Academia Sinica Research Articles

Abstract 327: EpCAM/EpEX regulate tumor progression through EGFR signaling in colon cancer cells

Abstract Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is highly expressed in advanced epithelial cancers and tumor-initiated cells (TICs), but its roles in cancer progression remain to be elucidated. Here, we showed that the extracellular domain of EpCAM (EpEX) could bind to EGFR through EGF-like domain I, and subsequently activated its downstream molecules, ERK1/2 and Akt. EGFR inhibitor and knockdown of EGFR by shRNA ablated EpEX-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP) of EpCAM was induced similarly by EpEX and EGF through EGFR-dependent activation of ERK pathway. MEK inhibitor, U0126, could abolish ADAM17 and PS2 phosphorylation induced by EpEX. EpAb2-6, an anti-EpEX neutralizing monoclonal antibody, inhibits EpEX-activated EGFR-PI3K-AKT pathway in detached colon cancer cells. Moreover, intracellular domain of EpCAM (EpICD), the product of RIP-induced cleavage of EpCAM, is necessary for nuclear accumulation of β-catenin, and their target gene expressions in vitro and in mouse xenograft models. We also found that an increase of nuclear EpICD observed in CRCs predicted metastasis and poor prognosis in CRC patients. Finally, in animal model studies, EpAb2-6 therapy exhibited an enhanced antitumor effect and markedly extended the survival time of mice with human colorectal cancer in metastatic and orthotopic models. These results demonstrate that EpEX works as a growth factor in activating EGFR-mediated signaling, and as a potential target for treatment of colon cancer. This research was supported by grants from Academia Sinica and Ministry of Science and Technology [MOST 104-0210-01-09-02,MOST 105-0210-01-13-01], and the National Science Council (NSC103-2321-B-001-064), Taiwan (to H-C Wu). Citation Format: Kang-Hao Liang, Jun-Kai Lai, I-I Kuan, Hsien-Cheng Tso, Han-Chung Wu. EpCAM/EpEX regulate tumor progression through EGFR signaling in colon cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 327. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-327

Environmental Governance in Taiwan: A New Generation of Activists and Stakeholders, by Simona A. Grano. London: Routledge, 2015. viii+205 pp. £90.00 (cloth).

Previous articleNext article No AccessReviewsEnvironmental Governance in Taiwan: A New Generation of Activists and Stakeholders, by Simona A. Grano. London: Routledge, 2015. viii+205 pp. £90.00 (cloth).Paul JobinPaul JobinInstitute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, Taiwan Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The China Journal Volume 78July 2017 Published on behalf of the Australian Centre on China in the World at the Australian National University Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/691666 Views: 100Total views on this site For permission to reuse, please contact [email protected]PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

МЕТОДЫ ОЦЕНОК КОРОТКИХ СУММ КЛООСТЕРМАНА

This survey contains enlarged version of a mini-course which was read by the author in November 2015 during “Chinese - Russian workshop of exponential sums and sumsets”. This workshop was organized by professors Chaohua Jia (Institute of Mathematics, Academia Sinica) and Ke Gong (Henan University) in Academy of Mathematics and System Science, CAS (Beijing). The author is warmly grateful to them for the support and hospitality. The survey contains the Introduction, three parts and Conclusion. The basic definitions and results concerning the complete Kloosterman sums are given in the Introduction. The method of estimating of incomplete Kloosterman sums to moduli equal to the raising power of a fixed prime is described in the first part. This method is based on one idea of A. G. Postnikov which reduces the estimate of such sums to the estimate of the exponential sums with polynomial by I. M. Vinogradov’s mean value theorem. A. A. Karatsuba’s method of estimating of incomplete sums to an arbitrary moduli is described in the second part. This method is based on a very precise estimate of the number of solutions of one symmetric congruence involving inverse residues to a given modulus. This estimate plays the same role in thie problems under considering as Vinogradov’s mean value theorem in the estimating of corresponding exponential sums. The method of J. Bourgain and M. Z. Garaev is described in the third part. This method is based on very deep “sum-product estimate” and on the improvement of A. A. Karatsuba’s bound for the number of solutions of symmetric congruence. The Conclusion contains a series of recent results concerning the estimates of short Kloosterman sums.

Family Labor Supply and the Timing of Cash Transfers

Tzu-Ting Yang (ttyang{at}econ.sinica.edu.tw) Tzu-Ting Yang is an Assistant Research Fellow/Assistant Professor at Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica. The author would like to thank Joshua Gottlieb, Kevin Milligan, Thomas Lemieux, and Marit Rehavi for their guidance and support.

Chang P’eng-yüan (Zhang Pengyuan), Cong minquan dao weiquan. Sun Zhongshan di xunzheng sixiang yu zhuanzhe jian lun dangren jizhi shushi (From tutelage to authoritarianism: Sun Yat-sen’s thoughts on tutelage, its transformation, and the accomplishmen

At age 80, a reputed historian with Taiwan’s Academia Sinica, Chang P’eng-yuan, has turned his back on the Sun Yat-sen cult that had been instilled into him from primary school onwards, to now read or reread the body of works of the father of the nation in order to arrive at a personal impression. An amazing enterprise, as for decades Sun Yat-sen’s thoughts and legacy have been the subject of unconditional admiration and respect on the part of Chinese authorities and historians, whereas the W...

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Plant Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1

Journal of Plant Studies wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.Journal of Plant Studies is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/reviewer and e-mail the completed application form to jps@ccsenet.org.Reviewers for Volume 6, Number 1Adriana F. Sestras, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, RomaniaAna Simonovic, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", SerbiaArthur T. O. Melo, College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, University of New Hampshire, United StatesBing Wang, Iowa State University, United StatesChrystian Iezid Maia e Almeida Feres, Tocantins Federal University, BrazilHoma Mahmoodzadeh, Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, IranKinga Kostrakiewicz-Gieralt, Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, PolandKirandeep Kaur Mani, California seed and Plant Labs, Pleasant Grove, CA, United States of AmericaMalgorzata Pietrowska-Borek, Poznan University of Life Sciences, PolandMartina Pollastrini, University of Florence, ItalyMassimo Zacchini, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), ItalyMelekber Sulusoglu, Arslanbey Vocational School Kocaeli University, TurkeyMontaser Fawzy Abdel-Monaim, Plant Pathology Res. Instatute, Agric. Res. Center, EgyptPanagiotis Madesis, Institiute of Applied Biosciences (CE.R.T.H.)/INAB, GreecePeter R. Greene, BGKT Consulting Ltd. Huntington, New York 11743, United StatesRosana Noemi Malpassi, Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto, ArgentinaSaid Laarabi, University Mohammed V/Ministry of National Education, MoroccoSlawomir Borek, Adam Mickiewicz University, PolandSuheb Mohammed, University of Virginia, United StatesVikas Mishra, Paher University, IndiaXiaomin Wu, Loyola University Chicago, United StatesYa-Yi Huang, Institution of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taiwan

Apolipoprotein A1 rs5070 A/G polymorphism with stroke subtypes in Taiwan

BackgroundApolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) is a structural protein of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ApoA1 is involved in lipid and cholesterol metabolism. This study evaluated the association of ApoA1 polymorphism (rs5070) with different stroke subtypes in Taiwanese individuals. MethodsA total of 2139 cases, including 614 controls and 708 large artery atherosclerosis (LAA), 377 small-vessel occlusion, and 440 hypertensive intracranial hemorrhage cases, were enrolled in this study. ApoA1 polymorphism was genotyped through polymerase chain reaction amplification and then subjected to mass-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry using a Bruker SNP genotyping system in the National Center for Genome Medicine (Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; http://ncgm.sinica.edu.tw/). ResultsThe frequency of ApoA1 rs5070 dominant genotype (AA vs. AG+GG) was not significantly different among LAA, small-vessel occlusion, and hypertensive intracranial hemorrhage groups compared with that of the control group. Compared with diabetic patients with the AA allele, those with the AG+GG allele of ApoA1 rs5070 polymorphism showed a 1.58-fold likelihood of developing LAA (odds ratio=1.58; 95% confidence interval=1.00–2.42; p=0.046), but not small-vessel occlusion or hypertensive intracranial hemorrhage. In male diabetic patients, the odds ratio increased to 1.90-fold. ConclusionOur findings suggested that genetic polymorphisms of ApoA1 rs5070 A/G may play a role in the susceptibility to LAA among male diabetic patients.

A new borenium Lewis acid catalyst

Oxazaborolidines are boron-based Lewis acids with a bicyclic nitrogen-boron-oxygen core that are known for being efficient chiral catalysts. In particular, they are useful in facilitating enantioselective Diels-Alder cycloadditions and an array of other types of addition reactions—part of the standard repertoire of organic synthesis. A research team in Taiwan has now added a new twist to these borenium catalysts by replacing nitrogen with sulfur (Org. Lett. 2016, DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03147). Inspired by earlier work on oxazaborolidines, Singam Naveen Kumar and Rong-Jie Chein of Academia Sinica and Isaac Furay Yu of National Taiwan University reasoned that sulfur, which is a weaker electron donor than nitrogen, should increase the Lewis acidity of the central boron atom and offer new synthesis opportunities. The resulting oxathiaborolium, which is no easier to say or spell than its predecessor, indeed facilitates enantioselective Diels-Alder reactions, such as the cycloaddition of cyclopentadiene with various acrylates and cyclic enones. But

Introduction to the Forums

Introduction to the Forums Chih-ming Wang (bio) and Yu-Fang Cho (bio) Contributors to these forums come from a wide range of positions and concerns, but all attempt to engage and reorient American studies through the intertwined vectors of the Chinese factor and the transpacific. Though the first forum is oriented toward the question of transpacific methodology and the second forum focuses more on the historical and contemporary US–China dynamics, they do intersect and complement each other to consider how to reframe the global in American studies: by linking sites seemingly detached and far away from each other, undoing the diplomatic discourses of friendship and partnership, deconstructing our ways of knowing and desiring, and building a transpacific perspective into the remaking of America and the world. As a whole, they articulate American studies into transpacific alliances of knowledge and politics, and urge us to carry on antiimperialist and anticapitalist work from spaces of solidarity. [End Page 469] Chih-ming Wang Chih-ming Wang Chihming Wang is visiting research fellow at China Academy of Art, Hangzhou, China, and associate research fellow at the Institute of European and American Studies, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. He is the author of Transpacific Articulations: Student Migration and the Remaking of Asian America (University of Hawai’i Press, 2013); coeditor of Precarious Belongings: Affect and Nationalism in Asia (Rowman and Littlefield International, 2017); and guest editor of the “Asian American Studies in Asia” special issue for InterAsia Cultural Studies (June 2012). His research focuses on Asian American literature and cultural studies in transpacific and inter-Asian contexts. His articles have appeared in American Quarterly, Amerasia Journal, Cultural Studies, positions, and Chinese America: History and Perspectives. Yu-Fang Cho Yu-Fang Cho Yu-Fang Cho is associate professor of English and a core faculty member of the Department of Global and Intercultural Studies at Miami University. She is the author of Uncoupling American Empire: Cultural Politics of Deviance and Unequal Difference, 1890–1910 (State University of New York Press, 2013) and articles in American Quarterly, Transnational American Studies, Amerasia Journal, Journal of Asian American Studies, and Meridians: Feminism, Race, Transnationalism, among others. She has received fellowships from the Bancroft Library, the Huntington Library, the Pacific Rim Research Program at the University of California, the Institute of Global Conflict and Cooperation at the University of California, and the National Research Institute for the Humanities and Social Sciences in Taiwan. Her current book project investigates the relationship between race, reproductive justice, and nuclearism in America’s Asia Pacific. Copyright © 2017 The American Studies Association

The Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica during the Anti-Japanese War

The Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica during the Anti-Japanese War

A Report on the International Conference in Honor of Professor Tseng Yong-Yih (Zeng Yongyi), Taipei, Taiwan, 2016

A REPORT ON THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IN HONOR OF PROFESSOR TSENG YONG-YIH (ZENG YONGYI), TAIPEI, TAIWAN, 2016 WILT L. IDEMA Harvard University, USA On April 22 and 23, 2016, the Department of Chinese of National Taiwan University (NTU) organized a conference, Zeng Yongyi xiansheng xueshu chengjiu yu xinchuan guoji xueshu yantao hui 曾永義先生學術成就與薪傳國際學術研討會, in honor of the academic achievements of Professor Tseng Yong-yih (Zeng Yongyi 曾永義). Professor Tseng, who recently was elected a member of the Academia Sinica, has been an overarching presence in the study of traditional Chinese drama and popular literature for over 40 years now. He started his academic career at National Taiwan University where he obtained his M.A. in 1967 with a thesis on Changsheng dian 長生殿 (The palace of lasting life) and his Ph.D. in 1971 with a dissertation on the zaju 雜劇 of the Ming dynasty. Retained at National Taiwan University, he taught there for many decades. Upon his retirement he continued to teach at Shixin University in Taipei. He supervised over 170 M.A. and Ph.D. theses, and many of his students went on to leading positions in the field, becoming eminent scholars in their own right. Eighteen of them paid tribute to the transformative influence of their teacher in issue 371 (volume 31, issue 11, April 2016) of Guowen tiandi 國文天地 (The world of Chinese). Many foreign scholars have benefitted from his teaching and advice. Starting from the late 1970s, Professor Tseng has published prolifically—the list of his books and articles compiled on the occasion of this conference runs to over 20 pages. Apart from his academic works, Professor Tseng also published several volumes of essays on a variety of topics, and since the 1990s he also manifested himself as a productive and at times quite successful playwright, producing scripts for Kunqu 崑曲 and other theatrical genres. There is no indication that Professor Tseng plans to slow down: the conference participants not only received copies of his collected dramatic works in two volumes (Pengying wunong 蓬瀛五弄 and Pengying xunong 蓬瀛續弄), but also the first hefty volume (752 pages) of his Xiquxue 戲曲學 (Studies in Chinese indigenous theater), which is planned to run to four volumes. In the years that scholarship from the PRC was still suffused by the “vulgar Marxism” of the day, Professor Tseng’s publications were a breath of fresh air as they were always based on an intimate knowledge of the primary sources, wide reading in secondary scholarship, and original thought, whether he was dealing with matters of detail or drawing general lines of development. Throughout his CHINOPERL: Journal of Chinese Oral and Performing Literature: 35. 2 (December 2016): 176–178© The Permanent Conference on Chinese Oral and Performing Literature, Inc. 2016 DOI 10.1080/01937774.2016.1242831 career he not only published a continuous stream of specialized articles, but also general surveys and anthologies to meet the need of students. While his main field of interest was and is traditional drama from its earliest beginnings to the present, he also became a leading scholar in the field of traditional popular literature after he had been invited to catalog the holdings in popular literature at the Fu Ssu-nien Library of the Academia Sinica. While the detailed catalog he and his students compiled has still not been published, this work did result in the extremely useful Su wenxue gailun 俗文學概論 (Survey of popular literature) of 2003. But teaching and writing has only been one aspect of Professor Tseng’s activities. He has spent considerable time abroad as a visiting scholar at Harvard, Ann Arbor, Hong Kong, Stanford, Bochum, and Leiden. During his 1978 stay at Harvard as a Harvard-Yenching Visiting Fellow he attended a lecture in which a speaker argued that Taiwanese culture and American culture soon would be indistinguishable because of the huge American impact on local culture. This stimulated him in the 1980s to become an activist in the preservation and revitalizing of local cultural traditions. In this context he also led his students in doing fieldwork on traditional drama in Taiwan; he also became involved in the teaching of traditional Chinese drama. In the 1990s he became a leading figure in studying traditional drama in the PRC and establishing...

Academic Independence and Its Limitation: A Reexamination of the Election and Appointment of President of Academia Sinica in 1940

Academic Independence and Its Limitation: A Reexamination of the Election and Appointment of President of Academia Sinica in 1940

A Conversation with Jeff Wu

Chien-Fu Jeff Wu was born January 15, 1949, in Taiwan. He earned a B.Sc. in Mathematics from National Taiwan University in 1971, and a Ph.D. in Statistics from the University of California, Berkeley in 1976. He has been a faculty member at the University of Wisconsin, Madison (1977–1988), the University of Waterloo (1988–1993), the University of Michigan (1995–2003; department chair 1995–8) and currently is the Coca-Cola Chair in Engineering Statistics and Professor in the H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology. He is known for his work on the convergence of the EM algorithm, resampling methods, nonlinear least squares, sensitivity testing and industrial statistics, including design of experiments, robust parameter design and computer experiments, and has been credited for coining the term “data science” as early as 1997. Jeff has received several awards, including the COPSS Presidents’ Award (1987), the Shewhart Medal (2008), the R. A. Fisher Lectureship (2011) and the Deming Lecturer Award (2012). He is an elected member of Academia Sinica (2000) and the National Academy of Engineering (2004), and has received many other awards and honors including an honorary doctorate from the University of Waterloo. Jeff has supervised 45 Ph.D. students to date, many of whom are active researchers in the statistical sciences. He has published more than 170 peer-reviewed articles and two books. He was the second Editor of Statistica Sinica (1993–96). Jeff married Susan Chang in 1979, and they have two children, Emily and Justin. This conversation took place in Atlanta, Georgia, on April 21, 2015.

Singapore Success: New Model Helps Forecast Dengue Outbreaks.

The island city-state of Singapore reported a record 2,441 cases of dengue fever in January 2016, 1 triggered by all-time-high temperatures in the preceding weeks. 2 , 3 Singapore is a potential hotbed for the widespread disease thanks to its tropical climate and highly urbanized environment. But it’s also a leader in mitigating the spread of dengue virus through an advanced mosquito control program, 4 aided in the past 3 years by a sophisticated model to forecast dengue outbreaks. 5

Introduction to the Feature Issue on nanophotonics.

This feature issue is a partial collection of contributions from authors who presented their research at the 9th International Conference on Nanophotonics (ICNP 2016) held during March 21-25, 2016 at Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. ICNP is an independent conference series dedicated to nanophotonics research and applications. This feature issue collects 28 papers related to research presented at ICNP 2016.

Risk of cancer in patients with polycystic kidney disease: a propensity-score matched analysis of a nationwide, population-based cohort study

Data for the risk of any solid cancer in patients with polycystic kidney disease are scarce. Therefore, we did a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan to establish the risk of cancer in patients with polycystic kidney disease without either chronic kidney disease or end-stage renal disease. From inpatient claims of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, we included patients aged 20 years and older and diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease between January, 1998 and December, 2010, in the polycystic kidney disease cohort. Patients with a history of cancer, a history of chronic kidney disease or of end-stage renal disease (recorded from the Registry of Catastrophic Illness Patient Database) were excluded. For each patient with polycystic kidney disease, one patient aged older than 20 years with no history of polycystic kidney disease or cancer was randomly selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database, matched 1:1 on the basis of the propensity score calculated by logistic regression, and was included in the control non-polycystic kidney disease cohort. The follow-up period for each patient was estimated from the index date to the date of diagnosis of cancer, or the patient was censored due to withdrawal from the insurance programme (eg, death, immigration, or imprisonment) or on Dec 31, 2011. The primary outcome of interest was a diagnosis of cancer during a 14-year follow-up period. The risk of cancer was represented as a hazard ratio (HR) calculated in Cox proportional hazard regression models. 4346 patients with polycystic kidney disease and 4346 without were enrolled in the study. The median follow-up period in the polycystic kidney disease cohort was 3·72 years (IQR 1·25-7·31) and in the non-polycystic kidney disease cohort was 4·96 years (2·29-8·38). The overall incidence of cancer was higher in the polycystic kidney disease cohort than in the control cohort (20·1 [95% CI 18·3-21·9] per 1000 person-years vs 10·9 [10·1-11·8] per 1000 person-years; crude hazard ratio (HR) 1·77 [95% CI 1·52-2·07]; HR adjusted for age, sex, frequency of medical visits, and comorbidities was 1·83 [1·57-2·15]). The specific risks (adjusted subhazard ratios) were significantly higher in the polycystic kidney disease cohort than that in the non-polycystic kidney disease cohort for liver cancer (1·49 [95% CI 1·04-2·13]; p=0·030), colon cancer (1·63 [1·15-2·30]; p=0·006), and kidney cancer (2·45 [1·29-4·65]; p=0·006). To our knowledge, this is the first report of the association of polycystic kidney disease without end-stage renal disease with the risk of liver, colon, and kidney cancer. Health-care professionals should be aware of this risk, when treating patients with polycystic kidney disease. Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare Clinical Trial and Research Center of Excellence, Academia Sinica Taiwan Biobank, Stroke Biosignature Project, NRPB Stroke Clinical Trial Consortium, Tseng-Lien Lin Foundation, Taiwan Brain Disease Foundation, Katsuzo and Kiyo Aoshima Memorial Funds, China Medical University Hospital, and Taiwan Ministry of Education.

New species of Dictyochaeta and Wardomyces from soil

Three new species, Dictyochaeta brachysetula, D. chinensis, and Wardomyces microsporus from soil in China, are described and illustrated. The type specimens (dried cultures) and living cultures are deposited in the Herbarium of Shandong Agricultural University, Plant Pathology (HSAUP), and the Herbarium of Institute of Microbiology, Academia Sinica (HMAS).

Enhanced thermoelectric power in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers

This paper was supported by the Funding Program for the Next Generation of World-Leading Researchers and Grantsin- Aid from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) (Grants No. 16K13618, No. 26107533, No. 26102012, and No. 25000003) (T.T.) and the Leading Graduate Program in Science and Engineering, Waseda University from MEXT (J.P. and K.K.). J.P. was also supported by the Research Fellowship for Young Scientists from JSPS. L.J.L. acknowledges support from KAUST (Saudi Arabia), the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Taiwan Consortium of Emergent Crystalline, Academia Sinica, and the Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development (AOARD)-134137 (USA). H.O. was supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science-Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (JSPS-KAKENHI) (Grants No. 25246023 and No. 25106007) and the Asahi Glass Foundation. This paper was also supported in part by the Network Joint Research Center for Materials and Devices. S.O. was supported by JSPS-KAKENHI (Grants No. 25246010, No. 16H00898, and No. 16H06331).

An automatic key medical information generating model

Present-day society shows keen interest in the field of medical treatment, and the diagnostic mode is now developing toward doctor–patient shared decision-making. Therefore, a patient׳s source of medical information is quite important, with that source needing to be reliable, accurate, and easily accessible. Ensuring that informational sources meet these requirements becomes a challenge with the development of the informational network, which causes the amount of material available online to steadily increase and the general public to become more aware of health- and medical-treatment-related information. Therefore, focusing on the medical information seeker, this paper will discuss two user identities: patients and healthcare professionals. For patients, online medical articles are a major source of medical information; patients with concerns about diseases often search for their symptoms on the Internet and look for related medical information. However, online medical articles are usually long, so patients sometimes self-diagnose their disease or determine the severity of their condition based on only part of an article or on limited, incomplete, or even inaccurate information in several articles related to the symptoms searched out. Consequently, patients may misdiagnose their condition or underestimate the severity or seriousness of the condition and delay treatment. In addition, present medical technology advances rapidly, so physicians and other healthcare professionals must obtain the latest medical information from the Internet. However, searching for and reading professional in-depth medical articles to find required, critical information online is time-consuming, creating a time-management challenge.To address these aforementioned problems, this paper develops an Automatic Key Medical Information Generating model, uses medical articles as the basis of analysis, and develops and designs a medical article key-information-generating methodology applicable to medical article retrieval and reading. The word segmentation is implemented for the articles according to the Chinese Knowledge and Information Processing (CKIP) of Academia Sinica, and the medical articles are then distributed to various clusters by the clustering technology of this model, so that the medical information seeker can conduct a rapid search for the required medical article information. When the medical information seeker finds the target medical article, the article׳s key statements are screened out by the keywords rule base created in this paper, and the key statement scores are calculated. The medical article key information is sequenced according to the key statements so as to generate the medical article key information table. In addition, a web-based key-medical-information-generating system will be built based on the proposed model, and the effectiveness and feasibility of the model and technology will be evaluated using a real-world case.In summary, this paper presents a model to analyze the keywords and key statements of medical articles to generate a medical article key information table. This model can help the medical information seeker look for the required health information rapidly and accurately on the Internet, shortening the time for screening medical information and increasing the probability of obtaining the required information.

STUDY OF AUTOMATIC IMAGE RECTIFICATION AND REGISTRATION OF SCANNED HISTORICAL AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS

Abstract. Historical aerial photographs directly provide good evidences of past times. The Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences (RCHSS) of Taiwan Academia Sinica has collected and scanned numerous historical maps and aerial images of Taiwan and China. Some maps or images have been geo-referenced manually, but most of historical aerial images have not been registered since there are no GPS or IMU data for orientation assisting in the past. In our research, we developed an automatic process of matching historical aerial images by SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) for handling the great quantity of images by computer vision. SIFT is one of the most popular method of image feature extracting and matching. This algorithm extracts extreme values in scale space into invariant image features, which are robust to changing in rotation scale, noise, and illumination. We also use RANSAC (Random sample consensus) to remove outliers, and obtain good conjugated points between photographs. Finally, we manually add control points for registration through least square adjustment based on collinear equation. In the future, we can use image feature points of more photographs to build control image database. Every new image will be treated as query image. If feature points of query image match the features in database, it means that the query image probably is overlapped with control images.With the updating of database, more and more query image can be matched and aligned automatically. Other research about multi-time period environmental changes can be investigated with those geo-referenced temporal spatial data.