This paper explores if and how Canada should integrate westernized perceptions of medicine and healing into Aboriginal healthcare. Conversely, this paper questions if Canada should further integrate Aboriginal healing practitioners and their practices into the mainstream Canadian healthcare system. This raises an important point: to avert cultural conflict, we must refrain from conceptualizing the integration process from a Western colonialist perspective. We must also eschew analyzing the issue from the perspective of the dominant culture. A multilateral approach is required. And further, we must question whether integration is required at all — or if both practices can effectively operate autonomously. This paper incorporates two case studies, select jurisprudence, as well as national and international statutes, as a means of exploring the clash of paradigms and worldviews between the legal recognition and regulation of Western and Aboriginal medicine in a cross-cultural milieu. Analysis requires cultural sensitivity, intercultural dialogue, deep introspection, and recognition of Aboriginal peoples’ rights to self-determination.