30-minute Group Research Articles

Assessment of Post-Radiation Time Effect on Gene Expression Profiles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Samples After Appling a UV Laser.

Introduction: Widespread application of lasers in different fields of medicine implies more investigations into the molecular mechanism of laser effects on the human body. Network analysis of the dysregulated genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae samples are irradiated by a UV laser and harvested 30 minutes after radiation compared with a 15-minute group is the aim of this research. Methods: The significant dysregulated genes interacted via the STRING database, and the central nodes were determined by "Networkanalyzer" application of Cytoscape software. The critical genes and the related biological terms were identified via action map analysis and gene ontology assessment. Results: The gene expression profiles of the samples with 30-minute post-radiation time were different from the samples with 15 minutes of post-radiation time. 9 potent central genes, 50% of which were similar to the nodes of the 15-minute group, were identified. The terms "positive regulation of telomere maintenance" were targeted in the two sample groups. Conclusion: In spite of large alteration in the gene expression profiles of the samples, the results indicated that the main affected biological term for the 15-minute and 30-minute groups was similar.

Safety Considerations of Adaptive Horseback Riding Program for Adults With Dementia and Their Families

Human-animal interactions, including equine-assisted services, are becoming increasingly popular to enhance the quality of life of adults with dementia and their families. However, there is a lack of knowledge on safety considerations when serving this population. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore the safety perspectives of key stakeholders involved in an adaptive horseback riding program for adults with dementia and their families. Ten, 30-minute semi-structured interviews and two, 60-minute focus groups were conducted with horseback riding program instructors and staff, dementia specialists, and adults with dementia and their families. Thematic analysis of data were guided by the Professional Association of Therapeutic Horsemanship International’s Core Safety Standards and completed using NVivo 12. Stakeholders described two central themes to consider when offering equine-assisted services at therapeutic horseback riding centers to adults with dementia and their families 1) dementia and horse training parameters, and 2) enrollment procedures. Stakeholders recommended that training should encompass “how to interact and communicate in a positive way with the adult with dementia…redirect if a behavior comes up”, and horses should be specially selected to “tolerate standing in a ramp during a difficult mount”. Stakeholders also shared that enrollment in the program should include learning the adult’s health and prior horse experience, precautions and contraindications, horseback riding readiness, and availability of and support from family. Information gleaned from this study may help researchers, instructors, and staff develop policies that demonstrate optimal safety practices when delivering equine-assisted services to adults with dementia and their families.

Mantra meditation as adjunctive therapy in major depression: A randomized controlled trial

• Mantra meditation is an effective add-on treatment in major depression. • Mantra meditation is superior to progressive muscle relaxation. • After 6 months, mantra meditation mainly improved mood rather than cognitive symptoms. • Untapped potentials of mantra meditation warrant further research. To investigate the efficacy of add-on mantra meditation compared to progressive muscle relaxation in major depression. This study was a two-arm, single-site, raterblinded, randomized controlled trial involving 123 inpatients at a psychiatric hospital diagnosed with major depression according to DSM-IV criteria (January 2017 to June 2020). The treatment group practiced mantra meditation (MAM, N = 60); the comparator group practiced progressive muscle relaxation (PMR, N = 63). Both treatments were delivered via an introductory lesson followed by 30-minute group sessions twice weekly, adjunctively to usual treatment for depressive inpatients (TAU). The primary outcome measure was change in clinician-rated depression symptom severity, measured by the MADRS interview. The secondary outcome measure was self-reported depression severity, measured by the BDI-II questionnaire. Intentionto-treat was analyzed using linear mixed models. The TAU + MAM group had significantly greater improvements in MADRS score than the TAU + PMR group, both at the 3- month follow-up (between-group difference = 4.78, 95% CI = -8.32 – -1.42; d = 0.62) and at the 6-month follow-up (between-group difference = -6.24, 95% CI = -9.80 – -2.69; d = 0.79). Posttreatment, self-reported depression symptom severity was not significantly lower in the TAU + MAM group than in the TAU + PMR group. Exploratory analysis of the differences between primary and secondary outcomes showed that mantra meditation mainly improved mood rather than cognitive symptoms. In inpatients with major depression, adjunctive mantra meditation led to clinically relevant reduction in depressive symptom severity. Further research would build evidence for the untapped potentials of mantra meditation. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier : NCT03004430

Preservice teachers’ experiences as first-time voice instructors

Authentic context learning (ACL) experiences have proven beneficial to preservice music teachers in a variety of ways and settings. While research specific to ACL within instrumental and choral music contexts is extensive, there have been no investigations of ACL in an applied voice setting. The purpose of this study was to investigate six preservice music teachers’ experiences as first-time voice instructors. Through an examination of verbal and written reflections, I sought to learn how the experience of teaching voice shaped preservice teachers’ perceptions of their own instruction and how this ACL experience shaped their identity as teachers. Six undergraduate music education majors at a large Midwestern university in the United States instructed weekly, 30-minute voice lessons for 8 consecutive weeks. Data collection methods included: (a) participants’ weekly lesson logs (b) participants’ weekly lesson reflections (c) participants’ final reflections, and (d) one, 60-minute focus group. Preservice teachers perceived modeling and kinesthetic activities to be the most effective teaching strategies, and realized their own deficiencies as vocal instructors. Music teacher educators should consider facilitating opportunities for preservice teachers to teach vocal technique in a variety of settings.

6.13 What Happens to Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder After Online Group Social Skills Training? A Pilot Study Using an Online, Personalized Peer Group for Application of the Learned Social Skills

Evidence-based social skills training for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is manualized, using multiple strategies, including direct instruction and modeling. Declining effect sizes over time, and measurement limitations, raise questions about the success in transitions from formal training to application of learned skills in naturalistic settings. The objectives of this presentation are to: 1) create online, personalized peer groups for children with ASD to implement acquired social skills; and 2) propose novel methods to measure children's social skills. Twelve participants with ASD completed 4 sessions in 4 weeks. Prior to joining, each participant was prescreened and grouped with others based on similar communication level and interests/hobbies. Participants joined their 60-minute online video group of 5 to 7 typical and ASD youth, led by a moderator trained by a board-certified behavioral analyst. They freely engaged in conversations and activities. Sessions were recorded and individually analyzed to assess social engagement (eg, time in session, percentage of sessions attended, percentage of time speaking), the amount of initiated or sustained conversation (eg, number of times talked, total talk duration), and the overall quality of reciprocity (eg, time vocalizing, wait time before speaking). Youth (median age = 15.9 years, interquartile range [IQR] 14-21; 75% male) participated in the groups. There was a 3.6% increase in the percentage of the session attended (ie, staying on camera), and a 2-minute decrease in total talk duration. An increase in the number of times talked and the percentage of speaking was also observed. Overall, the equity of voice became more evenly distributed, and the number of times a participant reflected before responding increased from 76 to 101 times during a 1-hour session in 1 peer group. Our results suggest that an online peer group provides an opportunity for children with ASD to effectively practice the application of acquired social skills, measured by novel objective tools.

THIS WORKSHOP WILL BE IMPROVISED: HOW THE PRINCIPLES OF IMPROVISATIONAL THEATER CAN MAKE YOU A BETTER TEACHER, TEAMMATE, AND CLINICIAN

This is a workshop for educators, clinicians, residents, child and adolescent psychiatry fellows, and students to improve their communication and teaching skills through a series of interactive sessions based around the principles of improvisational theater. The participants will, within the context of the session, improve their abilities to think on their feet, learn to adapt to common mistakes and errors in communication, and improve their abilities to connect in the moment with students, colleagues, and patients. The Workshop is designed to be a 2½-hour program. The time will be allotted into a 30-minute opening discussion about improvisational theory and its usefulness in an educational setting, followed by three 30-minute breakout groups designed to build improvisational skill. We will close with a 30-minute wrap-up session and demonstration period along with a Q&A session with the facilitators. 1) Opening: The 2 facilitators will discuss utilization of improvisational theory in facilitating effective communication, adapting to change, and managing stress. One introductory discussion will be led by a medical doctor (Lee Lewis, MD), and the other will be led by an improvisational teacher and author (Gregory Tavares). 2) Workshop 1: The first workshop will focus on improving attendees’ abilities to think on their feet. Specific improvisational skills and games will be taught to show the importance of a quick and agile mind and how to tap into and enhance your ability to improvise. 3) Workshop 2: The second workshop will focus on adapting to errors and mistakes. Specific improvisational skills and games will be utilized to examine how some errors occur and how to adapt in the moment effectively to maximize educational and communicative benefit. 4) Workshop 3: The final workshop will focus on making connections. Specific improvisational skills and games will be utilized to show attendees how to bond with students, colleagues, and patients more effectively in clinical and educational settings. Participants will learn valuable communication and teaching skills, including thinking on your feet, being adaptable to change, and making personal connections. In a very informative and fun workshop, attendees’ communication skills will be improved by a “crash course” in improvisational theater skills.

Efficacy of endoscopic large balloon dilation extended for 2minutes in bile duct stone removal: A multicenter retrospective study.

There is no evidence regarding the optimal balloon dilation time during endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation (EPLBD). The study aim was to evaluate the efficacy of 2-minute extended balloon dilation for EPLBD. Two hundred and five patients who underwent EPLBD during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for bile duct stones at three tertiary centers were included in the analysis. Clinical outcomes and the adverse events were compared between the 0-minute group (n=94, balloon deflated immediately after waist disappearance) and the 2-minute group (n=111, balloon dilation maintained for 2minutes after waist disappearance). The risk factors of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) after EPLBD were assessed. There were no significant differences in the stone removal rates and hospitalization periods between the two groups. However, the total ERCP procedure time was significantly shorter in the 2-minute group (40.6 vs 48.9min, P=.03). The incidence of PEP was 7.4% in the 0-minute group and significantly lower at 0.9% in the 2-minute group (P=.04). Multivariate analysis identified without 2-minute extended EPLBD as a significant risk factor of PEP (OR: 9.9, P=.045). Extension of EPLBD for 2 minutes helped prevent PEP and shortened the procedure time.

Category 1 cesarean section decision to delivery interval: the causes of delay and impact on neonatal outcomes

Objectives: The introduction of cesarean section categorization and recommendations on decision to delivery interval was a major step forward towards standardizing clinical response to obstetric emergencies. The recommended decision to delivery interval (DDI) for category 1 cesarean sections is 30 minutes, however there is a balance to be struck to ensure that reducing fetal hypoxic risk is not at the expense of increasing maternal and fetal morbidity. The aim of the study was to review category 1 cesarean sections, focusing on reasons for delays and neonatal outcomes. Design: The study was conducted as a quality improvement initiative to review the performance of the institution in managing women delivered as category 1 cesarean section between January 2020 and August 2020. Methods: The data was extracted from the operating theatre log book and patient electronic records (Cerner system) and analyzed using SPSS statistics package. Results: There were 577 cases of category 1 Cesarean section undertaken during the study period. The recommended DDI of 30 minutes was achieved in 385/577 (67%) of cases but was exceeded in 192/577 (33%) of cases. The most common indication of category 1 cesarean section was fetal distress (58%). It was noted that significantly more women (88.8%) in the <30-minute group had the decision taken in the labor ward, which is in close proximity to the obstetric theatre. Significantly more women in the <30-minute group had epidural or general anesthesia. Significant delays in the preparation time, transfer time, anesthesia time and delivery time were noted in the >30-minute group. The neonates in the <30-minute group had significantly lower pH and base excess measurements at birth however fewer were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that only two thirds of category 1 cesarean deliveries are performed within the 30-minute recommendation. The delays were evident at every stage of the process of performing the cesarean. There are some factors which are not modifiable such as non labor ward transfers. Continued monitoring of category 1 cesarean outcomes is recommended.

Brief Electrical Stimulation Accelerates Axon Regeneration and Promotes Recovery Following Nerve Transection and Repair in Mice.

Clinical outcomes following nerve injury repair can be inadequate. Pulsed-current electrical stimulation (ES) is a therapeutic method that facilitates functional recovery by accelerating axon regeneration. However, current clinical ES protocols involve the application of ES for 60 minutes during surgery, which can increase operative complexity and time. Shorter ES protocols could be a strategy to facilitate broader clinical adoption. The purpose of the present study was to determine if a 10-minute ES protocol could improve outcomes. C57BL/6J mice were randomized to 3 groups: no ES, 10 minutes of ES, and 60 minutes of ES. In all groups, the sciatic nerve was transected and repaired, and, in the latter 2 groups, ES was applied after repair. Postoperatively, changes to gene expression from dorsal root ganglia were measured after 24 hours. The number of motoneurons regenerating axons was determined by retrograde labeling at 7 days. Histomorphological analyses of the nerve were performed at 14 days. Function was evaluated serially with use of behavioral tests up to 56 days postoperatively, and relative muscle weight was evaluated. Compared with the no-ES group, both ES groups demonstrated increased regeneration-associated gene expression within dorsal root ganglia. The 10-minute and 60-minute ES groups demonstrated accelerated axon regeneration compared with the no-ES group based on increased numbers of labeled motoneurons regenerating axons (mean difference, 202.0 [95% confidence interval (CI), 17.5 to 386.5] and 219.4 [95% CI, 34.9 to 403.9], respectively) and myelinated axon counts (mean difference, 559.3 [95% CI, 241.1 to 877.5] and 339.4 [95% CI, 21.2 to 657.6], respectively). The 10-minute and 60-minute ES groups had improved behavioral recovery, including on grid-walking analysis, compared with the no-ES group (mean difference, 11.9% [95% CI, 3.8% to 20.0%] and 10.9% [95% CI, 2.9% to 19.0%], respectively). There was no difference between the ES groups in measured outcomes. A 10-minute ES protocol accelerated axon regeneration and facilitated functional recovery. The brief (10-minute) ES protocol provided similar benefits to the 60-minute protocol in an acute sciatic nerve transection/repair mice model and merits further studies.

Effect of Daily Usage Time of 4% Hydrogen Peroxide on the Efficacy and Bleaching-induced Tooth Sensitivity: A Single-blind Randomized Clinical Trial.

Compare the risk/intensity of tooth sensitivity (TS) and color change of a 30-minute vs. the recommended 120-minute application time of 4% hydrogen peroxide (HP) for at-home bleaching. A single-blind, parallel, randomized clinical trial was conducted with 92 adult patients with caries and restoration-free anterior teeth A2 or darker, randomly allocated to two groups. Bleaching trays containing 4% HP were used for three-weeks. A four-week regimen was also offered to the patients for the 30-min group after the end of the 3-week protocol. The color change was assessed with the Vita Classical (VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany) and Vita Bleachedguide shade guides (VITA Zahnfabrik) and the Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer (VITA Zahnfabrik) at baseline, weekly, and 30 days after the bleaching. The absolute risk and the intensity of TS were assessed daily using the 0-10 visual analogue scale (VAS) and 5-point Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scale, and patient satisfaction was recorded with a Likert 0-7 scale. Risk of TS (Fisher's test), intensity of TS in NRS scale (Mann-Whitney test), VAS scale (t-test), and a color change (t-test) were compared. The 30-minute group saw color change of around 1 SGU inferior to the 120-minute group in all-time assessments (p<0.05). After an extra week of bleaching, mean color change was similar (p>0.05). Patient satisfaction was high for both groups (p>0.05). A four-week protocol of at-home dental bleaching with 4% HP for 30 minutes/day whitened teeth similarly to the 120 minutes/day protocol, with low intensity of dental sensitivity and high patient satisfaction.

Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Automated Office Blood Pressure Readings After Zero or Five Minutes of Rest.

[Figure: see text].

“I'm not going to be a guinea pig:” Medical mistrust as a barrier to male contraception for Black American men in Los Angeles, CA

BackgroundRacial disparities in unintended pregnancy and contraceptive use in the United States are not mediated by access to family planning services alone. Rather, a history of medical mistrust underlies Black Americans’ adoption of new medical technologies, inclusive of contraception. Efforts to develop hormonal male contraceptives need to incorporate Black Americans’ experiences and perspectives so that new contraceptives enable their reproductive goals and promote gender equity. Study DesignWorking with our community-based partner, Healthy African American Families in Los Angeles, California, we conducted six 60-minute focus group discussions with 39 Black men over age 18, in ongoing heterosexual relationships, to explore attitudes towards and willingness to use hormonal male contraceptives. ResultsJust over one-third (35%) of respondents reported willingness to use or rely on hormonal male contraceptives. The majority held negative attitudes about hormonal male contraceptives, citing concerns about side effects and safety. Several respondents expressed mistrust of the medical community and medical research, noting that hormonal male contraceptives could be used against Black communities; several expressed unwillingness to trial hormonal male contraceptives without years of testing. However, all groups described scenarios where they would use them despite stated concerns. ConclusionsBlack men's hypothetical willingness to use hormonal male contraceptives is limited by medical mistrust, which may be overcome by their concerns about the unreliability of current options or the contraceptive behaviors of female partners. Nevertheless, addressing Black Americans’ history of medical mistreatment and exploitation will be essential for hormonal male contraceptives to positively contribute to Black men's reproductive options and agency. ImplicationsWhile the development of reversible, hormonal male contraception intends to fulfill unmet global needs for contraception, the utility of these hormonal male contraceptive methods among Black men living on low incomes in Los Angeles, California cannot be fully realized until developers address and overcome historical and ongoing medical mistrust.

PCN211 Health-Related Quality of Life in DLBCL Patients Treated with CAR T-Cell Therapy:

from a Focus Group The curative potential of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T) therapy has dramatically altered the treatment landscape for relapsed and refractory hematologic malignancies. Currently, there is a dearth of research on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) experiences of patients treated with CAR T therapy. The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify and understand the key domains of HRQoL for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients treated with CAR T therapy. A targeted literature review was conducted to identify domains of common patient-reported outcome measures (PROs) used in DLBCL clinical trials. The results informed the development of a moderator guide that was used following IRB approval to facilitate an in-person focus group with individuals who had received CAR T therapy to treat DLBCL to understand their experience with the treatment and its impact on their HRQoL. Eleven individuals treated with CAR T therapy participated in the 60-minute focus group. Participants highlighted impairments across several domains, including social functioning (82%), emotional functioning (64%), fatigue (55%), and physical functioning (46%) when discussing experiences before CAR T therapy. Participants reported worsening across these domains by up to 27% during CAR T therapy except for social functioning which was unchanged. Most participants highlighted experiencing substantial improvements across these domains six months after treatment where less than half of participants reported experiencing impairments in social functioning (46%) and only 36% reported fatigue or impairments in physical functioning. Two participants (18%) reported emotional functioning impairments (e.g., anxiety, fear) six months after treatment. This study provided valuable qualitative patient data on the impact of CAR T therapy on HRQoL. The results provided supportive evidence for domains in various PRO measures – like the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EQ-5D –used in DLBCL clinical trials; however, more research is needed to validate the qualitative results.

The Effect of Reading Activity on Verbal Fluency in Older Adults

Introduction: The high prevalence of dementia affecting verbal fluency have been one of the global major concerns. Therefore, strategies to maintain or improve the verbal fluency in older adults is needed. Neuroplasticity-based program in the form of reading has been shown to affect the verbal fluency. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of reading activity on verbal fluency in the older adults. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest control group design. Thirty older adults were included. The inclusion criteria were more than 60 years of age, being to speak, being able to read, scores > 24, for the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, having intention to fill out the reading habits questionnaire criteria. The exclusion criteria were the history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and psychiatric disorders, head trauma injury of neurological disorders, hearing loss and alcohol use. The patients were assigned into three groups: the control group (C-G), the 15-minute reading intervention group (G-15), and 30-minute reading intervention group (G-30). The reading aloud activity was given for 14 days. The verbal fluency was evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using oneway ANOVA, Post Hoc, and paired T-test. Results: There were significant differences among groups in post-test phonemic score (p 0.05). Conclusion: The reading activity intervention for two weeks affects verbal fluency in older adults by increasing the phonemic score but not semantic score.

Decrease in dysbaric osteonecrosis severity as a result of 45-minute oxygen pre-breathe

Sudden decompression can result in bubble formation as the result of nitrogen gas (N2) dissolved in tissue during disabled submarine escape (DISSUB). This may cause dysbaric osteonecrosis (DON), a condition in long bones where bubbles in fatty marrow result in ischemia and necrosis. Previous research has shown that oxygen (O2) pre-breathe of two hours resulted in a reduction of DON; however, effects of shorter O2 pre-breathe remain uncertain. This study’s aim was to understand the effect of shorter lengths of O2 pre-breathe. Eight adult Suffolk ewes (89.5± 11.5 kg) were exposed to 33 feet of seawater (fsw) for 24 hours. They were placed randomly into four groups and exposed to either 45, 30 or 15 minutes of O2 (91-88%) pre-breathe; the controls received none. They were then rapidly decompressed. Alizarin complexone was later injected intravenously to visualize the extent of DON in the right and left long bones (radii, tibiae, femur and humeri). The 30- and 15-minute pre-breathe groups saw the greatest deposition. There was significant decrease of variance in the 45-minute group when compared with all other treatments, suggesting that 45 minutes of O2 pre-breathe is required to effectively increase confidence in the reduction of DON. Similar confidence was not reflected in the 30-minute and 15-minute groups: 45 minutes of pre-breathe was the minimum amount needed to effectively prevent against DON in DISSUB escape at 33 fsw. However, future research is needed to determine how to calculate effective dosages of O2 pre-breathe to prevent DON in any given scenario.

Modified middle cerebral artery occlusion model provides detailed intraoperative cerebral blood flow registration and improves neurobehavioral evaluation

BackgroundMiddle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with 1 -h ischemia followed by reperfusion is a widely used stroke model in rodents that has significant limitations such as high mortality and severe neurological deficit hampering comprehensive neurobehavioral evaluation. The goal of this study was to establish a mouse model of 30-minute MCAO followed by 48 h of reperfusion and compare it with 1 -h MCAO followed by 24 h of reperfusion. New MethodHere we propose a modified MCAO model that is favorable for both neurobehavioral and infarct volume evaluation. The model includes shorter ischemic time (30 min) of MCAO followed by 48 h of reperfusion and use of standardized intraoperative partial and total reperfusion, which allows for the detailed evaluation of initial and total reperfusion by means of the monitoring of CBF by LDF. Results and Comparison with Existing MethodIntraoperative CBF parameters and infarct volume (1-h MCAO at 24 h: 69 ± 9; 30-minute MCAO at 48 h: 65 ± 14 mm3) did not significantly differ between groups. Neurological deficit was less severe in 30-minute MCAO group where mice also had significantly longer ambulatory distance and time, lower resting time, and higher vertical count on the OPF. The latency to fall in the rotarod test was significantly higher in 30-minute MCAO group. The mortality was higher after 1 -h MCAO. Conclusions30-minute MCAO followed by 48 h of reperfusion causes intraoperative ischemia, reperfusion and infarct volume comparable with 1 -h MCAO followed by 24 h of reperfusion but results in lower mortality with milder neurological deficit allowing for more extensive neurobehavioral evaluation.

Effects of Aerobic Exercise Variables on Production of Creatine Phosphokinase in Stroke Patients

Background: Physical therapy applied to stroke patients is recognized as a treatment that promotes function recovery, and it is a widely known fact that constant exercise should be performed. However, there are insufficient studies on exercise intensity and exercise time that can minimize side effects and maximize function recovery for exercise therapy. Objectives: To determine the effect of exercise variables on CPK generation during aerobic exercise in stroke patients and to discover how to use appropriate exercise intensity and time when conducting an exercise for function recovery in stroke patients. Design: Quasi-experimental research. Methods: This study classified subjects into three groups (low-intensity exercise group: LIE, moderate-intensity exercise group: MIE and high-intensity exercise group: HIE) according to exercise intensity, and was further classified into two groups (10-minute exercise group: 10MG and 20-minute exercise group: 20MG) according to exercise time variables within each exercise intensity group. After, the change in CPK according to exercise intensity and time was confirmed through hematological analysis. Results: In LIE and MIE, the CPK blood concentrations before and after exercise were increased in 10MG and 20MG, which was not statistically significant (P>.05). In HIE, the CPK blood concentrations before and after exercise were increased in 10MG, and it was statistically significant (P<.05). In HIE, the CPK blood concentrations before and after exercise were increased in 20MG, and it was statistically significant (P<.01). In 10MG and 20MG, the CPK blood concentrations before and after exercises were increased in all intensity group, and there was a statistically significant difference only in HIE. Conclusion: From the results of this study, considering CPK, it will be helpful to recover and improve function if the exercise intensity setting is applied in the type of moderate intensity exercise during physical therapy interventions in stroke patients.

Strategies to Occupations in Recovering Youth Enrolled in a Recovery High School

The purpose of this paper is to provide a program description and supporting data to demonstrate that occupation-based interventions can be implemented in a recovery high school. An occupational therapist was a co-facilitator in a 60-minute 11-week group with a convenience sample of 12th grade students (n = 3) in a substance use recovery high school. This paper details the evidence-based interventions utilized during each phase of the group program including narrative interviewing, reflective listening, goal setting, identity exploration, and occupational engagement. Participant attendance and satisfaction are reported, and methods of program assessment are described. This program description can be used to inform future research evaluating program efficacy.

Group Music Intervention Using Percussion Instruments to Reduce Anxiety Among Elderly Male Veterans with Alzheimer Disease.

BackgroundThis study aimed to assess the impact of a group music intervention on anxiety and depression of elderly male veterans with dementia.Material/MethodsIn total, 50 elderly men with Alzheimer disease were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Patients in the intervention group attended a 60-minute group music session that used percussion instruments with familiar music in the morning once a week for 12 weeks, whereas those in the control group received a rest and reading session at the same intervals and under the same conditions. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and Geriatric Depression Scale were used to assess anxiety and depression at baseline, week 6, and week 12. The Primary Measures of Music Audiation (PMMA) was used to assess musical aptitude at the baseline.ResultsA significant reduction in the anxiety level following the 12-week music sessions was observed in the intervention group (P<.001), but there was no significant change in the control group. However, the change in depressive symptoms between the 2 groups was nonsignificant. In the intervention group, when stratifying patients based on music aptitude determined through PMMA assessment, patients with high PMMA scores had significantly reduced anxiety symptoms over time compared with those with low scores.ConclusionsFor elderly male veterans with dementia, participating in a group music intervention reduced anxiety symptoms. In patients with high musical aptitude, the treatment effects on anxiety reduction were satisfactory. Measures of music aptitude may provide valuable information regarding patients’ response to music intervention.

What Factors Influence Clinicians' Use of Technology in Neurorehabilitation? A Multisite Qualitative Study.

Technology is being increasingly used for physical assessment and interventions in health care settings. However, clinical adoption is relatively slow, and the factors affecting use remain underexplored. This study aimed to investigate factors influencing technology use by clinicians working in neurorehabilitation. In this qualitative study, 9 physical therapists and 9 occupational therapists (N=18) were recruited from urban and regional locations in Australia and in Singapore. Three 60-minute focus groups were conducted via video conferencing. Each group comprised 3 physical therapists and 3 occupational therapists working across different neurorehabilitation settings. Participants were asked to discuss which technologies they used in their workplace for physical assessment and treatment and barriers, motivators, and future desires for technology use. Transcripts were analyzed independently using an inductive approach to generate codes and themes. Our results comprised 3 themes and 7 categories. These were encompassed by a single overarching theme, namely "Technology use is influenced by the benefits and challenges of the technology itself, users, and organizational context." Themes showed that technology should promote effective interventions, is preferred if easy to use, and should be dependable. Furthermore, clinical reasoning is important, and users have varying levels of receptivity and confidence in technology use. Also, organizational resources are required, along with supportive cultures and processes, to facilitate technology use. The themes identified multiple and interlinking factors influencing clinicians' use of technology in neurorehabilitation settings. Clinicians often consider context-specific benefits and challenges when deciding whether to use technology. Although our study found that clinicians generally perceived technology as having a beneficial role in improving health outcomes, there were several challenges raised. Therefore, the characteristics of the technology itself, individual users, and organizational context should be considered. These findings will guide successful technology implementation and future developments.