8th Grade Students Research Articles

The Effects of the Pegword Method on the Multiplication Skills of Students with Math Difficulties

Abstract This single-case study assessed the effectiveness of a mnemonic pegword strategy designed to enhance the multiplication fact fluency of three 6th-grade students who demonstrated persistent learning difficulties in mathematics. A nonconcurrent multiple baseline across subjects design was utilized, incorporating 3–5 baseline sessions followed by 10–12 intervention sessions. The results indicated a noticeable, gradual improvement in the learners' ability to recall multiplication facts involving two-digit numbers quickly and accurately. Interviews conducted with the participants to assess the social validity of this approach revealed agreement and enthusiasm for the continued use of the strategy. Although acknowledging certain limitations inherent in this research, these results support the continued use of this intervention to aid students who struggle with basic multiplication. Further investigations are warranted to determine the generalizability of these findings and to address the study’s inherent limitations.

Satun province’s research-based learning initiative under Thailand’s “education sandbox” policy: design, implementation and outcomes

PurposeThis study aims to enhance the quality of education in Thailand by exploring an educational innovation emphasizing community identities, available resources and needs. It describes the design and implementation of the Satun research-based learning (RBL) initiative under Thailand’s Education Innovation Area Act B.E. 2562, which allowed 10 pilot schools in Satun to develop curriculums for early childhood and primary school levels that incorporated localities’ contexts during the 2018–2019 academic year.Design/methodology/approachTo evaluate the innovation’s impacts, primary data were collected and verified through methodological triangulation and cross-validation, and then qualitatively analyzed using content analysis.FindingsStudents demonstrated improvements in reading and writing, analytical thinking, problem-solving, teamwork, public presentation and creativity. Teachers were more engaged in students’ learning development and felt closer to students. School administrators embraced collaboration with teachers, school committees, parents and communities. Parents recognized students’ eagerness to study and academic improvements. Quantitatively, a difference-in-differences analysis of all 6th-grade Satun students’ standardized test scores from 2016 to 2019 showed that improvements in the participating students’ Thai and English scores were statistically significant at the 0.05 level. These findings suggest that policymakers can improve educational quality by accounting for community contexts and constraints.Originality/valueThe originality of this study lies in the large-scale RBL initiative under investigation and its approach to evaluating the quantitative impacts of this initiative.

The Impact of Synectics Learning Model Implementation with Mind Mapping Assignments on Reducing Misconceptions and Enhancing Students' Cognitive Learning Outcomes

Innovative learning models are essential to enhance students' cognitive abilities and address misconceptions in physics learning. This study aims to provide an overview of the influence of implementing the Synectics learning model with mind mapping assignments on the quantity of misconceptions and the cognitive learning outcomes of senior high school students. The research employed a quasi-experimental method using a randomized control group pretest-posttest design. The study was conducted on 11th-grade students at a senior high school in Palu, Central Sulawesi, during the 2023/2024 academic year. A cluster random sampling technique was used to select the sample. Data collection was carried out using pretests and posttests to measure the improvement in cognitive learning outcomes, while posttests were used to assess misconceptions experienced by students during learning with the Synectics model with and without mind mapping assignments. Observation sheets were also used to monitor the implementation of the learning process. The results showed an improvement in cognitive abilities for the experimental class, with an average normalized gain (N-Gain) of 0.63 (high), compared to 0.50 (moderate) for the control class. Based on a significance test at the 0.05 level, the findings revealed that the Synectics learning model with mind mapping assignments significantly outperformed the Synectics model without such assignments. Additionally, descriptive analysis of the misconceptions indicated that the Synectics model with mind mapping assignments resulted in fewer misconceptions compared to the model without mind mapping assignments.

The Effects of a Universal, School‐Based Mental Health Literacy Program to Improve Resilience and Self‐Efficacy Among 5–6th Grade Students From Three, Title 1 School in Rural Alabama: Advocates 4 All Youth

ABSTRACTAdvocates 4 ALL Youth (ALLY) is a universal, 6‐week mental health literacy program, implemented in schools during the school day by community volunteers. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of the ALLY program on youth who endorsed negative affect (i.e., self‐reported symptoms of both depression and anxiety). Using a randomized controlled trial design, 5–6th grade students (11–13 years) attending three rural elementary schools in low‐income and predominant African American communities were invited to participate. A total of 109 students (91% African American/Black) participated in the program (91% participation rate) and were randomized into treatment group—who received ALLY (n = 57) or control group (n = 52). All students completed a pre–post‐assessment (baseline and post‐program). A total of 58% youth in the treatment group endorsed negative affect at baseline and this was reduced to 53% post‐program delivery (p < 0.01). No change in negative affect was reported in control group (44% pre and 44% post with self‐reported negative affect). These results suggest that participants at greatest risk for mental health issues may benefit from ALLY.

Modes of Cannabis Administration and Their Associations With Binge Drinking Among 12th Grade Students in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from 2018-2021

Modes of Cannabis Administration and Their Associations With Binge Drinking Among 12th Grade Students in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from 2018-2021

Analysis of the development of physical qualities characteristic of school students' static activities

Analysis of the development of physical qualities characteristic of static activities of students of Grades 5-7 consists in learning. A number of scientific sources on the impact of static exercises on the body of school-age children, the development of physical qualities characteristic of their static activities, and the possibility of using static exercises in physical education lessons to achieve high results in improving work capacity has analyzed. Comparing the pedagogical experiment results shows that, The indicators of static balance in the experimental group improved significantly compared to the control group. The relative growth in the 5th grade of the experimental group was 13.05%, while in the control group it was 6.24%. In the 6th grade, the relative growth in the experimental group was 14.26%, and in the control group it was 6.59%. In the 7th grade, the relative growth in the experimental group was 16.10%, and in the control group it was 7.25%. At the end of the experiment, static endurance increased more in 6th-grade students - by 2.99 s, in 7th-grade students - by 2.54 s, and in 5th-grade schoolchildren, this indicator changed by a small amount - by 2.31 s. The relative growth was 15.28% in 5th-grade students in the experimental group, and 5.42% in the control group. In the 6th grade of the experimental group, it was 15.70%, and in the control group it was 5.32%. In the 7th grade of the experimental group, it was 17.03%, and in the control group it was 6.39%. Among the indicators that grew during the pedagogical experiment, the most reliable result was related to static endurance.

ANALISIS TEORI BELAJAR KOGNITIF DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DI SD

This research aims to analyze the cognitive learning theories proposed by Jean Piaget, Jerome Bruner, Robert Gagné, and David Ausubel, as well as their implications in elementary school mathematics education. The subjects of this research are 4th-grade elementary school students at SDIT AL-IMAN Bojongsari Depok, Indonesia. The research instruments used include literature documentation, interviews, questionnaires, and observations. The research data were analyzed using thematic analysis methods to identify patterns and main themes that emerged from the qualitative data. Data triangulation was conducted by combining results from various research instruments to validate the findings. The results of the analysis show that the application of these cognitive theories can enhance students' understanding of mathematical concepts, problem-solving skills, and learning motivation. Cognitive learning theories in elementary school mathematics education have significant implications for both teachers and students. By applying these theories, mathematics education in elementary schools can become more meaningful, effective, and enjoyable for students. This will help students develop their thinking skills and prepare them to face future challenges

Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) Berbasis Etnomatematika terhadap Kemampuan Numerasi Siswa SMP

This study aims to determine the effect of the Ethnomathematics-Based Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on the numeracy skills of 8th-grade students at SMP Negeri 15 Pekanbaru. The research employs a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group. The sample consists of two classes selected through random sampling: an experimental class taught using the ethnomathematics-based PBL model and a control class taught using conventional learning methods. After conducting the normality test, the post-test significance value for the control class was found to be 0.004, which is smaller than the significance level of 0.05 (0.004 < 0.05). Thus, the data are not normally distributed. Since one of the datasets is not normally distributed, a non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was performed. The test results show an Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000, which is smaller than the significance level of 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). Therefore, H1 is accepted, and H0 is rejected. This indicates a difference in the average numeracy skills between the experimental class and the control class. In other words, the average numeracy skills of students using the Ethnomathematics-Based Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model are better than those of students using the conventional learning model. Hence, the ethnomathematics-based Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model positively impacts the numeracy skills of 8th-grade students at SMP Negeri 15 Pekanbaru. Keywords: Problem Based Learning, Ethnomathematics, Numeracy Skills

Oral Cancer Knowledge and Awareness among Dental students in North Cyprus

Aim: This study aimed to assess oral cancer awareness among undergraduate dental students at Cyprus International University Faculty of Dentistry. Materials and Method: A total of 208 dental students participated voluntarily in a questionnaire. The questionnaire included questions 18 questions on sociodemographic profile, oral cancer awareness, and knowledge. The data were analyzed with the IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0 program. Results: 69 (33.2) % of the participants were 1st-grade, 59 (28.4%) were 2nd-grade, 57 (27.4%) were third-grade, 12 (5.8%) were 4th-grade and 11 (5.3%) were 5th-grade students. The majority of the students identified smoking (81,25%) as a potential risk factor followed by alcohol consumption in second place (62%). The percentage of 5th-grade students who identified smoking as a risk factor was slightly higher than other grades. All grades stated that smoking causes more oral cancer than alcohol. Regarding clinical signs, 62.55% reported that oral cancer can present as an Abnormal mass/lump in the mouth, but only 52.15% of the participants recognized that oral cancer can present as a white and/or red lesion. Tobacco cessation was the most selected option for protecting from oral cancer (78.9%). Regarding oral cancer education and HPV causing oral cancer, 4th and 5th grades significantly showed better knowledge (p

The Effect of Hot Conceptual Change on Students’ Views on the Nature of Science

This study aims to investigate the effect of the teaching model developed for hot conceptual change on middle school 7th-grade students’ understanding of the Nature of Science (NOS) aspects. In this qualitative and exploratory study, activities were carried out with 24 students of two classes in a village school in the South Marmara region using a pretest-posttest control group quasi-experimental design. Students in control (inquiry-based learning-IBL) and experimental (hot conceptual change based on IBL) groups used instructions for teaching the NOS topics in the 7th-grade light unit. The pre-test and post-test data on the NOS were obtained by the Opinions on the Nature of Science Questionnaire (ONSQ). In the analysis of ONSQ data, students’ views on the aspects of the NOS were scored according to the adequate (3), variable (2), and weak (1) categories. These scores were converted into gain scores and considered in the comparison between the groups regarding those aspects. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with two students from each group before and after the implementation. The gains related to NOS aspects obtained with the instructions carried out for seven weeks were presented and results were discussed in the context of the literature on hot conceptual change, IBL, and NOS. Finally, suggestions were made for new research and teaching practices for teachers.

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on physical activity and performance in K-12 physical education: A systematic review

This study explores how the transition to online learning during the COVID-19 lockdown specifically affected the physical performance and activity levels of kindergarten to 12th grade (K-12) students in physical education (PE) classes. This article examines the challenges PE teachers face in maintaining physical activity (PA) engagement remotely and the most effective strategies focusing on a systematic review of the literature published between 2019 and 2023. The study integrates findings from diverse contexts highlighting differences in resources, infrastructure and teacher preparedness. The review highlights specific interventions that successfully mitigated a decline in PA and promoted the physical and mental well-being of students during the pandemic. Among these, structured virtual programs that incorporated innovative technological tools and emphasized family engagement were particularly effective in addressing the decline in physical and mental health indicators. Findings indicate that family participation, easily accessible digital materials, and organized online physical education sessions can be crucial in maintaining students' PA levels. These results underline the importance of tailored strategies to address the unique challenges of online PE and provide evidence for adapting curricula to future crises. This review provides key insights for future applications of online learning in PE with implications for improving student outcomes in physical health during remote learning.

Meningkatkan Pemahaman Sadar Gizi dan Pencegahan Stunting Sejak Dini Siswa SDN Gilii Timur 2 Kecamatan Kamal Bangkalan

This community service program aims to increase the elementary school students' understanding of nutrition and health, especially in terms of stunting in Gili Timur Village. The society needs to encourage their awareness of the importance of balanced nutrition. Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem affecting children's physical and cognitive growth, which can be prevented with early education. The socialization program carried out by KKN-Tematic students involved 4th and 5th grade students in elementary school with an interactive approach, interesting learning media, and participatory discussions. The results of this program showed a significant increase in students' understanding of the causes, impacts, and prevention of stunting. In addition, students gained insight into the importance of a balanced health upon the food and drink consumed. It is expected that this program contributes to efforts to reduce stunting rates and improve the quality of health of future generations.

Penguatan Konsep Mu’amalah dan Kewirausahaan untuk Membangun Kemandirian Ekonomi Santri

This community service program aims to build independence and entrepreneurial character among the students of Pondok Pesantren Nurul Amanah Bangkalan through the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach. The activity involved 10th and 11th-grade students in entrepreneurship training based on the pesantren's business units, such as Bakso Gibras, Nasi Ayam Chili Padi, AMDK, mushroom cultivation, and catfish farming. The methods used include theoretical training on mu'amalah in the context of sharia entrepreneurship and hands-on experience in the pesantren's business units. The results show that the students actively participated in the operations of these businesses and were able to identify opportunities and challenges in managing the businesses. With the ABCD approach, the students gained not only entrepreneurial skills but also social and religious values that support the economic development of the pesantren. This program successfully contributed to the empowerment of the students while developing the pesantren's business units as a sustainable learning tool.

Evaluation of knowledge and attitudes of dentists and dental students about oral cancer

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and negative attitudes of dentists and 4th-grade and 5th-grade students of dentistry towards oral cancer (OC). Methods: The study was conducted on 417 individuals consisting of 100 dentists, 186 5th-grade, and 131 4th-grade students. The questionnaire included questions on demographic characteristics, 10 questions measuring their knowledge about OC risk factors (knowledge-risk factors), 5 questions measuring their knowledge regarding the diagnosis of OC (knowledge-diagnostic procedures), and 11 questions assessing their attitudes towards OC (negative attitudes). Results: While there is no significant difference between dentists and 5th-grade students in knowledge-risk factors and knowledge-diagnostic procedures total scores, the total score of the 4th-grade students was statistically significantly different from these groups (P=.001). Looking at the negative attitudes total score, there is no significant difference between 5th and 4th-grade students, while total score of dentists was observed a statistically significant difference (P=.001). While knowledge-risk factors and knowledge-diagnostic procedures total scores were significantly and positively correlated (r=.287, P

Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Ability of Students in the Merdeka Curriculum

The purpose of this study is to compare the project-based learning model in the "Merdeka Belajar" curriculum and the inquiry learning model in terms of students' critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. The research question is whether there is a difference between these two learning models in terms of students' critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. The independent variable (X) is the project-based learning model (X1), while the dependent variables (Y) are critical thinking ability (Y1) and problem-solving ability (Y2). The research sample was taken from 10th-grade students at SMA Muhammadiyah 4 Surabaya, consisting of 4 classes with a total of 120 students. The research sample was selected from students who have a normal distribution, possess similar characteristics (homogeneous), and have the same average scores. Then, two groups (classes) of students were selected as samples, named as the experimental group and the control group. The analysis technique used was Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). Based on Pillai's trace, Wilks' lambda, Hotelling's trace, and Roy's largest root, the value obtained was 0.000. As 0.000 < 0.05, the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H1) is accepted. This indicates that there is a difference in critical thinking and problem-solving abilities between the project-based learning model and the inquiry learning model.

Far Transfer of Metacognitive Regulation: From Cognitive Learning Strategy Use to Mental Effort Regulation

Training of self-regulated learning is most effective if it supports learning strategies in combination with metacognitive regulation, and learners can transfer their acquired metacognitive regulation skills to different tasks that require the use of the same learning strategy (near transfer). However, whether learners can transfer metacognitive regulation skills acquired in combination with a specific learning strategy to the regulation of a different learning strategy (far transfer) is still under debate. While there is empirical evidence that learners can transfer metacognitive regulation between different learning strategies of the same type (e.g., from one cognitive learning strategy to another), whether transfer also occurs between learning strategies of different types is an open question. Here, we conducted an experimental field study with 5th and 6th grade students (N = 777). Students were cluster-randomized and assigned to one of three groups: two experimental groups receiving different training on the metacognitive regulation of a cognitive learning strategy and one control group receiving no training. After training, students worked on two different tasks; after each task, we measured their metacognitive regulation of a resource management strategy, that is, investing mental effort. Results (based on data from 368 students due to pandemic conditions) indicated far metacognitive regulation transfer: After training, students in the training groups were better able to metacognitively regulate their mental effort than students in the control group. Although effect sizes were small, our results support the hypothesis of far transfer of metacognitive regulation.

Gambaran Perilaku Disiplin Belajar Siswa Kelas 10 SMA Negeri X di Kabupaten Sikka

The purpose of this study was to determine the description of learning discipline in 10th grade students of X State High School in Sikka Regency. This study uses descriptive quantitative research. The population in this study were all students of SMA Negeri X iwhich amounted to 1200 students. The sample in this study amounted to 354 people. Researchers took samples using non-probability sampling techniques, namely purposive sampling with criteria. The criteria determined are Class X students who show undisciplined behavior and are around 14-17 years old. The results showed that the high learning discipline category amounted to 6 people by 1.70%, the moderate learning discipline category amounted to 204 people by 57.63%, and the low learning discipline category amounted to 144 people by 40.67%. Based on the research results, it is concluded that the learning discipline of 10th grade students of SMA Negeri X in Sikka Regency is in the moderate category.

EcoLingua: Optimizing Indonesian Learning through Lumen5 in Digital Era

This scholarly investigation examines the evolution and application of Lumen5-based video instructional media for Indonesian language pedagogy with a specific emphasis on environmental themes. Employing a Research and Development (R&D) methodology through the ADDIE framework, the inquiry produced five interactive videos that address various environmental challenges, including forest fires, flooding, waste management, landslides, and the maintenance of school hygiene. The research encompassed extensive evaluations involving 10th-grade students, utilizing a combination of qualitative and quantitative methodologies to evaluate the efficacy of the video-centric learning paradigm. Findings indicated a 30% enhancement in students' understanding of environmental concepts in comparison to conventional text-based instructional strategies. Moreover, 80% of the students indicated heightened engagement with the educational content, while 75% exhibited advancements in their digital literacy competencies. The utilization of Lumen5's AI-driven platform was found to be effective in producing interactive, visually stimulating materials that are appealing to Generation Z learners. By aligning with the Merdeka Curriculum and integrating local environmental contexts, this inquiry presents a scalable framework for augmenting both language instruction and environmental awareness in the context of the digital era. The outcomes imply that AI-enhanced video learning platforms possess the potential to effectively reconcile the divide between traditional educational approaches and modern instructional requirements while fostering environmental consciousness among learners.

Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA melalui Model Inquiry pada Materi Perubahan Benda di SD An Nuriyah

The low learning outcomes of 6th grade students of SD Islam An-Nuriyah Jagakarsa on the material of changes in science subjects is the main problem of this study. In addition, traditional learning is less able to encourage critical thinking, critical thinking skills and problem-solving skills. The purpose of this study was to improve the learning outcomes of 6th grade students of SD Islam An-Nuriyah Jagakarsa on the material of changes in science subjects. To improve critical thinking, analytical skills, and problem-solving skills, science learning is very important. The inquiry-based learning model is used because it has the ability to encourage students to participate in the active learning process and explore the material independently. This study was designed as a classroom action research (CAR), with two cycles that include planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The research instruments included observation sheets, learning outcome tests, and documentation. The results showed that student learning outcomes increased significantly. Although the average score of students was still below standard during the first cycle, they increased significantly during the second cycle. In addition, in activities such as asking questions, discussing, and experimenting, students showed an increase in desire and encouragement to participate. In conclusion, the inquiry-based learning model improves students' academic achievement in addition to improving their scientific process skills. There is evidence that implementing this model can significantly improve the quality of science learning in elementary schools.

Adolescent depression in school: risk factors and consequences on school functioning

Abstract Adolescents spend most of their formative years in school, making it an important context to consider when investigating crises. A personal crisis that often has its onset during adolescence is depression. To gain a better understanding of depression in school, we explore possible individual and school-related risk factors and outcomes of depressive symptoms in line with current etiology models. First, we investigate the intersection of possible demographic risk factors of depression (female gender, immigration background, SES). Second, we explore school-related factors (conscientiousness, parental expectations, social inclusion) that might be associated with students’ depressive symptoms, and whether depressive symptoms mediate the effects of these school-related factors on school-functioning (grades, test anxiety). The representative data was collected in 30 Austrian secondary schools in a survey study with three waves. The sample consisted of 1874 12th-grade students from 93 classes. We used well-established self-report scales for all constructs that showed good reliability and students’ mean grades on the most recent tests. Analyses were pre-registered. In general, students experienced heightened depressive symptoms. More specifically, calculating a dummy-coded regression, we found female students with an immigration background and low SES to be the most burdened. The results of the mediation model showed depressive symptoms to partially mediate the association of conscientiousness, social inclusion, and parental expectations with test anxiety; this was not observed for grades. Furthermore, we only found conscientiousness to be positively associated with grades. Directions for future research and implications are discussed.