Abrasive Particles Research Articles

Analysis and evaluation of the synergistic effect of ceramic materials and surface texture on anti-abrasive particle wear under rolling conditions

Damage to mechanical components caused by contaminant ingress is a common failure. In response to this issue, this study introduces a synergistic abrasion reduction method based on the combined application of ceramic materials and surface texturing. Using cylindrical thrust roller bearings as an illustration, circular textures were applied to the raceways, and a small number of steel rollers were substituted with ceramic ones. Moreover, alumina was introduced into the lubricant as a contaminant. The frictional and dynamic performance of the "ceramic-textured surface" combination under lubricant contamination conditions was explored and compared with corresponding single abrasion reduction techniques. The synergistic abrasion reduction mechanism of the "ceramic-textured surface" combination was also examined. The findings reveal that under lubricant contamination conditions, the synergistic abrasion reduction method surpasses individual abrasion reduction methods and demonstrates a certain degree of complementarity. Compared with traditional all-steel bearings, textured bearings with four ceramic rollers have reduced the average frictional force by approximately 56.82 %, and the mass loss of the shaft washer and seat washer has been reduced by approximately 81.01 % and 80.86 %, respectively. Rolling elements treated with the synergistic abrasion reduction method exhibit enhanced resistance to abrasive particle wear. This improvement is attributed to the collaborative effects of various mechanisms, including crushing and refinement, capture and storage, grinding and finishing, as well as self-healing and smoothing.

The Design and Study of a Four-Coil Oil Multi-Pollutant Detection Sensor

The operating environment of large mechanical equipment on ships is extremely harsh. Under such harsh conditions, it is necessary to effectively monitor and assess the health status of machinery and equipment and to take appropriate maintenance measures to ensure the normal operation of the ship and the safety of the lives and property of the crew. However, currently used methods are less effective in detecting non-ferromagnetic abrasive particles and non-metallic contaminants and may not be able to respond to certain emergencies promptly. Therefore, in this paper, a quad-solenoid coil multi-contaminant oil detection sensor is proposed to detect metallic abrasive particles and non-metallic contaminants using the voltage–capacitance dual mode. We provide an analytical expression for the magnetic field strength of the present sensor and develop a corresponding mathematical model. In order to verify its accuracy, we compared the model results with finite element analysis and verified them experimentally. Analysis of the experimental results shows that by switching the detection mode of the sensor, ferromagnetic metal particles, non-ferromagnetic metal particles, and non-metallic contaminants in the oil can be identified according to the different experimental signal curves. The sensor recognizes ferromagnetic particles over 70 μm in diameter, non-ferromagnetic particles over 220 μm in diameter, water droplets over 100–110 μm in diameter, and air bubbles over 180–190 μm in diameter. By comparing the sensor with existing sensors, the sensor can provide accurate information about various pollutants, help maintenance personnel to develop a reasonable maintenance program, and reduce the maintenance cost of ship machinery.

Promoting effect and microscopic mechanism of train-induced vibration on loess disintegration

Loess disintegration aggravates slope erosion and triggers hazards such as spalling, landslides, and mudflows. Long-term vibrations along railways can change the microstructure of the loess, thereby affecting its disintegration characteristics. However, few studies have considered the effects of long-term vibrations caused by trains on the disintegration of intact loess. This study conducted disintegration tests on loess subjected to prolonged vibrations at varying frequencies to analyse the differences in the disintegration behaviour. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) tests, this study characterised the microstructural changes in loess before and after vibration to reveal the mechanism by which train-induced vibration affects loess disintegration characteristics. The results indicated that train-induced vibrations expedited the loess disintegration process, improving the disintegration efficiency and the dispersion degree of the disintegrated soil. Overall, higher vibration frequencies were associated with a more pronounced promoting effect on disintegration in the 0–25 Hz range. Three distinct stages of disintegration evolution based on a growth model were identified quantitatively, and the effect of vibration frequency on the disintegration acceleration at each stage was quantificationally analysed. The train-induced vibration decreased the duration of the initial two stages of disintegration and notably increased the disintegrated mass, thereby significantly improving the overall disintegration efficiency. The promoting effect of loess disintegration by train-induced vibration was attributed to increased suction imbalances caused by heightened pore differentials after vibration, as well as reduced particle occlusal and cementation forces caused by particle abrasion and the loosening of weakly cemented aggregates. These factors combine to accelerate the imbalance between the disintegration and resistance forces. These findings provide beneficial insights into the potential hazards of loess slopes exposed to long-term train vibrations.

Deterioration micro-mechanism of graded aggregates with different gradations under vibratory compaction using X-CT testing

This study aims to explore the compaction deterioration micro-mechanism of high-speed railway graded aggregate (HRGA) fillers and further improve the compaction quality of HRGA fillers, contributing to improving subgrade service performance. Firstly, based on the vibratory compaction experiments, the compaction deterioration macro-characteristics of HRGA fillers with different gradations were revealed from the mechanical properties (i.e., dynamic stiffness Kd and subgrade reaction modulus K20). Secondly, X-ray Computed Tomography (X-CT) testing was conducted based on the multiple typical compaction stages selected from the Kd curve. The internal microstructure (i.e., particles and voids) characteristics within HRGA fillers with different gradations were measured by high-precision image processing approaches. Finally, the evolution characteristics of Kd, K20, and microstructure were used to reveal the compaction deterioration micro-mechanism of HRGA fillers with different gradations, and further explore the relationship between filler gradation and compaction deterioration. The results indicated that compaction deterioration characteristics of HRGA fillers with different gradations could be characterized by the inflection points of Kd and K20 curves. Besides, during compaction deterioration, particle abrasion crushing and the increase in surface edges and corners of the void reduced the stability of the skeleton structure within HRGA fillers with different gradations, resulting in a gradual decrease of Kd and K20. Furthermore, the relationship between Kd, K20, and microstructure with gradation could be quantitatively characterized by quadratic functions. Hence, based on X-CT measurement, it was feasible to reveal the compaction deterioration mechanism of HRGA fillers from macro- and micro-perspectives. This study contributes to establishing a theoretical framework for revealing the compaction deterioration of high-speed railway subgrade fillers and improving the quality of vibratory compaction for on-site subgrade construction.

Design and development of Rotational Magneto Abrasive Flow Finishing setup powered with machine learning tools for nanofinishing of cylindrical double camshaft followers

Surface finish and morphology play a vital role in the reliability and life of cam-roller or slider mechanisms, with improvement due to lesser contact pressure-based fatigue and failure as surface finish improves. An experimental setup using magnet-based abrasive finishing techniques is designed and developed to conduct studies on a double camshaft follower arrangement that resulted in less than 300 nm finish at an enhanced finishing rate. Finishing rate improves greatly as speed of rotation of the workpiece increases with relatively bigger abrasive particles while the best finish is obtained at lower speeds and particle sizes with progression of the finishing cycles. Subsequently, using the results as the training dataset, a machine learning system is developed to overcome the limitations of surface measurement techniques and human interventions, to predict outcomes like number of cycles, speed of rotation of workpiece, time to reach the desired finish and particle size to be used for the given material of workpiece, initial surface roughness and final desired surface finish. The predictions from the completely trained system are compared with the physics-based model and the real data and the error is found to be within 20 nm which has led to development of a highly reliable system.

Effective Promotion of Micro Damping of GO Hybrid PU–PF Copolymer Grinding Wheels on Precision Machining

The influence of damping and friction performance of grinding wheels on precision grinding was explored for the first time. GO hybrid PU-modified PF copolymers were prepared by in situ synthesis and adopted as a matrix for fabricating grinding wheels. FT-IR, DSC, TG, and mechanical property tests showed the optimal modification when PU content was 10 wt% and GO addition was 0.1 wt%. Damping properties were investigated by DMA, and tribological characteristics were measured by sliding friction and wear experiments. The worn surfaces and fracture morphologies of GO hybrid PU–PF copolymers were observed by SEM. Distribution of components on the worn surfaces was explored by Raman mapping and EDS. The research results revealed that the PU component tended to be dispersed around the edges of corundum abrasives acting as a buffer layer of abrasive particles, which could provide micro-damping characteristics for abrasives, making the grinding force more stable during precision machining and facilitating a smoother surface quality of the workpiece.

Mathematical Model of Vibration-Centrifugal Processing of Parts Using Loose Abrasive

The article presents some new theoretical and experimental solution of a scientific and applied problem of technological support for vibratory centrifugal processing of complex-profiled parts in a bulk abrasive environment. This solution aims to increase productivity while ensuring the desired quality of the processed surfaces. The authors have developed a mathematical model that describes the action of abrasive particles on the surface of the parts, taking into account the parameters of the granular abrasive medium based on Voigt’s law. This allows the description of dynamic processes in the processing environment for a wide range of material types. The natural frequencies of oscillations of the processed medium layer have been determined, which depend on the amplitude of its vibrations for different densities of soft and hard materials of the processed medium and the medium with linear-elastic properties. The methodology includes the use of test equipment to conduct experimental research on the process, which involves determining changes in specific metal removal rates and surface roughness using the frequency converter Altivar 71 with the PowerSuite v.2.5.0 software.

Effect of Polyoxyethylene-Based Nonionic Surfactants on Chemical–Mechanical Polishing Performance of Monocrystalline Silicon Wafers

The use of surfactants is crucial in the chemical–mechanical polishing fluid system for silicon wafers. This paper examines the impact of the functional group structure of polyoxyethylene-based nonionic surfactants and the variation in the polyoxyethylene (EO) addition number on the polishing performance of monocrystalline silicon wafers, to achieve the appropriate material removal rate and surface quality. The results demonstrated that the straight-chain structure of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9) exhibited superior performance in wafer polishing compared to octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP-9) and isoprenol polyoxyethylene ether (TPEG) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). By varying the number of EO additions of AEO-type surfactants, this study demonstrated that the polishing performance of monocrystalline silicon wafers was affected by the number of EO additions. The best polishing effect was achieved when the number of EO additions was nine. The mechanism of the role of polyoxyethylene-type nonionic surfactants in silicon wafer polishing was derived through polishing experiments, the contact angle, abrasive particle size analysis, zeta potential measurement, XPS, and other means of characterization.

Microscopic modeling and experimental investigation of inner surface magnetorheological polishing based on particle micromechanics

Traditional surface polishing methods are no longer able to meet the ultra-precision requirements of the high-tech industry for the inner surface of the pipe, but magnetorheological polishing technology is very suitable due to its advantages of high precision, fast controllability and good deposition stability. However, there is even less investigation on the microforce analysis, chaining mechanism and micromodeling methods of magnetorheological polishing fluid (MRPF), and the polishing mechanism of MRPF has not been explored yet. As a step to completely develop the magnetorheological polishing (MRP) technique, this paper proposed the simulation method of MRPF based on particle dynamics, and the shear stress model of magnetorheological fluid (MRF) is optimized under the action of the magnetic field after performing the chain simulation. On the basis of the optimized shear stress model and the hexagonal close-packed structure of MRF, the holding mechanism of polishing abrasive particles is explored for the MRPF and the corresponding holding models are proposed. Then, the shear yield stress models and material removal model are also established for the inner surface polishing, respectively. Eventually, the above theoretical analysis and related models have been verified though the polishing experiment of the titanium alloy pipe.

Simulation and experimental investigation of material removal profile based on ultrasonic vibration polishing of K9 optical glass

Ultrasonic vibration polishing (UVP) is an important method for the precision processing of optical glass, which is good for improving surface quality and processing efficiency. So far, the material removal mechanism in UVP is not well understood and the various process parameters involved are not considered. To achieve ultra-precision polishing under optical glass, this paper carries out the axial UVP method. The material removal profile (MRP) is critical to affect the surface accuracy. A new MRP is developed for UVP based on the Urick attenuation model and the proposed material removal coefficient distribution function, considering the dynamic pressure changes under ultrasonic vibration, the attenuation effect of the acoustic pressure propagation process and the inhomogeneous distribution of the abrasive particles in the contact area during the ultrasonic electro-spindle rotation. Through a series of polishing experiments and simulations, the results show that the maximum errors of the actual material removal depth (MRD) and the actual material removal rate (MRR) from the model simulation results are 8.54% and 9.92%, respectively. The accuracy of the model is further demonstrated by the Pearson correlation coefficient. When the amplitude of UVP is 9 µm, Sa and Ra are 60 nm and 68 nm, which are reduced by 37.50% and 22.73%, respectively, compared with conventional polishing. This research can contribute to the deterministic processing of UVP, and provide a theoretical basis for the application of optical glass.

Study of frictional wear and desorption of nanoparticle‐rubber blend modified UHMWPE composites

AbstractTo address the issues of abrasive wear, impact wear, and soil adhesion that can lead to wear failure and excessive operational resistance in agricultural soil touching parts during farming. This study focuses on UHMWPE composites, modified by filling Nano‐SiC as a hard phase filler and XNBR as an elastic filler. These fillers were dispersed into the UHMWPE matrix through melt blending technology to create a high‐performance composite material for the surface protective material of soil touching parts. The study discovered that by adding hard and elastic fillers to the UHMWPE matrix, the density, hardness, flexural modulus and thermal stability of the materials were all increased. Specifically, the density increased by 5.67% and the flexural modulus increased by 107%. In the block on ring wear test the volumetric wear rate decreased by 98%, while in the mortar wear test the mass wear rate decreased by 64.64%. Additionally, the contact angle on the surface of the specimen after mortar erosion and wear increased to 102.76°, 18% higher than that of pure UHMWPE. These results demonstrate that the modified fillers can improve the abrasion and plastic deformation resistance and hydrophobic desorption of UHMWPE. UHMWPE composite material, serving as the surface protection for soil touching parts, resolves the issues of abrasion of soil abrasive particles and excessive soil adhesion resistance on these parts. This significantly prolongs the service life of soil touching parts of agricultural machinery and improves the operational efficiency and economy.Highlights Research on nanoparticles and elastomer‐modified composite materials. Research has shown the enhancement of UHMWPE composite materials by Nano‐SiC. XNBR improves the plastic deformation resistance of UHMWPE composites. Effects of Nano‐SiC and XNBR on the desorption behavior of composite materials. UHMWPE composites reduce soil contact wear and soil adhesion.

Bond Strength of Milled and Printed Zirconia to 10-Methacryloyloxydecyl Dihydrogen Phosphate (10-MDP) Resin Cement as a Function of Ceramic Conditioning, Disinfection and Ageing.

This study aimed to assess the suitability of printed zirconia (ZrO2) for adhesive cementation compared to milled ZrO2. Surface conditioning protocols and disinfection effects on bond strength were also investigated. ZrO2 discs (n = 14/group) underwent either alumina (Al2O3) airborne particle abrasion (APA; 50 µm, 0.10 MPa) or tribochemical silicatisation (TSC; 110 µm Al2O3, 0.28 MPa and 110 µm silica-modified Al2O3, 0.28 MPa), followed by disinfection (1 min immersion in 70% isopropanol, 15 s water spray, 10 s drying with oil-free air) for half of the discs. A resin cement containing 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) was used for bonding (for TSC specimens after application of a primer containing silane and 10-MDP). Tensile bond strength was measured after storage for 24 h at 100% relative humidity or after 30 days in water, including 7500 thermocycles. Surface conditioning significantly affected bond strength, with higher values for TSC specimens. Ageing and the interaction of conditioning, disinfection and ageing also impacted bond strength. Disinfection combined with APA mitigated ageing-related bond strength decrease but exacerbated it for TSC specimens. Despite these effects, high bond strengths were maintained even after disinfection and ageing. Adhesive cementation of printed ZrO2 restorations exhibited comparable bond strengths to milled ZrO2, highlighting its feasibility in clinical applications.

Experimental study on rock-breaking characteristics of advanced premixed abrasive water jet

ABSTRACT To investigate the rock-breaking characteristics of the advanced premixed abrasive water jet, experiments of abrasive water jet eroding granite were carried out. The micro-failure morphology of erosion pits was observed and analyzed by CT (Computerized Tomography) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). The results show that the difference in erosion effect caused by different rock breaking pressures is due to the difference in impact kinetic energy. The higher the jet pressure, the higher the impact kinetic energy of abrasive particles, and the erosion effect is enhanced. The difference in erosion effect caused by abrasive types is that the harder abrasives produce greater cutting force on the rock and consume less fracture surface energy. The CT scanning results show that the conical crack at the bottom is caused by the stamping action of abrasive particles and expands rapidly under the action of a water wedge, the action of reflective particles makes the erosion holes appear spindle-shaped. The results of SEM show that the sidewalls of the erosion pit are dominated by the cutting and fatigue-crushing effects of reflected abrasives. The bottom of the erosion pit is mainly driven by the punching action of the incident abrasive.

Parameters Optimization of Active Flexible Tool‐Assisted Shear Thickening Polishing Method for Concave Surface

An innovative approach, active flexible tool‐assisted shear thickening polishing (AFT‐STP), is introduced to overcome the limitations of low efficiency involved in the STP process of the concave surface. The principle and characteristics of AFT‐STP are presented, accompanied by the design of a flexible tool structure and the creation of an experimental setup. Utilizing the Taguchi method, experiments are planned and results are assessed via the signal‐to‐noise ratio to optimize process parameters. A variance analysis is then used to ascertain the relative influence of four key parameters—polishing speed, polishing gap, abrasive particle size, and abrasive concentration on the polishing performance of quartz glass in STP. Under the optimal parameters, a concave quartz glass workpiece with diameter Ø 20 mm and curvature radius 488 mm is polished, the average surface roughness Sa of the five measuring points on the surface decreases from 142.18 ± 8.63 (Avg. ± Std.) nm to 5.34 ± 1.16 nm in 45 min with MRR 57.3 nm min−1, and the surface defects of the processing area are completely removed, leaving only minor pits. The results show that the AFT‐STP is an effective method for high‐quality polishing of concave surfaces.

Particle traps constructed on the insulator of conductive slip rings for surface flashover mitigation under particle adhesion

The generation of abrasive particles is an unavoidable consequence of sliding electrical contact wear in conductive slip rings (SRs). The adhesion of abrasive particles to the insulators may lead to a decrease in flashover voltage, posing a risk to satellite power transmission. In this paper, the effect of abrasive particles on flashover is first studied. Surface abrasive particles can distort the surface electric field of the dielectric, absorb scattered electrons, and then re-emit them, thereby accelerating the development and formation of secondary electron avalanches. Flashover test results indicate that surface abrasive particles lead to a significant reduction in flashover voltage. To mitigate the impact of particle adhesion on flashover, a method of constructing particle traps on the surface of insulators is proposed. The location and structural parameters of the particle trap are further optimized and determined. The flashover test results using planar dielectric samples and SR insulator samples both demonstrate that the optimized particle trap can significantly improve the flashover voltage. The dielectric maintains high electrical strength even when particles are trapped in particle traps. The physical details of the impact of particles on flashover and the effect of particle traps are analyzed utilizing an electron movement simulation, corroborating the experiment from a microscopic aspect.

Experimental and MD simulation study of surface residual stress and surface quality of SiCp/Al in pulsed laser-ultrasonic assisted grinding

The utilisation of aluminium-based silicon carbide composites (SiCp/Al) is on the rise. However, during the grinding process, where abrasive particles compel SiC particles into the aluminium matrix, stress concentration occurs near the interface between the two phases. This phenomenon results in adverse surface deformation accompanied by residual compressive stress (RCS). Consequently, a pulsed laser-ultrasonic-assisted grinding method (PL-UAG) has been proposed. The effectiveness of the method is verified through grinding experiments. Moreover, the influence process of the thermal effect of pulsed laser and the evolution mechanism of microscopic RS near the SiCp/Al two-phase interface are revealed through molecular dynamics simulation. The experimental results show that the surface RCS of SiCp/Al gradually decreases and transforms into residual tensile stress (RTS) with the increase of laser power. The RCS increases with the grinding depth. The RCS is reduced to 17 Mpa and the surface roughness Sa value is reduced to 0.110 μm with the laser power is 40 W and the grinding depth is 1 μm. The simulation results show that the energy dissipation process of pulsed laser helps to reduce thermal deformation and damage. The laser-induced thermal effect reduces the deformation of the aluminium matrix caused by particle extrusion and inhibits the formation and slip of dislocations in the aluminium matrix. In addition, the ultrasonic shock effect effectively weakens the RTS generated by the laser.

EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT ON ABRASION WEARRESISTANCE OF STEEL WITH MICRO-ADDITIVES OF BORONAND VANADIUM

This paper presents the results of own research regarding the role of microstructure and mechanical propertiesin the abrasive wear of metallic materials, demonstrated on the example of low-alloyed steel with micro--additives of boron and vanadium. The first section discusses the current knowledge relating to the influenceof microstructure and hardness on tribological conditions of materials. Further sections present the results ofmicrostructure observations performed with light microscopy as well as with scanning electron microscopyand transmission electron microscopy. This research has focused on the material both in the as-deliveredcondition (directly after casting) and after heat treatment, which involved quenching and tempering at threetemperatures: 200, 400, and 600C. The tribological tests were performed with the use of the T-07 tribometer,in the presence of loose #90 electro corundum abrasive particles. The test results have been discussed and anattempt has been made to correlate them with the microstructure and selected mechanical properties. In orderto identify wear mechanisms, the surfaces were visually inspected after the abrasion process. The inspectionresults indicate that the main wear mechanisms were microcutting and microploughing.

Surface topography prediction of slider races using formed grinding wheel shape and material removal mechanism

Compared with the roughness, the three-dimensional (3D) topography parameters, surface microstructure geometric characteristics and other information can more fully evaluate the grinding quality of the slider raceway surface. In this paper, based on the 3D topography model of the abrasive particle distribution on the surface of the formed grinding wheel, the material removal mechanism between the abrasive particle and the raceway surface is analyzed. With the undeformed chip thickness distribution model as the intermediate variable, the 3D topography model of the slider raceway surface is established, and the model verification is carried out from the roughness and the geometric characteristics of the surface microstructure, respectively. At the same time, the surface microstructure is extracted from the topography model, and the effects of different grinding process parameters on the geometric characteristics such as the height to width ratio, depth to width ratio and distribution density of groove, convex peak and peak valley structures are studied. Results are shown that AS,TH increase from [0.05 0.6 μm] to [0.25 0.8 μm] and FGH grows from [0.11 1.05 μm] to [0.5 1.61 μm] when the grinding depth rises from 1 μm to 4 μm. AS, TH are firstly decreased from [0.17 0.61 μm] to [0.08 0.52 μm] and then increased to [0.26 0.78 μm], and the FGH declines from [0.34 1.01 μm] to [0.16 0.86 μm] and then increases to [0.51 1.38 μm] with the feeding speed is in [25, 28 m/min]. In addition, in the range of grinding wheel linear velocity [28, 34 m/s], the AS,TH decreases from [0.19 0.81 μm] to [0.1 0.55 μm] and the FGH decreases from [0.55 1.6 μm] to [0.2 1.1 μm]. This can prepare for the subsequent research on the impact of the topography characteristics on the friction coefficient and wear amount of the slider raceway surface.

The influence of the types of cluster composite abrasives on the performance of fixed abrasive pads in processing quartz glass

To enhance the material removal rate (MRR) and surface quality of quartz glass lapping, a new method is proposed utilizing a fixed cluster composite abrasive pad (FCCAP) for processing quartz glass. Firstly, cluster composite abrasives (CCA) with a particle size of 28 μm were prepared using the normal temperature and pressure sintering method, including cluster Al2O3-diamond composite abrasives (CADCA), cluster diamond-diamond composite abrasives (CDDCA), and cluster SiO2-diamond composite abrasives (CSDCA). Secondly, using CCA as the abrasive and relying on ultraviolet curing technology, three types of FCCAP were prepared: fixed cluster Al2O3-diamond composite abrasive pads (FCADCAP), fixed cluster diamond-diamond composite abrasive pads (FCDDCAP), and fixed cluster SiO2-diamond composite abrasive pads (FCSDCAP). Simultaneously, to validate the performance of the prepared FCCAPs, three types of fixed single crystal abrasive pads were prepared using the same process with single crystal Al2O3 (SCA), single crystal diamond (SCD), and single crystal SiO2 (SCS) with a particle size of 28 μm. Using quartz glass as the processing object, lapping experiments and friction and wear experiments were conducted, with MRR, surface roughness Ra, and coefficient of friction (COF) selected as evaluation indexes to compare and study the lapping performance of the six pads. FCCAP demonstrated higher machining efficiency, with FCDDCAP achieving the highest MRR of 3.611 μm/min. Additionally, after FCCAP lapping, the surface roughness Ra of quartz glass is lower, to some extent repairing surface damage such as large scratches. Among them, FCSDCAP achieved the lowest surface roughness of 91.564 nm. Finally, FCCAP exhibits superior friction and wear performance, with FCSDCAP samples having the highest average COF of 0.127. Under the same abrasive particle size conditions, FCCAP has better processing capabilities, enabling efficient lapping of quartz glass.

Material removal model of magnetoelastic abrasive particles in dual-disk magnetic cutting edge preparation

Material removal model of magnetoelastic abrasive particles in dual-disk magnetic cutting edge preparation