert leaders and trustful conduits of information in the virtual field is proving crucial. The aim of this study was to identify and describe the most prominent and influential figures and organizational accounts to follow in radiology. MethodsInfluence scores for the topic “radiology” on Twitter (now known as X) were computed using the Right Relevance machine learning service. Top influencers were classified according to gender, geography, physician degree, areas of influence, subspecialization, influence score, title, affiliated institution, dual degree, medical school origin, content type, and research activity. Statistical analysis was performed assessing variable correlations. ResultsIn the top quartile of influential figures, 87% were physicians, 60% men, and 93% located in the United States. Prevalent backgrounds included neuroradiology (21%), abdominal imaging (12%), and artificial intelligence (11%). Of the top 100 figures, 81% were US graduates, 97% held medical degrees, and 28% had dual degrees. Fifty-eight percent provided educational content. A majority held leadership positions (58%) and academic professorship titles (70%). The median h index, publication number, and citation number were 14, 49, and 881, respectively. No significant correlation was noted between influence score and academic rank or research output. ConclusionsVirtual presence is becoming integral to health care professions and academic spheres, unfolding great potential for enhancing the sense of belonging, advocacy, recruitment, and fostering new relationships. Having a core of influential leaders and organizations to follow can serve as a resource for the community members and aspiring students building a positive connected basis for radiology’s thriving future.

Secularism, biology teachers, and evolution teaching: a comparative analysis of the Brazilian phenomenon

ABSTRACT The issue of the secular state is pertinent in Latin America, especially in countries like Brazil, where religion may influence the political and educational field. Data from a survey of biology teachers regarding the teaching of evolution in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay were analysed, recognising the secularity of the countries. The BIOHEAD-CITIZEN questionnaire and semi-structured interviews were used in this research. Two questions were highlighted: one regarding teachers’ opinion on the separation of politics and religion and the other on the separation of science and religion. In both, the results from Brazilian biology teachers stand out, with a greater alignment with the conception that religion can participate in the political and academic sphere. The interviews also confirmed that Brazilian teachers must deal with religious clashes, with students and in their personal conceptions, when teaching evolutionary theory. This situation is of concern in the current Brazilian political context (Bolsonaro government), in which the theme of religion is in evidence in politics, and may become increasingly so in the school environment, notably in relation to the teaching of biological evolution.

From Bogus Journals to Predatory Universities: The Evolution of the Russian Academic Sphere Within the Predatory Settings of the State

From Bogus Journals to Predatory Universities: The Evolution of the Russian Academic Sphere Within the Predatory Settings of the State

Multi-Fusion algorithms for Detecting Land Surface Pattern Changes Using Multi-High Spatial Resolution Images and Remote Sensing Analysis

Producing accurate Land-Use and Land-Cover (LU/LC) maps using low-spatial-resolution images is a difficult task. Pan-sharpening is crucial for estimating LU/LC patterns. This study aimed to identify the most precise procedure for estimating LU/LC by adopting two fusion approaches, namely Color Normalized Brovey (BM) and Gram-Schmidt Spectral Sharpening (GS), on high-spatial-resolution Multi-sensor and Multi-spectral images, such as (1) the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) system, (2) the WorldView-2 satellite system, and (3) low-spatial-resolution images like the Sentinel-2 satellite, to generate six levels of fused images with the three original multi-spectral images. The Maximum Likelihood method (ML) was used for classifying all nine images. A confusion matrix was used to evaluate the accuracy of each single classified image. The obtained results were statistically compared to determine the most reliable, accurate, and appropriate LU/LC map and procedure. It was found that applying GS to the fused image, which integrated WorldView-2 and Sentinel-2 satellite images and was classified by the ML method, produced the most accurate results. This procedure has an overall accuracy of 88.47% and a kappa coefficient of 0.85. However, the overall accuracies of the three classified multispectral images range between 86.84% to 76.49%. Furthermore, the accuracy assessment of the fused images by the Brovey method and the rest of the GS method and classified by the ML method ranges between 85.75% to 76.68%. This proposed procedure shows a lot of promise in the academic sphere for mapping LU/LC. Previous researchers have mostly used satellite images or datasets with similar spatial and spectral resolution, at least for tropical areas like the study area of this research, to detect land surface patterns. However, no one has previously investigated and examined the use and application of different datasets that have different spectral and spatial resolutions and their accuracy for mapping LU/LC. This study has successfully adopted different datasets provided by different sensors with varying spectral and spatial levels to investigate this. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-04-013 Full Text: PDF

Pavel Medvešček as “the Guardian of the Most Astonishing Secrets”: On the Echoes in Slovene Ethnology

AbstractAlthough studies on the pagan past existed in Slovenia prior to the publications of Pavel Medvešček, his writings on pre-Christian religious practices (Staroverstvo) in the Western part of Slovenia caused some disruption within the Slovenian academic sphere. Medvešček allegedly collected the material (oral narratives on spiritual and healing practices and objects) from the 1950s to the 1980s and published it as uninterpreted material. Although some academics were often criticized for their perceived indifference towards Medvešček's works and lack of interest in the topic of this one-of-a-kind discovery of local spiritual practices, others later initiated intriguing debates. The article outlines the life and work of Pavel Medvešček as well as the broader reception of his works among Slovenian academics and the general public. Due to the frequent questioning of the research methods of Pavel Medvešček, the article highlights the longstanding question of what makes a material credible, and tries to show how this is unveiled in Medvešček's “discoveries.” The article focuses on the different approaches to studying Medvešček's materials employed by two ethnologists, Katja Hrobat Virloget and Miha Kozorog.

Organizational socialization in universities: an empirical study

The aim of this study was to analyze organizational socialization in universities. The research is based on a quantitative approach, supplemented by descriptive fieldwork. Interviews and surveys were conducted with faculty members of the territorial polytechnic universities in the state of Táchira. The results show that none of the institutions have a socialization and integration program, and there is a welcoming process led by program coordinators, in which information is mainly provided about the curricular unit and its workload. However, the teachers express dissatisfaction with this process, as it does not facilitate adequate socialization and integration. In conclusion, it is necessary to design organizational socialization strategies for the teachers of the universities analyzed, with the aim of promoting effective integration in the academic sphere.

Creeping Authoritarianism in Higher Education and research in georgia: What A Difference A War Makes?

In September 2023, one of the buildings belonging to the National Historical Archives of Georgia caught fire, destroying many valuable cinematographic and audio materials from Soviet times. The authorities downplayed the incident, claiming that most of these materials had already been digitized, with copies kept in a separate building. But the incendiary event has fuelled accusations against the Georgian Dream party for having a careless attitude towards Georgia’s historical legacy. Moreover, these accusations come at a time when the ruling party’s authoritarian and pro-Russian tendencies – increasingly difficult to explain away since the start of Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine in 2022 – are felt with growing impact in various spheres of activity ranging from the political to the cultural. Yet, Georgia still ranks relatively high on the academic freedom index, and considerable scholarly exchange continues between Georgia and the rest of the world. Therefore, the question arises as to whether any authoritarian tendencies are detectable in the academic sphere and if Russia’s unprovoked war against Ukraine has had any measurable effect on the nature and conduct of higher education and research in Georgia. After providing the relevant historical background and context for current events, this piece argues that the creeping authoritarianism manifest today in the political, civic, media-information and arts-cultural spheres under Georgian Dream is also taking place in the academic sphere, albeit ‘under the radar’. This subtle shift is part of a general regression – which intensified after Russia launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in late-February 2022 – back to the dysfunctional patterns inherited from the Soviet Union.

The eradication of hate speech on social media: a systematic review

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a quantitative and qualitative synthesis of the diverse academic proposals and initiatives for preventing and eliminating hate speech on the internet.Design/methodology/approachThe foundation for this study is a systematic review of papers devoted to the analysis of hate speech. It has been conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol and applied to an initial corpus of 436 academic texts. Having implemented the suitability, screening and inclusion criteria, this corpus was refined to a sample of 74 articles.FindingsThe main subject categories studied in this corpus of academic research are legal issues and social media. In the majority of the articles, the use of hate speech via social media is associated with five typologies: religion, cyber racism, political slurs, misogyny and attacks on the LGTBI community. The absence of ethical reflection is one of the major shortcomings of IT-focused research and analysis devoted to online hate speech.Practical implicationsTo date various systematic reviews have been presented, and they focus on detecting or describing hate speech. These have used either the search appraisal synthesis analysis framework or the Cochrane network. The PRISMA protocol was applied for this study, and both Scopus and texts in German were included. To date no major, rigorous systematic review has been undertaken of proposals to combat hate speech.Originality/valueThe link between hate speech and poverty has not been studied in depth within the academic sphere. Tolerance and ethical compassion are not granted the attention they merit when it comes to analysing the phenomenon of hate speech.

Preparing for a New World of Work: Leadership Styles Reconfigured in the Digital Age

As a consequence of the accelerated technological developments (artificial intelligence, robots, automation, quantum computing etc.) that humankind has developed over the latest decades, inquiries about the impact of these powerful technologies and digitalization over professional work have emerged in the business and academic spheres. Since digital transformation involves, among others, giving rise to new ways of sharing practical expertise and leading organizations, it has strong implications on leadership practice, in terms of new styles, skills, competences and other capabilities needed to implement this change and to successfully navigate organizations through the new wave of technological disruption. Against this backdrop, the aim of this paper is to identify patterns and trends across professions in general and how they were transformed by technology. In addition, the paper explores how executives prepare for the new world of work and which leadership styles are on the brink of fundamental change and are particularly relevant for the digital world.

한반도의 집중과 개입·확산의 글로벌 지정학

According to classical geopolitics theory, the Korean peninsula is located in rimland space. It has some space value as a strategic point that is crossing between continent and sea powers. If powers have dominant forces, they always try to occupy in behalf of permanent security interests. Historically the Korean peninsula has been accepted a dividing territory area by a geostrategy. After the second world war the Korean peninsula is divided into South and North Korea artificially, and do not be overcome this situation. The military power centered concentration geopolitics has been operated in the Korean peninsula traditionally. Contemporary geopolitics pursues to concentration and intervention-diffusion geopolitics utilizing military, economic, and cultural powers. Geopolitics is an academic sphere about competition of human society for a good and suitable space to life. It is can be defined a pivotal and periphery area that is designated rimland to a good place in itself or an ensure it. The Korean peninsula is a global scale rimland with diverse actors at multi-level structures and scales. Global geopolitics beyond concentration and intervention-diffusion will must be opened for a peaceful space.

On Kadyr Ali-bek’s narrative of Oghuz khan

Research objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the story of Oghuz Khan, situated at the beginning of Kadyr Ali-bek’s Chinggisnāma; to compare this narrative with Reşidüddin’s Oghuznāma, which is the main source of the work, and other variants of the Oghuznāma in order to reveal similarities and original features. Research materials: The sources used in this study mainly consist of Kadyr Ali-bek’s work based on the Kazan manuscript and various Oghuznama variants carrying Islamic motifs. The main sources include the translation of Reşidüddin Fazlullah’s Oghuzname into Turkish by Zeki Velidi Togan, Yazıcızāde Āli’s Tevārīh-i Āl-i Selçuk, Hasan bin Mahmud al-Bayati’s Cām-ı Cem-āyīn, Ebülgazi Bahadır Han’s Şecere-i Terâkime and Şecere-i Türk, as well as Neşrī’s short Oghuznama located at the beginning of his work, Cihānnümā. The poetic Oghuznames were not pertinent in the comparative study made here. Results and novelty of the research: Kadyr Ali-bek’s work is known as Cāmiü’t-Tevārīh in the academic sphere as it is considered a translation of Reşidüddin’s work. However, when it comes to the Oghuz narrative, it can be seen that the author actually used other sources even though he avoided naming them. Comparison with other Oghuznāma variants shows that Kadyr Ali-bek either used the same source as Yazıcızāde Āli, a 15th-century Ottoman historian who wrote Tevārīh-i Āl-i Selçuk, or directly adapted his work. This is evident because the composition of the two texts is almost identical when the omitted or removed parts from the text are set aside.

Perspectives of Academic Faculties toward Studying Gender in Media Departments

Gender as a subject for study in the academic sphere gave importance and characteristics to the department that will be studied in. The main purpose of this research is to determine the importance of gender studies in media departments, in the public and private universities and colleges in the Kurdistan Region. Therefore, the main purpose of this research is to present the importance of gender studies as an independent subject in media departments. The researcher has attempted to discuss the importance of gender subject as an independent material in media departments in public and private colleges and universities in the Kurdistan Region, using a scientific quantitative and qualitative methods. The researcher has reached several conclusions: among all media departments (12 departments) in public and private universities and colleges in the Kurdistan Region, only one department is teaching gender as an independent subject. The issue of gender is unfamiliar, unfamiliar and not seriously considered. Gender is not considered as a necessary subject for some faculty members in these departments. However, proper understanding of the concept of gender in the academic setting itself is also complex and requires a scientific and objective understanding by academics and faculties. University teachers' understanding of the importance of gender and its philosophy along with their views on this issue, is of inevitable importance and needs to be considered.

Doktrin Inerrancy dan Identitas Kaum Injili di Indonesia: Sebuah Kritik Konstruktif

Inerrancy doctrine appeared at the late 19th century in America as an answer to the emergence of critical and literature analysist movement from Europe, especially from Germany. The challenge toward the authority of the bible had emerged since the early church father, especially toward the historical aspect of the book of Genesis. It has been a straightforward notion to link doctrine of inerrancy with the evangelical Christians. The identity of being Evangelical with inerrancy doctrine seems inseparable, ever since. However, the rapid shift in theology, politics, and culture, firstly in the West, and, secondly, around the world demands the identity and its doctrinal statement to be redefined. Theological debates and the implication toward Indonesian churches had not been impactful significantly toward Christians in non-ordained level. Nevertheless, in academic sphere the distinction between ecumenical and evangelical Christians has emerged and yet is limited in writing discourse.

Integrated security management model: a proposal applied to organisational resilience

The purpose of this article is to contribute scientifically to the thematic areas of organisational resilience and security risk management by providing a model of a flexible security management system that can be integrated with other management systems and be applied to the operational dimension of organisational resilience. To this end, the literature on security risk and operational resilience has been reviewed, as well as on security governance models based on enterprise security risk management and other international standards that allow integration with business processes. During the study, an incipient production of specific models that determine the maturity of different management systems was observed in the academic sphere, with a gap being detected in terms of security management system maturity models linked to organisational governance and enterprise risk management, which would facilitate their inclusion in the organisation's integrated management system in a practical way. It is concluded that the proposed model provides scientific support to practitioners, and, to a greater extent, to companies and other organisations irrespective of their size, sector of activity or location.

Mutations of Barcelona’s cultural policy model: Political change, local planning and political instrumentalization of culture in Barcelona

ABSTRACT Barcelona has been a poster child for the entrepreneurial turn in cultural policy, with an approach based on seizing opportunities for promoting the city in the global arena. This model has been successful in terms of urban branding but has driven growing urban inequalities that have drawn criticism from social and academic spheres. Hence, after the 2008 crisis and the ensuing public budget cuts, growing opposition to the model emerged. Criticism of the city’s cultural model crystallized in the leftist, activist candidacy of Barcelona en Comú, a new party that took power in 2015. Since then, pro-commons discourses on cultural policy have emerged that criticize the past model. The new pro-commons approach proposes a radical turn advocating policy as a tool for cultural democratization. Yet this left-wing populist orientation has encountered great hurdles to changing the Barcelona Cultural Policy model (which is based on artistic institutions, creative factories and the instrumentalization of culture for urban branding). Indeed, analysis of the structural cultural expenses of the city council and the innovative local Cultural Rights Plan paradoxically reveals a continuation of the idea of the creative, entrepreneurial city, focusing once again on developing cultural facilities and fostering new urban and cultural clustering. Thus, rather than a radical change in cultural policy, we see great continuities with the previous Creative City model.

MLuq Protocol: A Proposal for the Immobilization of the White Weapon, Preservation of DNA Traces, and Its Chain of Custody.

Unprecedentedly, this article presents a useful management protocol for the workers in emergency situations assisting victims of white weapon aggressions with a dual innovation. It could presage a possible advance in the healthcare management of these patients and support important repercussions in the legal field when this type of wound is inflicted due to an aggression. The MLuq protocol has been agreed by consensus in a multidisciplinary manner including experts belonging to the state security forces (judicial and scientific Police), to the healthcare area (surgical nursing, emergency medicine, general cardiothoracic and digestive surgery, and the legal and forensic medicine area), to the legal system (a jurist specialized in the area), and to the academic sphere. It is the first paper to propose purse string sutures as a weapon immobilization technique, as well as a set of actions designed to obtain biological traces of legal interest and to preserve the chain of custody. Therefore, it is a useful tool for the health and legal personnel, and especially for the victims.

State and Religion in Indonesia (Implementation of Regulations on Places of Worship in Christianity)

In the academic sphere, the relationship between the state and religion is a significant topic of discussion. The separation of the state and religion can lead to the failure of citizens. Every religious activity must comply with state regulations. The importance of the house of worship is an essential teaching of every religion. Therefore, state intervention in religious life is necessary to ensure harmony in the state. This study used a qualitative descriptive method to provide an overview of Christian attitudes as citizens in the nation and state. There are three points that need to be applied in the life of diverse states. First, relevance is essential. A Christian must be relevant in the context of the Indonesian nation, actively participate in the state, and have practical political knowledge. Therefore, every Christian and church must comply with the regulations set by the Indonesian state. Second, engagement is crucial. In the incarnate ministry, there is an emphasis on engaging with people and living a Christ-like life. This model of ministry must apply to the church’s ministry and mission. It means every Christian must contextualize the state’s life without compromising on sin. Third, tolerance is significant. Christians must view differences as a gift from God in the nation and state. They should not force their teachings on others. They should prioritize religious moderation and make Christian values and the 1945 Constitution the basis of religious, state, and social life. Good citizens should have nothing to fear, and if they are not responsible to the state, then they are not responsible to God.