Absorption Rate Of Carbon Dioxide Research Articles

SPH modeling and investigation of the effect of the carbon dioxide entry form on its absorption rate in a microchannel containing absorbent aqueous solution

Carbon capture technology is a rapidly growing and developing field that has seen extensive research conducted in both experimental and numerical studies. The majority of numerical simulations conducted thus far have primarily concentrated on mesh-based methods, disregarding the potential of full Lagrangian methods in accurately simulating multiphase and intricate flows. Consequently, this research aims to address this gap by introducing, for the first time, the application of the Lagrangian Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method to simulate and analyze the process of carbon dioxide absorption in an aqueous solution. The first step in this study involves developing a suitable and relatively accurate algorithm based on the governing equations of carbon dioxide absorption. These equations encompass mass and momentum conservation, heat transfer, mass transfer, and chemical reactions. Once the algorithm is developed, it is validated through computational code and the optimal grid of particles is selected for calculations. Subsequently, three different scenarios for the entry of carbon dioxide into the aqueous solution are modeled and discussed. The results reveal that as the number of carbon dioxide inputs increases, the instabilities of the two-phase flow along the microchannel also increase. These instabilities significantly enhance the rate of carbon dioxide absorption. Overall, this study highlights the importance of considering Lagrangian methods, specifically the SPH method, in simulating multiphase and complex flows in carbon capture technology. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the carbon dioxide absorption process and can potentially aid in the development of more efficient carbon capture systems.

Photoluminescent carbon nanodots for artificial photosynthesis

The emerging field of carbon dots (CDs), a type of carbon nanostructure that has gained significant attention due to its unique properties and potential applications. CDs possess remarkable attributes, including photoluminescence, electrochemical potential, compatibility with living organisms, solubility in water, chemical stability, and versatile surface properties. The chemical structure, particle size, and surface functionalities of CDs all have an impact on their photoluminescent properties, which are the focus of this review. The photoluminescence mechanism in CDs is discussed, highlighting their amorphous structure, and comparing them to graphene quantum dots. The paper delves into the application of CDs in artificial photosynthesis, which enhances crop growth by improving the photo-synthesis process. CDs increase sunlight and carbon dioxide absorption rates by interacting with plant leaves, potentially leading to substantial crop yield improvements. The advantages of CDs in artificial photosynthesis are explored, including their modifiable absorption characteristics across the ultraviolet to near-infrared spectrum. The paper acknowledges challenges in CD production, such as size control and aggregation, while emphasizing their potential in various fields, including sensing, bioimaging, energy devices, and catalysis. CDs' unique optical properties and versatile applications suggest a promising future for these nanostructures in numerous scientific and technological domains.

The influence of the hydrometeorological factors on the CO2 fluxes from the oligotrophic bog surface.

The influence of the hydrometeorological factors on the CO2 fluxes from the oligotrophic bog surface.

Intensification of absorption rate of carbon dioxide and ammonia in a simulated packed (Stephens–Morris) column using pulsed gas phase under optimized parametric conditions

BackgroundReducing gas emissions is a significant challenge in our ecosystem. Gas-liquid absorption is used in chemical industry to remove components from gas streams. Stephens–Morris tube, known for liquid-liquid and gas-liquid systems, has gained attention for gas absorption columns utilizing disc-shaped packing elements to improve mass transfer by creating tortuous flow path. MethodsThis investigation focuses on physical absorption of CO2 and NH3 in gas-liquid systems based on various process parameters vis. liquid flow rate (0.24–0.60 L/min), gas flow rate (6–60 L/min), pulsation frequency (0–9.06 Hz), pulsation amplitude (0–26 mm), effect of solute gas concentration (0–100 %), and effect of varying the number of discs in the disc column (15, 20, 25, 33). Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to predict maximum absorption efficiency under optimized conditions. Significant FindingsPulsation frequency and amplitude proportionally increased absorption coefficient, while liquid flow rate affected it differently in pulsed and unpulsed absorption. In gas film-controlled system, mass transfer coefficient was proportional to the gas flow rate. RSM yielded R2 of 0.975 while relative error and dwill was 0.097 and 0.96, respectively. Understanding system characteristics and operations at optimal pulsation frequencies and amplitudes can maximize absorption effectiveness, particularly for low-solubility gases dominated by liquid phase resistance.

Model-based Calculations of Ventilation Rate, Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Absorption Rate by Plants, and Amounts of Ventilated and Supplied CO2 for Tomato Hydroponic Greenhouse during a Winter Season

Model-based Calculations of Ventilation Rate, Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Absorption Rate by Plants, and Amounts of Ventilated and Supplied CO2 for Tomato Hydroponic Greenhouse during a Winter Season

Remote sensing and machine learning method to support sea surface pCO2 estimation in the Yellow Sea

With global climate changing, the carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption rates increased in marginal seas. Due to the limited availability of in-situ spatial and temporal distribution data, the current status of the sea surface carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO2) in the Yellow Sea is unclear. Therefore, a pCO2 model based on a random forest algorithm has been developed, which was trained and tested using 14 cruise data sets from 2011 to 2019, and remote sensing satellite sea surface temperature, chlorophyll concentration, diffuse attenuation of downwelling irradiance, and in-situ salinity were used as the input variables. The seasonal and interannual variations of modeled pCO2 were discussed from January 2003 and December 2021 in the Yellow Sea. The results showed that the model developed for this study performed well, with a root mean square difference (RMSD) of 43 μatm and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.67. Moreover, modeled pCO2 increased at a rate of 0.36 μatm year-1 (R2 = 0.27, p < 0.05) in the YS, which is much slower than the rate of atmospheric pCO2 (pCO2air) rise. The reason behind it needs further investigation. Compared with pCO2 from other datasets, the pCO2 derived from the RF model exhibited greater consistency with the in-situ pCO2 (RMSD = 55 μatm). In general, the RF model has significant improvement over the previous models and the global data sets.

Preparation and Characteristics of Soda Lime for Carbon Dioxide Absorption

In this study, soda lime was prepared from slaked lime to expand the scope of limestone use. To evaluate carbon dioxide absorption, an extruder-type and disc-type pelletizers were used to make the soda lime using bentonite as an additive. Regardless of the pelletizing process, the peak of CaCO3 was confirmed in soda lime due to its reaction with carbon dioxide. Furthermore, it was confirmed that both calcite and aragonite were present together. The soda lime prepared using the disc-type pelletizer showed a larger specific surface area than that prepared using the extruder-type pelletizer did, and the specific surface area improved on adding bentonite. The carbon dioxide absorption rate increased under the sample condition with an enhanced specific surface area.

Advancing Process Intensification with High-Frequency Ultrasound: A Mini-Review of Applications in Biofuel Production and Beyond

High-frequency ultrasound (HFU) is an ultrasound technology with a frequency higher than 1000 kHz. It has become increasingly recognized as an emerging process intensification technology in various fields, such as biofuel production, carbon dioxide absorption, and wastewater treatment. HFU is seen as a potential intensifier technology for biofuel production, as its mechanisms, such as cavitational phenomena, microstreaming, and fountain formation, can benefit biofuel production. Previous research has shown that HFU can decrease the reaction time required for biofuel production, aid in lipid extraction, increase carbon dioxide absorption rates, and be effective in destroying pathogens in wastewater treatment. However, despite the potential benefits, there are limited reports on the use of HFU technology for biofuel production, which has led to uncertainties and constraints in its industrial deployment. These constraints include equipment design, economic analysis, and safety concerns, which require further in-depth analysis. Despite these limitations, previous studies have shown promising results for the incorporation of HFU into various fields due to its unique characteristics and mechanisms. This paper presents a review of the theory and application of HFU for process intensification, with a focus on its potential for biofuel production. It also provides recommendations for the further exploration of the technology to overcome industrial deployment obstacles.

ИЗМЕРЕНИЕ ПОТОКОВ CO2 И H2O МЕЖДУ СРЕДОЙ И РАСТЕНИЯМИ ИНФРАКРАСНЫМ ГАЗОАНАЛИЗАТОРОМ НА ОСНОВЕ ОТКРЫТОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ГАЗООБМЕНА С УЧЕТОМ ИНСТРУМЕНТАЛЬНОЙ ОШИБКИ

Currently, the study of gas exchange in leaves and even entire plants is not difficult. Measurement of gas exchange parameters is, as a rule, carried out using infrared gas analyzers integrated with open gas exchange systems. The measured parameter values are used to evaluate and calculate the physiological processes of interest to the investigator, such as, for example, the rate of absorption of carbon dioxide by the plant during photosynthesis or the rate of release of water vapors during transpiration. In the scientific literature on plant physiology, the error of the result of measuring physiological parameters is given without taking into account the instrumental error, the contribution of which to the total error can be significant, since the physiological parameters of interest to the researcher are mostly indirectly measurable values. This work is devoted to the study of the influence of the error of measuring the parameters of gas exchange of plants obtained using open gas exchange systems on the error of the estimated physiological parameters. The work analyzes equations that are used to estimate the rate of absorption of carbon dioxide and the release of water vapors based on the gas exchange parameters of the plant and are actually standard for open gas exchange systems; issues related to the release of carbon dioxide from the plant in the form of gas during respiratory processes in the light are also considered. An evaluation of instrumental error of carbon dioxide absorption rate measurement during photosynthesis for open gas exchange systems is given.

Absorption of Carbon Dioxide into Glycine Activated Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) Comparing with Diethanolamine (DEA)

It is widely accepted that increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions to our atmosphere is the major contributor to global climate change, which pollutes environment. The chemical absorption using tertiary alkanolamines solution is one of most important method, which have been proposed and studied for the removal of carbon dioxide because the MDEA solvent has low cost, low corrosive tendencies, high stability, low viscosity, low tendency to foam, and low flammability, however it has low reaction rate. Therefore, we added glycine promoter to conventional solvents to increase the rate of the reaction because glycine is a primary amine compound which is reactive. Moreover, glycine has resistance to high temperatures; so, it will not easy to degrade making it not suitable for application in industry. The main purpose of this study was to provide reaction kinetics data of CO2 absorption into glycine promoted methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) by using laboratory scale wetted wall column equipment at the atmospheric pressure by varying temperature from 303.15 to 328.15 and glycine concentration from 1% to 3%, while the carbon dioxide absorption rate was measured by titration of liquid effluent. Based on the result of this study, we observed that by increasing temperature and concentration of glycine, the absorption rate of carbon dioxide in MDEA solution was increase. In addition, the reaction rate constant will be affected by the temperature and the concentration of promoter. The correlation of reaction rate constant (k glycine) was: k glycine = 5.3409E+13exp(-3251.9/T) with the activation energy for glycine promoter is 27.0363kJ/kmol, indicating it a very influencing, compared to diethanolamine (DEA).

Effect of physical properties of synthesized protic ionic liquid on carbon dioxide absorption rate.

The concentration of carbon dioxide gas has accelerated over the last two decades which cause drastic changes in the climatic conditions. In industries, carbon capture plants use a volatile organic solvent which causes many environmental threats. So, a low-cost green absorbent has been formulated with nontoxicity and high selectivity properties for absorbing carbon dioxide gas. This paper contains the synthesis process along with the structure confirmation using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, and mass spectroscopy. Density, viscosity, and diffusivity are measured at different ranges with standard instruments. The kinetic studies were also conducted in a standard predefined-interface stirred cell reactor. The kinetic parameters were calculated at different parameters like agitation speeds, absorption temperature, initial concentrations of ionic liquid, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide. The reaction regime of carbon dioxide absorption is found to be in fast reaction kinetics with pseudo-first-order. The reaction rate and the activation energy of CO2 absorption are experimentally determined in the range of 299 to 333K with different initial concentrations of ionic liquid (0.1-1.1 kmol/m3). The second-order rate constant and activation energy of carbon dioxide absorption in the synthesized ionic liquid is found to be 9.48 × 103m3mol-1s-1 and 16.61kJmol-1 respectively. On increasing the viscosity of the reacting solvent, the diffusivity of CO2 gas molecules decreases, and thus the rate of absorption decreases. This solvent has shown great potential to absorb CO2 at a large scale.

The Kinetics Investigation of CO2 Absorption into TEA and DEEA Amine Solutions Containing Carbonic Anhydrase

Tertiary amines have been used as alternative absorbents for traditional primary and secondary amines in the process of carbon capture. However, the carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption rates in these kinds of amine are relatively slow, which implies greater investment and construction costs and limits the large-scale application of carbon capture. Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is considered to be an ideal homogeneous catalyst for accelerating the rate of CO2 into aqueous amine solution. In this work, CO2 absorption combining CA with two single aqueous tertiary amines, namely triethanolamine (TEA) and 2-(diethylamino)ethanol (DEEA), was studied by use of the stopped-flow apparatus over temperature ranging from 293 to 313 K. The concentrations of selected aqueous amine solution and CA used in the experiment were ranging among 0.1–0.5 kmol/m3 and 0–50 g/m3 , respectively. Compared to the solution without the addition of CA, the pseudo first-order reaction rate in the presence of CA (k0,withCA) is significantly increased. The values of k0,withCA have been calculated by a new kinetics model. The results of experimental and calculated k0,amine and k0,withCA in CO2-amine-H2O solutions were also investigated,respectively.

SIMPANAN KARBON DUA JENIS VEGETASI HUTAN KERING TROPIKA DI WILAYAH SEMI ARID NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

Dry forests in semi-arid region plays important roles in humans’ life, whether it is socially, economically, or ecologically. Most of the time, it is very difficult to maintain the equilibrium of those roles, especially in developing-country where the economic role is more exploited than the other roles. This mismanagement of forests would lead to the situation where the forest will be in rapid retreat. On the other hand, maintaining as well as increasing the forests is the most essential solution for climate change, as forests play integral part on carbon sequestration therefore stabilizing the climate. In carbon sequestration, plants incorporate carbon from atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) through photosynthesis then storing it in biomass and soil. As each vegetation has different capacity to store carbon, this study tries to estimate the absorption rate of carbon dioxide (CO2) and the potential carbon storage of Borneo camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica) and Kesambi (Schleichera oleosa) in Oebatu Dano Ina forest (RTK.24) Pantai Baru sub-district, Rote Ndao district, Nusa Tenggara Timur province. The result shows carbon storage range of 6.51–42.998 ton/ha for both vegetation with average of 0,135–1,791 ton/ha for each tree, while the average of carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption rate is 0,498–6,575 ton/ha for each tree.

Natural surfactant for sustainable carbon utilization in cleaner production of fossil fuels: Extraction, characterization and application studies

In this study, the extraction, characterization, and performance evaluation of a green surfactant, derived from bio-resource (Fenugreek seeds), is reported for effective carbon utilization in subsurface applications. Several characterization tools such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscope, ultraviolet–visible spectroscope, methylene blue active substance test, surface tension tests, and scanning electron microscope were used to confirm saponin (surface activity) in synthesized surfactant and suitably compared with the properties of conventional surfactants in literature. The prepared green surfactant exhibited anionic behavior as validated by elemental analysis and adsorption studies. The critical micellar concentration of surfactant was determined by surface tension and electrical conductivity and its value was found to be around 0.2 wt%. Carbon dioxide absorption potential of green surfactant was envisaged by molality tests which confirmed that carbon dioxide absorption rate of surfactant was 7–18% higher than pure water. As a result, the surfactant showed high foam volume (> 40 ml) and foaming stability (8–10 h). The high temperature performance was also better. At 90 °C, carbon dioxide bubbles of larger size were present in sufficient quantity which indicated that foaming potential of surfactant was not severely affected by temperature. During adsorption studies, the green surfactant solution showed a mass-loss of 48–60% on a sandstone surface, which is better than the one of a conventional surfactant. It also showed superior property than conventional surfactants in adsorption isotherm investigations. Thus, the use of these green surfactants in subsurface scenario for carbon utilization and oil recovery from a porous media is recommended.

Characterization of Alkanolamine Blends for Carbon Dioxide Absorption. Corrosion and Regeneration Studies

There are a lot of research programs focusing on the development of new solvents for carbon dioxide capture. The most important priority should be reducing the energy consumption needed at the regeneration step, but minimizing solvent degradation and its corrosivity is also considered as a priority. In this research, the aqueous blends of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP: 1 kmol·m−3) and 1-amino-2-propanol (MIPA: 0.1–0.5 kmol·m−3) are characterized in terms of density, viscosity, and surface tension. The carbon dioxide absorption rate and capacity, the regeneration capacity, and the corrosivity of these solvents are also evaluated.

Measurement of the Absorption Rates of Carbon Dioxide in Aqueous Solutions of Piperazine and Sulfolane Using the Stopped-flow Technique

With the accelaration of the exploitation of natural gas reservoirs, the efficient removal of contaminants such as CO2, H2S, RSH, and COS is becoming of critical importance. In recent years, there is a growing interest in using amine blends or mixed solvents instead of a single amine for gas sweetening processes. Mixed solvents composed of a chemical solvent and a physical solvent take advantage of the benefits of both physical and chemical absorptions. The study of the absorption kinetics of the mixed solvent are necessary for designing and optimizing the process for removal of CO2 from natural gas, synthesis gas, or reformer gas. As a physical solvent, Sulfolane has excellent stability and low corrosiveness, in addition to a high capability for CO2 absorption. Sulfinol is a comercially successful process used in more than 200 plants and based on the use of Sulfolane as a physical solvent and either Diisopropanolamine (DIPA) or Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) as chemical solvents. Mixed Sulfolane-based solvents have recently been proposed for post-combustion CO2 capture. In this study, the reaction kinetics of carbon dioxide (CO2) in aqueous solutions of aqueous piperazine (PZ) and an aqueous mixed solvent of (PZ + Sulfolane) were measured using the stopped flow technique resulting in the meaurement of observed pseudo-first-order rate constants (k0) allowing for the calculation of the second-order reaction rate constants (k2). The experiments were carried out over) concentration ranges of (10 to 60) for PZ, and (10 to 40, 10 to 200) (mol/m3) for PZ and Sulfolane, respectively and temperatures ranging from (298.15 to 313.15) K. Results show that the kinetic rates of the mixed solvent (PZ + Sulfolane + Water) were higher than those in aqueous PZ at all temperatures. The reaction kinetics in aqueous mixed solents of (PZ + Sulfolane) in reaction with CO2 increase with increasing temperature and concentration. The Termolecular mechanisms correlated the aqueous mixed systems of (PZ + Sulfolane) successfully. The reaction kinetics increased with the increase in temperature and concentration. The addition of Sulfolane to aqueous PZ resulted in increased absorption rates. Thus, the mixed solvent of PZ, Sulfolane and water can be considered an attractive alternative to aqueous amines for the enhancement of CO2 capture.

Influence of the amine alkyl-chain upon carbon dioxide absorption in G-L-L reactor

Abstract Present work analyzes the behavior of several gas-liquid-liquid systems for carbon dioxide separation using chemical absorption. The type of amine center in a solvent with two liquid phases (organic and aqueous) shows a high importance in relation to the overall behavior. The experimental results for these solvents have been compared with a previous study using octylamine in the chemical solvent because it has shown suitable results for carbon dioxide loading, absorption rate and energy cost associated to solvent regeneration. Present study analyzes the carbon dioxide absorption mechanism in multiphasic reactors (specifically G-L-L) using different types of amines in order to understand the overall behavior that involves steps of mass transfer and chemical reaction.

Estimation of atmospheric carbon sequestration rate through carbonate rock dissolution in Karst Jonggrangan, Java Island, Indonesia (case study: the underground river of Anjani Cave)

Karst has an important role in atmospheric CO2 sequestration through the karstification process. Through the karstification process, the total amount of carbon dioxide absorbed in Indonesia is estimated to reach 13482 Gg CO2/year. This research was conducted in the Karst Jonggrangan area, focused on the underground river of Anjani cave. The objectives of this study were: (1) to determine how much the dissolution rate of CaCO3 minerals was, and (2) to calculate the atmospheric carbon sequestration rate through the carbonate dissolution process that occurred in the Anjani underground river. This research was carried out between March 2018 and March 2019. The data used were time-series of discharge and hydrochemical data, as well as discharge properties of the Anjani underground river. The entire data was obtained through the installation of a water fluctuation recording device and field measurement of hydrochemical parameters and the discharge characteristics. The results showed that the rate of carbonate rock dissolution in Anjani underground river was 37.54 m3/year/km2, while the sequestration rate of atmospheric carbon dioxide reached 97.43 tons/km2/year. The temporal variation in carbon dioxide absorption and dissolution rates was influenced by total discharge, dissolved CO2, and HCO3 − content in the water, temperature, and pH.

Quantification of Aucuba japonica Thunb. CO2 absorption for various moisture conditions

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of insufficient moisture supply on the absorption of carbon dioxide by Aucuba japonica Thunb., as well as the dynamics of the growth of phytomass and the amount of CO 2 absorbed by A. japonica at optimal moisture supply during the active growing season from May to September on the Southern coast of the Crimea, a region of dry subtropics. It was revealed that the carbon dioxide absorption rate and the growth rate of A. japonica phytomass begin to decrease when the soil moisture was below 60% of field capacity (FC). The maximum value of CO 2 absorption intensity by A. japonica leaves at optimal soil water supply was 0.95 mg/(cm 2 x day). At a soil water content of 15% FC, the CO 2 absorption rate decreased to 20% of the maximum CO2 absorption value, and the leaf biomass growth rate decreased by 25 times. The maximum monthly average amount of absorbed CO 2 during the period of active vegetation of the A. japonica plant was recorded in May and amounted to 0.83 mg/(cm 2 x day), and the maximum monthly average rate of increase in the volume of leaf phytomass (0.36 cm 3 /day) was noted in August. The phase of the most active growth of A. japonica phytomass occurs in August. It is possible to increase the growth rate of phytomass in August by lowering the air temperature, as well as increasing the relative humidity through drip irrigation.

APPLICATION OF PHYTOTECHNOLOGY IN DETERMINING PLANT SPECIES FOR GREENSPACE IN THE CITY OF PALANGKA RAYA

This study aims to obtain scientific evidence for plant species in their ability to absorb carbon dioxide, to rank plants based on their ability to absorb carbon dioxide, and to obtain the format of area and distribution. Experimental methods of plant species based on the types that have been commonly used as urban greening, and traditionally based plant species. The results obtained indicate that plant-based types of local wisdom are scientifically proven to show superiority in the rate of carbon dioxide absorption. There are plant species, both local wisdom and urban greening plants, which have specific fluctuating absorption rates.