Academic Advisory Board Research Articles

SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Prevalence Among 85,529 Healthcare Workers Following the First Wave of COVID-19 in Chile

Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection, however not all face the same risk. We aimed to determine antibody prevalence and risk factors associated with seropositivity in the Chilean HCW community.Methods: This was a nationwide, cross-sectional study consisting of a questionnaire and COVID-19 antibody testing. All HCWs in the Chilean public health care system were invited to participate three to four months following the peak of the country's first wave.Findings: Overall SARS-Cov-2 blood antibody positivity by fingerstick or venipuncture in 85 529 HCWs was 7 · 2%, ranging from 1 · 6% to 12 · 4% between regions. SARS-Cov-2 positive PCR results were self-reported in 8 330 individuals (9 · 7%) of which 47% were seropositive. Overall 10 863 (12 · 7%) either reported prior PCR positive results and/or were seropositive. Several factors were independently associated with higher IRR for seropositivity, including working in hospital (IRR 1·484), medicine/surgery w ards (IRR 1·383), emergency room (IRR 1·266), and night shifts (IRR 1·616), as were history of contact with a confirmed case (IRR 1·462), and use of public transport (IRR 1·367). These variables remained significant when including self-reported PCR positive cases in the model.Interpretation: HCWs in the hospital were at highest risk for COVID-19, especially if working in medicine/surgery wards or emergency rooms, in night shifts, older age, exposed to confirmed cases and/or using public transport. Antibody results using lateral flow likely underestimated true infection rates by nearly 40-50%. Nevertheless, risk factors were sustained when adjusting for self-reported PCR positive cases.Funding: No funding institution.Conflict of Interest: Authors do not declare any conflict of interest.Ethical Approval: The study was designed in August 2020 by Health Ministry personnel in conjunction with an academicadvisory board; the study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Servicio de Salud Araucanía Sur (Nº CEC-201, August 10, 2021).

Publishing Medical Research in Pakistan; Challenges and the Way Forward

Publishing Medical Research in Pakistan; Challenges and the Way Forward

One-Year Mixed-Methods Case Study of a Community-Academic Advisory Board Addressing Childhood Obesity.

Using a community-based participatory research and systems-based approach, the purpose of this community case study is to describe the planning process and first-year experiences of community-academic advisory board (CAB) partners involved with the development of an evidence-based childhood obesity treatment program in a medically underserved region. Regional community partners ( n = 9; Pittsylvania/Danville Health District, Children's Healthcare Center, Danville Parks & Recreation, and Danville Boys & Girls Club) and academic partners ( n = 9) met monthly to select and adapt an evidence-based childhood obesity program, develop evaluation and recruitment protocols, and plan for program implementation. In the first 3 months, members developed a mixed-methods capacity evaluation, administered at 3 and 11 months following the first CAB meeting. Most capacity dimensions were rated highly and demonstrated no significant change over time. However, perceptions of trust approached a significant increase ( p = .055), the ability to resolve conflicts significantly increased ( p = .018), and participation and influ-ence perceptions significantly decreased ( p = .001). Qualitative analysis elucidated members' experiences and key facilitator and barrier themes emerged. Similarities and differences between community and academic members' experiences allowed synthesis of best practices and lessons learned. The methodological framework and best practices can inform the capacity development for new community-academic collaborations.

Mehr Transparenz in der Bildungspolitik

In a new report, the Academic Advisory Board at the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy points out that not all information sources are used to analyse and improve education policy in Germany. Here it is argued that providing information on school policy measures across federal states can create new knowledge and improve outcomes considerably.

Developments in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis during 2013 and Plans for 2014

AbstractAdvanced Synthesis & Catalysis (ASC) has enjoyed further success in 2013. A reorganization of the Editorial Office has made the editorial workflow more efficient and personal. Eleven new members on the ASC Academic Advisory Board are introduced. Growth in the Impact Factor is discussed. The numbers of submissions, printed pages and articles have increased continuously. Communications constitute half of the articles published, followed by full papers, updates, reviews, and commentaries. The proportion of manuscripts published from China and the rest of Eastern Asia has continued to increase. The number of full‐text downloads is very high and further increasing each year; China and the USA are at the front in terms of downloads of ASC articles.

Quality indicators of clinical cancer care (QC3) in colorectal cancer

ObjectivesAssessing the quality of cancer care (QoCC) has become increasingly important to providers, regulators and purchasers of care worldwide. The aim of this study was to develop evidence-based quality indicators...

Michael William Blackburn Bradbury 1930–2013

Michael William Blackburn Bradbury 1930–2013

School violence: Subjective theories of academic advisory board members from six chilean schools

This study analyzes the subjective theories regarding school violence held by six school officials of the city of Coquimbo (Chile). School violence is action carried out by a member of a school community that intends to cause harm against any member of that community. The study’s main objective is to identify and interpret the various subjective theories regarding school violence held by the school officials as well as to explore whether there is amoral dimension to their subjective theories. We are interested in the moral dimension of the problem because research has

Academic Advisory Boards' Contributions to Education and Learning: Lessons From Entrepreneurship Centers.

Advisory boards of academic centers represent an under-researched, yet unique and influential, contributor to student learning and education. We search for systematic variations among 31 academic advisory boards of entrepreneurship centers based on differences in their effort and attention. Cluster and discriminant analyses reveal that, in terms of effort, boards tend to be either a hands-off ceremonial type or more hands-on and engaged. We also find systematic differences in how boards allocate their attention, based on whether the business school has a research or teaching orientation. We further find that boards' effort and attention affect directors' preferences of the content and approach of entrepreneurship programs, gauging student learning, obstacles to board contributions, and the relative emphasis on the skills students are taught. Our article provides a foundation for a research agenda that considers the unique and influential role that advisory boards can play in enhancing student learning and education.

Academic Advisory Boards' Contributions to Education and Learning: Lessons From Entrepreneurship Centers

Academic Advisory Boards' Contributions to Education and Learning: Lessons From Entrepreneurship Centers

Major Renewal of the Editorial and Advisory Boards as Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis Begins its 2nd Decade

As Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis enters its second decade, Chris H. Senanayake and Qilin Zhou join the ASC Editorial Board, chaired by Ryoji Noyori. A turnover on the ASC Advisory Boards was also needed, in order that the journal remain fresh and innovative. Therefore after 10 years, there has been a renewal of over half of the members of the ASC Industrial and Academic Advisory Boards. The new members are top chemists in the younger generation, who promise to be the pioneers and leaders of the next decade. In its first decade, ASC has had a steady increase in printed pages and in impact; it is still on the upward slope of it life curve. It is the goal of the new Editorial and Advisory Boards, and a strengthened Editorial Office, to maintain the journal′s position of leadership by continuing to be a prestigious address for the publication of the seminal work in the field of (green) synthesis and catalysis.

Exciting New Directions in Electrochemistry: Honoring 2008 Wolf Prize Recipient Allen J. Bard

Exciting New Directions in Electrochemistry: Honoring 2008 Wolf Prize Recipient Allen J. Bard

Silver Bullet Talks with Virgil Gligor

Gary McGraw interviews Virgil Gligor, a professor in Carnegie Mellon University's (CMU) Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. He's also codirector of CyLab (www.cylab.cmu.edu). Gligor serves on Microsoft's Trusted Computing Academic Advisory Board and has consulted with Burroughs and IBM. Gligor has served on many government information security study groups and served on the National Research Council's Panel on Information Security.

Why <i>GSP</i>?

Why GSP? Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal (GSP) is the official journal of the International Association of Genocide Scholars (IAGS) and is published by the University of Toronto Press through a partnership of the IAGS and the International Institute for Genocide and Human Rights Studies (A Division of the Zoryan Institute) (IIGHRS). The two organizations share a deep commitment to the study and prevention of the genocide of all peoples. GSP’s mission is to understand the phenomenon of genocide, create an awareness of it as an ongoing scourge, and promote the necessity of preventing it, for both pragmatic and moral reasons. The journal seeks to educate, inform, and encourage new generations of scholars to conduct research on genocide and provide a forum for those who wish to work toward preventing it. This interdisciplinary, peerreviewed journal will stress that genocide is a universal human experience; to that end, it will publish scholarly articles and reviews on all aspects of genocide and will welcome, in particular, comparative analyses and articles on the prevention of genocide. We feel a sense of urgency in a world where, in the aftermath of the Holocaust, the slogan ‘‘never again’’ was coined, yet since 1945 we have seen the mass slaughter of Bengalis, Cambodians, Rwandans, Bosnians, Kosovars, and Darfuris, to name only a few. During the same period, the destruction of indigenous peoples has been less visible, but ongoing. We believe strongly that research, analysis, education, and awareness are necessary to help civil societies, governments, and policy makers understand the consequences of the failure to prevent genocide and other gross violations of human rights in a world in which, today, some 100 million people live outside their countries of birth due to forced displacement. We recognize that the promise of genocide prevention explicit in our title is very ambitious. How do we prevent genocide from happening? No single step will change the world, but we believe that through careful research and reasoned argument, governments and policy makers can be persuaded to expand their concept of national interest to include the prevention of genocide. We further believe that for governments and policy makers to have the political will to enforce the international laws and conventions on genocide through intervention and prevention, they must be held accountable by their informed constituencies. It is through education and awareness that people are made to understand their responsibility to hold their governments accountable in this regard. While awareness is a first step to the prevention of genocide, cognitive awareness is not enough. In our ever-shrinking world, where there is ever-increasing competition for land and the basic resources for life, the conditions for violent conflict are ever greater. We feel that the key failure of human society has been the failure to adopt life itself as the central value of all human decision making. Our journal will strive to generate innovative research on all aspects of the causes, dynamics, outcomes, and colossal consequences and implications of the policies we adopt regarding the choices between preserving and harming human life. Genocide is a man-made catastrophe, and, as such, it can be prevented by mankind. This journal sets its sights on new ideas for the prevention of genocidal death-making. Genocide Studies and Prevention will be particularly open to contributions that go beyond safe, approved, and established paradigms of scholarship and science. It will be open to the unusual, the daring, and the courageous. At the same time, such thinking needs to be anchored responsibly to the norms and safeguards of established academic and scientific disciplines. We hope this journal will provide an effective forum for creative thinking on all aspects of genocide studies, serve to raise awareness of genocide, and promote the prevention of genocide with ideas that are both visionary and practical. Israel W. Charny President, International Association of Genocide Scholars Chair, Joint Journal Committee of IAGS and IIGHRS Roger W. Smith Chair, Academic Advisory Board, International Institute for Genocide and Human Rights Studies Past President, International Association of Genocide Scholars Genocide Studies and Prevention 1:1 July 2006 ii ...

Opening Access to Cell Biology

In October 2003, the inaugural issue of PLoS Biology hit desktops everywhere—demonstrating the power of open-access scientific publishing. Our hopes for our flagship journal were borne out with the publication of several articles (including [ 1, 2]) that captured the public and scientific imagination, triggering both widespread press coverage and impressive numbers of downloads and citations since their publication. We were obviously pleased by this response, but we were not surprised by it. Papers published by PLoS Biology are distributed under the Creative Commons Open Access license, which means they are immediately available online, free of charge, with no restriction on their use (as long as the original authors receive appropriate attribution). As a result, our papers are more accessible [ 3], more usable [ 4, 5], and, given initial evidence, more likely to be used than papers published under the conventional licensing schemes employed by subscription-only, pay-for-access journals. This initial success of PLoS Biology is a practical validation of our raison d'etre: to make primary research materials a public resource. The public (and public interests) pays for most of it, you do the work and write the papers, and everyone—you, your colleagues, your students, patients, and neighbors—should be able to use and benefit from the efforts they helped underwrite. The U.S. government and major funding agencies worldwide agree; since the launch of PLoS Biology, the NIH has started asking its funded researchers to deposit their work in public databases [ 6], while institutions such as the Wellcome Trust [ 7] and Howard Hughes [ 8] have enacted policies supporting open access to the scientific literature. In response, the scientific publishing industry is beginning to accommodate demands for open access. For example, The Journal of Cell Biology is complying with NIH requirements by making its articles freely available six months after publication [ 9]. Still others, such as Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, now offer a hybrid publication model, which allows authors to choose to have their work made available immediately upon publication [ 10]. We made a strategic decision that positioning PLoS Biology in direct competition with the most prestigious journals out there would improve public access to scientific material. This strategy is paying off. Although PLoS Biology is still in its infancy, we are now ranked as the leading general biology journal (with a preliminary ISI impact factor of 13.9), and we remain committed to publishing the best research in the biological sciences. Over the two years that we've been in business, we've accumulated a catalog of papers from across the spectrum of biological research: from molecular to whole organism, from empirical to theoretical, and from established fields such as cell biology and ecology to recently emerging disciplines such as systems biology, bioinformatics, and proteomics. In the PLoS Biology Cell Biology collection, available at http://www.plosbiology.org/cellbiology/, we highlight some of the seminal work we've published in cell biology and related fields, including primary research papers on stem cells, hair development, endocytosis and exocytosis, cohesins, and the cytoskeleton. Some of the authors of these papers chose to publish in PLoS Biology because they believe in open access; others decided to do it because they just wanted to publish in a great journal. You'll also find other types of articles in this supplement. Each research paper we publish is accompanied by a lay synopsis written by a science writer and approved by the paper's authors. Synopses add value to work published in PLoS Biology by making the research more accessible to students, scientists from other fields, and the public at large. Primers serve as an introduction to a complicated subject: the three primers in this supplement explore stem cell biology; for example, one accompanied the recent publication of Rendl et al.'s manuscript on hair follicle development. These primers are already being used in classrooms and lectures around the world. Finally, you'll find an essay written by one of our editorial board members—Dr. Tom Misteli—who describes his viewpoint on an important direction in aging research. We hope you find the research papers and other journal offerings in this collection interesting and useful. This collection is by no means the complete cell biology content of our journal, but we think these materials do a great job of demonstrating the value that PLoS Biology provides, which is a direct result of the efforts and commitment of our academic advisory board members and our authors. We hope that you will be inspired to read PLoS Biology regularly (you can sign up for regular eTOC alerts at http://admin.co.allenpress.com/admin/plosonline/webusers/public/form). We also hope that when it comes time to publish your best work, you'll consider PLoS. You'll be in good company!

Zen and Philosophy: An Intellectual Biography of Nishida Kitaro (review)

Reviewed by: Zen and Philosophy: An Intellectual Biography of Nishida Kitarō John C. Maraldo (bio) Zen and Philosophy: An Intellectual Biography of Nishida Kitarō. By Michiko Yusa. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu, 2002. xxvi, 482 pages. $62.00, cloth; $29.95, paper. Nishida Kitarō (1870-1945) is considered the most important, and perhaps the most original, Japanese philosopher in the post-Meiji period. Indeed, he is widely regarded as the first truly Japanese philosopher, if philosophy names the traditionally Western discipline of rational inquiry that was introduced to Japan in the 1870s and if originality of thought counts as the measure of a true philosopher. Those who judge Nishida to be Japan's first and most important philosopher commonly detect his originality in his infusion of insights from Zen experience into a rational account of the world, an infusion that transformed the Western discipline by opening it to a new source. The title and tenor of Michiko Yusa's illuminating book, the first comprehensive biography of Nishida in a non-Japanese language,1 reflect this judgment while not pretending to establish it. The very first sentence in her book reads, "Nishida Kitarō defined for the Japanese what it means to philosophize" (p. xv), and is followed by introductory sections on "Meiji: A Unique Historical Juncture," "Zen and Philosophy," and "Philosophy Beyond Zen." The question of source, however, is not so simple. The copious documentation of Yusa's work makes it evident that Nishida's philosophical predecessors and contemporaries served as sources of his contributions as much as did his personal engagement with Zen Buddhism, and that as often as not a palpable tension held sway between Nishida's life experiences and his philosophical writing. The biography also exposes in great detail another layer of sources and transformations: the historical circumstances that "swept Japan into the vortex of world history" (p.4) and world war, and Nishida's involvement in and interpretation of the plan for a new world order. [End Page 223] Yusa's work is unmistakably, if implicitly, a defense of Nishida as leader of the Kyoto School against the charge of nationalism and complicity in Japanese expansionism. Indeed, this biography seems to situate Nishida's writings, a series of highly abstract philosophical investigations, between his personal Zen experience and his public life. A perusal of Yusa's quotations from Nishida's letters and diary indicates the tension Nishida himself often felt between the philosophical writing at the heart of his endeavors and the demands of private Zen practice and family life in his early career, or of politics later on. Although Nishida's political life and writings, as this biography demonstrates, developed rather late and reluctantly, we might address them first here. They are as strong a reason for his fame today as the mass of his philosophical work. Nishida was a formidable intellectual whom historians of post-Meiji Japan cannot overlook. As a professor in elite higher schools and at Kyoto Imperial University, he had students who eventually became government officials and introduced others to him; his growing reputation as Japan's premier philosopher brought them back for counsel and support. He had once wanted to live as a "totally private man" (p.216), a "total recluse" (p.221), but from the mid-1930s until the end of his life, public figures continually sought his advice concerning education and Japan's role in a new world order. Ministers of education persuaded him to serve on committees and academic advisory boards; Prime Minister Konoe Ayamaru consulted but also tried to avoid him; members of the Diet, university presidents, and naval officers summoned and listened to him, at least perfunctorily. He gave public lectures on national issues and wrote political tracts on the "Problem of Japanese Culture" (1940), the "Reason for the State's Existence" (1941), the "Principle of the New World Order" and "Tradition" (1943), and "Kokutai" (1944). He received Japan's Cultural Medal in 1940 and accepted the honor of delivering the New Year's lecture to the emperor in 1941. Most of this, if we are to believe statements in his private letters and diary, he considered a diversion or even distraction from his real...

Strategic innovation: Constantinos Markides on strategy and management

Executive Overview Constantinos Markides is Professor of Strategic and International Management and Chairman of the Strategy Department at the London Business School. A native of Cyprus, he received his B.A. (with distinction) and M.A. in economics from Boston University, and his M.B.A. and D.B.A. from Harvard Business School. He has worked as an associate with the Cyprus Development Bank and as a research associate at the Harvard Business School. Dr. Markides has published on the topics of strategic innovation, corporate restructuring, refocusing and international acquisitions. His book Diversification. Refocusing and Economic Performance, was published by MIT Press in 1995, and All the Right Moves: A Guide to Crafting Breakthrough Strategy, was published by Harvard Business School Press in 1999. A third book, based on a special issue on strategy of Sloan Management Review which he edited, will be published by Jossey-Bass next year. His publications have also appeared in such journals as Harvard Business Review, Sloan Management Review, Directors & Boards, Leader to Leader, Long Range Planning, Business Strategy Review, British Journal of Management, Journal of International Business Studies, Strategic Management Journal and the Academy of Management Journal. He has taught in many in-company programs and is on the Academic Advisory Board of the Cyprus International Institute of Management. He is also a non-executive director of Amathus (U.K.) Ltd., a tour operating company. He is the associate editor of European Management Journal and is on the editorial board of Strategic Management Journal and The Academy of Management Journal. Dr. Markides is a member of the Academy of Management and the Strategic Management Society and is a Fellow of the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. His current research interests include the management of diversified firms and the use of innovation and creativity to achieve strategic breakthroughs.

Immunofluorescence of the skin in gold rashes - with particular reference to IgE.

Immunofluorescence studies have been carried out on rashes from 36 patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving gold therapy. 24 of the rashes were clinically attributed to gold and 12 were diagnosed as coincidental rashes. IgE was found in 6 of the gold rashes and in 4 of the coincidental rashes. Immunofluorescence changes of immune complex vasculitis, lichen planus, or pemphigoid were found in 9 gold rashes while 2 coincidental rashes showed vascular fluorescence for immunoglobulins but nor for complement. Two definite gold rashes showing no changes on immunofluorescence showed perivascular infiltration with lymphocytes on light microscopy. Thus, while immunofluorescence is only marginally helpful in the diagnoses of gold rashes, evidence of an immunological reaction tends to favour a diagnosis of a gold-induced rash.