Academic Research Papers Research Articles

Does Online Travel Applications Influence Consumer Decisions – A Literature Review using Bibliometric tools

Travelling and tourism plays an important medication for the relaxation of the people taking time out of their busy and hectic schedules by staying in places away from their standard conditions for a brief timeframe only for refreshment. Tourism has an imperative impact in the commitment towards advancement, foreign exchange and enhancement of employability for progression of community. The share of tourism to the world economy is 9% of GDP. The most basic estimation of tourism can be said as the social exchange among various nationalities that visit the country and varied tie-ups that may clear course for overall peace and harmony. As, travelling and tourism has turned into the most mainstream, trendy and real wellspring of income in India. Tourism has given a vast purview of freedom to travellers and explorers to broaden the market and it act as significant aspect for travellers while deciding among various mode of travels and factors affecting them. This Paper is about growing online travel Application (OTAs) where researchers have studied number of academic articles and research papers on their possible impact on purchase decision of consumers.

Egg production: conventional or cage-free?

Research methodology This case was primarily researched using academic research papers, industry reports (Egg Industry Center and others), and finance databases including Standard and Poor’s Capital IQ. Regarding the cost and investment budgets, the case relies mainly on an experiment conducted by the Coalition for Sustainable Egg Supply, updated by the authors of this case. Case overview/synopsis Eggs produced by cage-free birds, while more expensive than conventionally produced eggs, are gaining in popularity among consumers who want only eggs that are produced more humanely. A number of major distributors, including Whole Foods, McDonalds and Starbucks have pledged to sell only cage-free produced eggs by 2025. Several states including California, Oregon and Michigan have passed laws limiting conventional egg production. The case provides costs and industry information and needed to project free cash flows and risk-adjusted opportunity cost of capital and perform break-even capital budgeting analysis of the two egg production alternatives. Complexity academic level This case is appropriate for graduate corporate finance courses. It is particularly appropriate for agribusiness finance courses. A preliminary exercise was used during the fall 2018 in a land grant university, just after the “Prevention of Cruelty to Farm Animals Act,” also known as Proposition 12, was passed in California in favor of cage-free egg production. The exercise was revised and used in the fall 2019 in the same class. This extended version of the case, was classroom tested in the fall 2020 in an agribusiness finance graduate class, with agricultural economics and business students enrolled.

CHINA’S HUNT FOR FUEL THROUGH BRI IN THE MIDDLE EAST

Purpose of the study: The purpose of the study is to examine China’s hunt for the acquisition of energy supplies through the Belt & Road Initiative (BRI) in the Middle East due to the unprecedented economic expansion on accounts of which it needs reliable resources of natural gas and oil to cope with the requisite needs of energy.
 Methodology: The data for this study is collected from various secondary sources like Research Journals, Academic Research Papers, and Electronic Sources. Data were interpreted using the deductive method of investigation through an analytical and descriptive approach.
 Principal Findings: The main findings indicate that China has long followed its “win-win” strategy, which means that all trading partners of the region profit fairly, and for that reason, Beijing is aiming to boost its commercial presence in the region of the Middle East for mutual gains and that economic interdependence, according to Beijing encourages collaboration between the states on accounts of which it is considered that energy deals of China are centered on mutual economic interests.
 Applications of this study: Findings of the study will be helpful for scholars and academics of International Relations, Security Studies, Policymakers of China and the Middle East countries, diplomats of China, USA, Russia, Saudi Arabia, and Iran as well as it also contributes for understanding energy and economic ambitions of China in the region of Middle East, which to be accomplished through BRI.
 Novelty/Originality of this study: The originality/novelty of the study lies in the attempt to explore that BRI is considered as the 21st century’s Marshall Plan by China and that it will associate China’s hunt for global energy resources by diversification of the economic markets of the Middle East.

Stance complement clauses controlled by verbs in academic research papers

Abstract This paper explores stance complement clauses in the genre of academic discourse, analysing stance complement clauses controlled by verbs in economics research articles written in English by non-native writers. Following Biber’s taxonomy (2006) of common lexico-grammatical features used for stance analyses, the results of the study show that epistemic verbs of certainty and likelihood are an important means of communicating knowledge in this genre and thus, form an inseparable part of academic research writing. Moreover, the study seeks to analyse the contrast between stance to-infinitives and stance that-clauses in the studied corpus. While stance that-clauses relate mainly to the category of certainty; on the contrary, stance to-infinitive clauses are consciously or subconsciously chosen to lessen the risk of a face-threatening act and typically refer to writers’ sensory experience (e.g. verbs such as seem, appear, etc.). The findings suggest that research papers from the field of economics demonstrate a clear preference for factive verbs over non-factive verbs.

A Meta-analysis of Integrated Internal Audit Management Effectiveness towards Business Sustainability

This paper classifies the internal and external factors that influence the effectiveness of integrated internal audit management (IIAM) and how IIAM effectiveness affects business sustainability performance. This paper presents a meta-analysis and systematic literature review of previous academic research papers. This study used a comprehensive review of literature and content analysis to obtain information using the electronic databases, specifically ProQuest, Emerald and Scopus from the year of 2003 until 2020. The paper reviewed recently published articles on the integration of at least two out of three management systems (MSs), such as ISO 9001, OHSAS 18001 and ISO 14001. The findings from the research papers are presented according to the factors and outcomes examined. Many studies undertaken on the integration audit of management systems show that there are several internal factors (human resource capability, technological capability and quality capability) and external factors (regulator, customer and supplier) that affect the effectiveness of the integrated internal audit management. It is concluded that the use of integrated management system (IMS) has a positive impact on the firm’s performance specifically on business sustainability. The findings indicated of internal and external factors, which are grounded on the identified theories (dynamic capabilities theory, stakeholder theory and contingency theory), having to consider and to understand the effectiveness and implications of integrated internal audit. Thus, based on the findings from previous research carried out and the requirement of IMS, this paper gives directions for the effective way to integrate internal audits in manufacturing firms to achieve business sustainability.

Timely Survey of Time-Sensitive Networking: Past and Future Directions

Time-sensitive networking (TSN) is a next generation local area network technology for the coexistence of information and operation technology, targeted to industrial automation, in-vehicle networks, and avionic networks in the industrial Internet of Things. This paper presents an up-to-date survey of the research efforts in TSN over the past few years, including the latest efforts in standardization by the IEEE. We review more than 170 TSN-related academic research papers published by major academic publishers and categorize these studies according to the topic, purpose, and methodology, analyzing research trends in TSN. The TSN core function deals with the functional and internal perspective to achieve ultra-low latency/jitter and ultra-reliability. Network management includes work with macroscopic and external views, such as configuration, management, and maintenance of TSN-enabled networks. In particular, we analyze the characteristics of existing studies that have evaluated the TSN network and propose future directions to advance the limits of TSN for real-world deployment. We aim this study to be a cornerstone for fellow and new researchers.

RESEARCH WORK OF THE LECTURERS AT THE DEPARTMENT OF ADVERTISING AND PUBLIC RELATIONS OF THE INSTITUTE OF JOURNALISM AT BORYS GRINCHENKO KYIV UNIVERSITY DURING FIVE YEARS

The article analyses the research activities of the Department of Advertising and Public Relations of the Institute of Journalism at Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University in the period from 2017 to 2021. Academic researchers are not just included to the activities of modern universities, but are prioritised, because this kind of activity significantly affects the position of university in prestigious rankings, whereas ratings are among of the arguments in favor of the entrant’s decision to choose a university for further study. During the period from 2017 to 2021, the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine and similar government agencies in the United States and the EU, as well as many grant-making organisations in the field of education, declared the need to develop research activities of universities. It has become the responsibility of most Ukrainian lecturers to publish articles indexed in the Scopus and Web of Science scientometric databases. Research activities are particularly difficult for practitioners who are involved in teaching due to their experience in the business sector of national economy. According to the strategy of student-centered and practice-oriented learning, many such specialists had been involved in the activity of the Department of Advertising and Public Relations at the Institute of Journalism. Advertising and public relations are mostly applied areas, not traditional academic disciplines, unlike many other specialisations of academic departments in Ukrainian universities. Meanwhile, modern entrants show more interest in applied areas of social sciences than in theoretical issues. Therefore, the analysis of the research work of the Department of Advertising and Public Relations may be of particular interest to teachers and administrators working in higher education institutions. The main objectives and results of research work of the department are systematised on the basis of academic research papers, mass media publications of this department lecturers, as well as with the help of several special interviews with employees of the Institute of Journalism. The main achievements of key figures in research activities of this department are highlighted in the context of the common scientific theme of the institute: “Modern Media Studies in Educational and Scientific Discourses” and the individual research interests of the lecturers. The article provides an overview of the most important academic publications of them. A considerable attention is paid to the analysis of achievements and theoretical issues of academic research cooperation between teachers and students. The article emphasises the need to unite the efforts not only of the vast majority of Ukrainian academic researchers and educators, but also of the majority of Ukrainian society, as well as its truly pro-Ukrainian foreign partners, to reform the system of administration of research work and high education in Ukraine

Readability Affects Scientific Impact: Evidence from Emerging Technology Discourses

This study examines how the readability of scientific discourses changes over time and to what extent readability can explain scientific impact in terms of citation counts. The basis is a representative dataset of 135,502 abstracts from academic research papers pertaining to twelve technologies of different maturity. Using three different measures of readability, it is found that the language of the abstracts has become more complex over time. Across all technologies, less easily readable texts are more likely to receive at least one citation, while the effects are most pronounced for comparatively immature research streams. Among the more mature or larger discourses, the abstracts of the top 10% and 1% of the most often cited articles are significantly less readable. It remains open to what extent readability actually influences future citations and how much of the relationship is causal. If readability indeed drives citations, the results imply that scientists have an incentive to (artificially) reduce the readability of their abstracts in order to signal quality and competence to readers—both to get noticed at all and to attract more citations. This may mean a prisoner dilemma in academic (abstract) writing, where authors intentionally but unnecessarily complicate the way in which they communicate their work.

A Literature Review on Device-to-Device Data Exchange Formats for IoT Applications

Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a disruptive innovation that not only promises to transform every aspect of human activity but is driving revolutions in many fields, including but not limited to: healthcare, finance, agriculture, quality control and retail. For communicating data between connected devices in IoT ecosystem, various data exchange formats are presently in use. Determining the appropriate data format for an application plays a pivotal role in order to ensure efficient communication and reducing overheads. The intent of this literature review is to document and analyse literature relating to data exchange formats. The paper contains a systematic review of several academic research papers focused on performance evaluation and comparison of data formats. We reviewed the predominant data formats used for the purpose of data interchange and discussed the strengths, weaknesses and suitable application areas for the same.

A Corpus Analysis of Frequently Occurring Words and their Collocations in High-Impact Research Articles in Education

In research writing, the importance of formulaic sequences (FS) or collocations and the need for writers to adapt and utilise these phrasal constructions in their writing cannot be denied. However, English as a second or a foreign language (ESL/EFL) writers often have difficulty in finding the right words or phrases in writing good academic research papers due to limited vocabulary and the lack of native-like fluency. There is also the concern that they are unaware of the rhetorical structure of academic research papers, which can hamper the organization of ideas and flow of writing and lead to messy and unclear production of language. Formulaic sequences and collocations of words represent useful phrasal constructions that writers use to fluently and efficiently express their intended communicative purposes. In this regard, this study uses corpus analysis to list collocations commonly used in high-impact journals written in the field of education. The study also categorises these collocations according to their communicative purposes, referred to as moves and steps, in the rhetorical structure of the Introduction of research articles. The final list which focussed on ten node words from 40 high-impact journal articles consists of 3 to 12 word phrases found in the Introduction section of these articles. They were then categorised according to their specific functions based on an adapted Introduction Move Framework of the Create a Research Space (CARS) schema (Swales 2004) and common moves in the Introduction section of the Academic Phrasebank (Morley, 2014). Keywords: Rhetorical structure; ESL and EFL; Corpus studies; Collocations; Academic writing

Beyond Academic Career Progression, Job Enhancement and Promotion: Who are the Marketing/Management Lecturers Really Addressing in their Research Writings?

It is the mantra in the academic world to either “publish or perish”. Without publications in journals, and attendance in National and International Conferences,it is practically impossible for lecturers/tutors to proceed to the nextcareer grade or promotion especially in Nigerian tertiary institutions. The current mantra “publish or perish” drives all faculty members and lecturers towards research and publication in reputable journals. Most especially in the universities and most first generation polytechnics in Nigeria, where the value of the publication is respected when it is in refereed journals, preferably those which have achieved very high reputation. This paper is to examine the extent to which academic research papers must inform, educate, contribute to knowledge and entertain the practitioners who are engaged in either management or business lecturing. There are evidences in the western world of Europe and America especially, and particularly in Nigeria that our management and business journals are neither read nor recognized by the practitioners. Do the practitioners and government officials even read or consult our journals in Nigeria? The consequences for academics and other writers is that if our papers are not read by practitioners in the subject area is very fundamental. We can use the research papers for professional career promotion in our place of employments, but should this be the only reason? We must try to write and publish our papers to meet the demands of academically related journals and publications, which will further our careers and also to use the outlets that are likely to be read by the practitioners. It is a somewhat difficult, but not an impossible task. The evidence from this paper especially from the United Kingdom and Nigeria will lay semblance to what is obtainable in Nigeria. The readership of our work most likely are disappointingly exclusive. This paper evaluates the models of academic research writing, the sources of materials for writers and lecturers in research writing, the findings indicates that if lecturers research writings must be useful, it must involve practical facts relevant to management managers, who will invariably alter their reading habits to accommodate research writings. Managers must also contribute to conference and seminars.

IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, a Publication of DEIS

IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine is involved, together with its sponsoring society, the Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation Society (DEIS), in providing leadership, coordination, and communication among those who are concerned with dielectric phenomena and measurements and with electrical insulating materials, including their behavior as it affects their use in electrical and electronic apparatus. The Magazine is specifically concerned with publishing articles on the development and characterization of the dielectric, chemical, mechanical, and environmental properties of all vacuum, gaseous, liquid, and solid electrical insulation and with utilization of these materials in circuits and systems under conditions of use. The Magazine is not an alternative to the IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation for traditional academic research or review papers.

“Informal Settlements” a Great Threat to Uganda’s Realization of Sustainable Development: A Case Study of Slums in Kampala Capital City/Uganda

The study aimed at investigating the threat slums in Kampala are posing to Uganda’s efforts geared towards her realization of Sustainable Development by the year 2030. A qualitative document review method was adopted and used to collect data relating to the cause of sustained slum growth and expansion in Kampala city and data relating to the threat these slums are posing to Uganda’s efforts geared towards her realization of sustainable development. Newspaper articles, government reports, academic text books, private individual, and organization research papers were among the electronic documents reviewed and used as a reference in this paper. To analyze the data, interpretive and analytical methods were applied. Study results revealed that the threat posed by slum growth and expansion in Kampala ranges from environmental degradation, increasing crime rates, and moral decay to worsening groundwater vulnerability to contamination.

Automatic paper writing based on a RNN and the TextRank algorithm

Academic research is crucial to the development of science and technology and is an important factor that affects national strength. When writing an academic research paper, a rhetorical structure is typically used to present the paper’s ideas, but this task is quite difficult for junior researchers. To solve this problem, some studies have adopted text mining to assist with the writing, but the existing methods still require human intervention to generate sentences. Recently, due to the increasing maturity of deep learning technology and the ability to address the problem of automatic text generation, progress has been made in this area. The highly complex deep learning operations can correctly generate sequences and find correlations between sequences. When a user provides a few keywords and key sentences, the proposed algorithm can generate an introduction section for the user. The results show that the generated introduction is more coherent, clearer, and more fluent than existing summarization methods. In addition, the method proposed in this study improves the accuracy compared with traditional text extraction methods. The manuscript produced by this study has been evaluated to show that the study can produce a comprehensive introduction compared with previous studies.

COVID-19: what is not being addressed.

As the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases nears 27 million, there is a rush to answer (what next) and a rush to act (to solve the immediate problems of COVID-19). This paper discusses, with a specific focus on urban areas in the global South, what is missing to date from this response. That includes an identification of things that there are too much of, things that are not being done at all, and things that are unbalanced. There has been an enormous upsurge of academic research papers and opinions on COVID-19. “Technological” and “scientific” solutions tend to overshadow other approaches, even if people know that “social is important”. Based on our analysis to date, our primary concern is that there is too little understanding about the importance of building dialogue, exploring collaboration and co-producing solutions. There is too little understanding as to why social and cultural responses are important, and how the recognition that they are important can be actioned.

Reduced-Reflection Multilayer PCB Microstrip with Discontinuity Characterization

In the era of technology and communication, printed circuit boards (PCBs) can be found in a myriad of devices—from ordinary household items, to state of the art custom metrology equipment. Different types of component for wireless communications are available and come in various packages, supplied by multiple manufacturers. The signal landpads for some high-frequency connectors and components, encapsulated in larger packages, are usually wider than the controlled impedance trace, thereby introducing unwanted impedance mismatch and resulting in signal reflections. The component land pad and microstrip width a discrepancy issue can be found in both complex high-density industrial devices and system-level academic research papers. This paper addresses the topic of compensating discontinuities, introduced by signal pads, which are wider than the target impedance microstrip, characterizes the difference between the compensated and uncompensated microstrip with discontinuity, and proposes a generalized guideline on compensating for the introduced impedance change in multilayer PCBs. The compensation method is based upon carefully designing the stackup of the PCB allowing for a reference plane cutout under the discontinuity to even out the impedance mismatch. A 6-layer PCB with IT180A dielectric material containing three structures has been manufactured and characterized using an Agilent E8363B vector network analyzer (VNA). A 4–12 dB improvement in S11 response in the whole frequency range up to 10 GHz, compared to that when no compensation has been applied, was observed.

Polemic Views about the Source of Qur’ān in Medieval Christian Writings with a Reflection upon Contemporary Orientalists: A Critical Review

Before the advent of Islam, there was a strong tradition of polemic writings both among the Jews and the Christians to prove the errors of adversary. But, after the advent of Islam in general, and the conquering of Roman / Byzantine empire by the Muslims in the era of Righteous Califate in specific, due to embracing Islam by a large number of local populace, the flux of Christian polemic writing was directed towards Islam. A number of polemic writings surfaced as a resort to keep their religion alive. These writings tried to belittle all basic concepts, beliefs, and creeds of Islam, and even the personality of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), and the Holy Qur’ān. The contemporary orientalist polemic writers have claimed that there are several accounts originating from Jewish and Christian sources which tried to allegedly prove that the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was instructed by Jewish or Christian scholars in the composition of Holy Qur’ān, and to support this claim, they not only point out to certain Jewish or Christian sources, but have parroted their arguments as well, with the similar motives. With this, they have attempted to discredit Islam by raising doubts about the origin of Qur’ān. But despite of their efforts the fact remains firm that the Qur’ān has a Divine origin and was revealed by Allah Ta‘ālā unto Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). In this regard, the purpose of this article is to analyze the medieval polemic writings, their motives, and their rumination by the orientalists of the contemporary age. A critical approach is adopted in this analytical, and historical study, using published authentic data and literature including academic books, research papers, periodicals, dictionaries and reliable web sites also.

Evaluating “startup readiness” for researchers: case studies of research-based startups with biopharmaceutical research topics

For research domains such as life sciences, which pursue fundamental scientific understanding and applications intended for immediate use, academic entrepreneurship has played a pivotal role in commercialization. This paper presents an evaluation method of researchers related to user-inspired fundamental research, using global databases of startup finances and academic research papers of "startup readiness." Case studies of startups related to biopharmaceutical research topics suggest that the biopharmaceutical field has rich opportunities stemming from scientific research, commercialization, and entrepreneurship. This evaluation method sorts specific industry segments by which financing activities are active, and by which related growing research topics attract increased academic attention. We constructed networks of author citation and co-authorship from paper citation networks related to research topics in industry segments in the biopharmaceutical domain. Results obtained across all research topics we surveyed demonstrated that authors in the top 10% of degree centrality ranking in both networks are far more likely to be startup participants than other authors. Our computational approach might provide convenient, dynamic, global, and real-time understanding of the “startup readiness” of researchers working with research topics for which academic attention is emerging in actively financed biopharmaceutical fields.

Towards a New Perspective on the Heterogeneity of Business Incubator-Incubation Definitions

The term “business incubator” (BI) has become an accepted neologism among academics, practitioners, and policymakers. This is despite the lack of an agreed definition amongst scholars of what exactly constitutes a BI. Using a systematic literature review methodology, we identify and analyze definitions of BIs used in published academic research papers and practice papers over a 35-year period. In this article, we undertake a thematic analysis, using the software package NVivo, of 82 academic and 14 practice definitions used in 61 publications. Our analysis shows that definitions of BIs are constructed around three core themes: the business incubation model; the purpose of the incubator; and the target of support provided by the incubator. By identifying both consistencies and inconsistencies in existing definitions, we provide a more nuanced understanding of the heterogeneity that underlies the organizational form referred to as a BI. We conclude by proposing an agenda for further research.

BRI projects: the “rules of engagement”

PurposeThis paper establishes the “Rules of Engagement” (i.e. being “Long-Term Greedy”, adopting a “Caesar's Wife Approach” and promoting “Inclusive Growth”), which aim to strengthen the chances of success of “Belt and Road Initiative” (“BRI”) projects.Design/methodology/approachThis study deploys a case-study approach, supported by research on the economic and political development of developing countries.FindingsDespite the professed altruism of BRI projects, many of these projects have been bedevilled by corruption scandals, financial overruns and spurious accusations of them being used as politically driven “debt-traps”. These problems present an urgent need for an overarching overseer to implement the “rules of engagement” needed to enhance the prospect of long-term success in BRI projects.Originality/valueThis study is one of the few academic research papers on the BRI.