Diversity in Peru: 8 subfamilies, 37 tribes, 105 genera, and 353 species/subspecies. Recognition: Adult tenebrionids, commonly called darkling beetles, are highly variable in terms of color (from black or brown to a wide variety of bright or metallic colors), size (from approximately 1–80 mm), and morphology (from flat wingless species to elongate cylindrical winged taxa). However, with few exceptions tenebrionids can be identified based on their: 5-5-4 tarsal formula (rarely 4-4-4 or 3-3-3); antennal insertions concealed under frons; five visible abdominal sternites, with the basal three sternites connate and the apical two hinged; and 10- to 11segmented antennae (rarely 9-segmented). Detailed descriptions, including for immature stages, are provided in Aalbu et al. (2002) and Matthews et al. (2010). Geographic distribution and habitats: Tenebrionids are found in a wide variety of habitats in Peru, from coastal dunes to tropical forests and through the Andes mountain range, with many tribes and genera restricted to specific biogeographic regions or specialized microhabitats. - The coastal deserts of western Peru (,1000 m): Caenocrypticini (Caenocrypticoides), Edrotini (Kocakia), Elenophorini (Psammetichus), Epitragini (Parepitragus, Hemasodes, Omopheres), Evaniosomini (Aryenis, Chorasmius, Evaniosomus, Melaphorus), Physogasterini (Philorea, Physogasterinus), Praociini (Parapraocis), Thinobatini (Cordibates), Opatrini (Blapstinus), Scotobiini (Ammophorus), and Tenebrionini (Hipalmus). These genera include epigaeic detritivores and epiphytic groups (Edrotini, Epitragini) associated with various vegetation types on sandy soils. - The Andes, including the Western Andean range (1000 m–3800 m), interandean valleys (1500 m–3300 m) and the high plateaus (.3800 m): Nycteliini (Pilobalia, Psectrascelis), Praociini (Praocis, Praocidia, Pilobaloderes, Platyholmus), Edrotini (Hylithus), Evaniosomini (Vaniosus), Trilobocarini (Eremoecus). These genera are epigaeic detritivores associated with grasslands and scrubs. - Amazonia, including the Eastern Andean range (800 m–3500 m) and the Amazonian plain (,800 m): Goniaderini, Lagriini, Nilio, Phrenapatini, Penetini,