Abnormal Biochemical Changes Research Articles

A sensitive method for determining the nephrotoxic effects of the analgesic acetaminophen upon esterases using isoelectric focusing

AbstractIn a study of the biochemical mechanisms of renal toxicity of acetaminophen, quantitative studies of the nonspecific kidney esterases were carried out in New Zealand white female rabbits. After the administration of a sublethal dose of 2.5 g/kg acetaminophen, four animals each plus four controls were sacrificed at 24 and 48 h. subsequent isoelectric focusing of kidney homogenate supernatants over a pH range of 3.5–8.0 showed marked changes in each of the groups. Zymograms of the nonspecific esterases in each group showed a characteristic pattern which deviated greatly from control animals. A morphological and histochemical examination of kidney sections from all animals showed no pathological changes in any of the kidneys. This would indicate that abnormal biochemical changes are being manifested in the kidney long before any morphological deviations. It would seem that this group of enzymes could provide a valuable market for early toxicological changes.

Medical shock: Abnormal biochemical changes in patients with severe, acute medical illnesses, with and without peripheral vascular failure: Davidson, C. S., Lewis, J. H., Tagnon, H. J., Adams, M. A. and Taylor, F. H. L. New England J. Med. 234: 279 (Feb. 28) 1946

Medical shock: Abnormal biochemical changes in patients with severe, acute medical illnesses, with and without peripheral vascular failure: Davidson, C. S., Lewis, J. H., Tagnon, H. J., Adams, M. A. and Taylor, F. H. L. New England J. Med. 234: 279 (Feb. 28) 1946

Medical shock: abnormal biochemical changes in patients with severe, acute medical illnesses, with and without peripheral vascular failure.

RECENT studies in the so-called shock in animals have definitely associated this syndrome with certain biochemical abnormalities.1 , 2 Hyperglycemia, lactacidemia, lowered alkaline reserve and changes in the partition of the nonprotein nitrogen of the blood plasma have been reported in this condition. In hemorrhagic shock, increases in the plasma alpha amino nitrogen have recently been reported.3 , 4 Anoxia has been a frequent finding in shocked animals, and furthermore, anoxic anoxia itself has been found to produce some of the biochemical changes attributed to shock. Recent reports from this laboratory have shown that in man marked biochemical changes of a similar nature . . .

Some Observations on Lipoid Metabolism in Mental Disorders

The investigations herein set forth have been chiefly confined to the mobile tissue of the body, the blood. It is manifest that in abnormal biochemical changes affecting the organism in whole or part, this medium will be the locus, where such changes might reasonably present themselves and be detected by the means at our command. The substances therefore with which I shall be dealing are all normally present in the blood to a greater or less degree, but show marked variations under the stress of a mental breakdown. In particular I shall concentrate on lecithin, one of the phospholipins, cholesterol, belonging to the sterol group, and choline, which is classed with the animal bases.