4D Model Research Articles

Pengembangan Media Interaktif Canva untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pronunciation Siswa SD Muhammadiyah 8 Banjarmasin

This study aims to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of Canva-based interactive PowerPoint media to enhance pronunciation skills among fifth-grade students at SD Muhammadiyah 8 Banjarmasin. Employing a Research and Development (R&D) methodology with a 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate), the research identifies specific learning needs, designs prototypes, validates media through expert reviews, and implements it in the classroom. Observations revealed challenges such as limited vocabulary, pronunciation difficulties, and monotonous teaching methods relying on textbooks and audio recordings. The developed media combines visual, audio, and interactive elements, including quizzes, to engage students. Validation results showed high feasibility, with expert ratings averaging over 98%. A trial with 19 students demonstrated a significant improvement in pronunciation, with an average pre-test score of 62.36 increasing to 83.84 in the post-test, supported by an N-Gain of 0.50 (medium effectiveness). Feedback from teachers and students indicated that the media was practical, visually appealing, and motivational. The findings suggest that Canva-based interactive PowerPoint media effectively addresses pronunciation challenges while enhancing student engagement and learning outcomes. This research highlights the transformative potential of integrating digital tools into education, offering practical solutions for language learning at the elementary level

Development of Mathematics Learning Tools Using Hopscotch Games to Enhance Students' Creative Thinking in the Topic of Plane Figures' Area

The creative thinking ability of students in mathematics remains very low in practice. Creative thinking skills can be enhanced through contextual mathematics learning by connecting mathematics to everyday life, and one of its examples is the use of hopscotch games. However, in reality, there are no existing learning tools that incorporate games to improve students’ creative thinking skills. This study is a developmental research aimed at designing mathematics learning tools with hopscotch games on the topic of the area of plane figures, aligned with the Merdeka Curriculum. The development model used is the 4D model. Data collection techniques include observation, tests, and questionnaires. Validity is determined through the validation results of teaching modules, student worksheets and test packages. Practicality is assessed from observations on the implementation of the learning tools, while effectiveness is measured by learning mastery, N-Gain category, student response questionnaires, and statistical tests. The research results indicate that the developed learning tools meet the criteria of being valid, practical, and effective. The validity coefficients for the teaching module, student worksheets and test packages are 3.38, 3.31, and 3.43. The observation results for the implementation of the learning tools achieved a score of 3.83, categorized as high. The classical mastery percentage reached 76.5%, with 100% of students in at least the medium N-Gain category. Students’ responses were positive, and there was a significant influence of the implementation of mathematics learning tools with hopscotch games on improving students’ creative thinking skills. Therefore, these learning tools are deemed feasible and effective for enhancing students’ creative thinking abilities through hopscotch games.

Design and development of job sheets to facilitate independent learning in Workshop Practices and Engineering Drawing Subjects: A case study at Vocational Secondary School

Introduction: This study investigates the necessity for innovative and effective practical learning media by developing a Job Sheet and assessing its feasibility through evaluation process that includes media experts, subject matter experts, and end-users.Methods: This study utilized a Research and Development approach based on the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate) to systematically and iteratively refine the Job Sheet. Data were gathered through descriptive observation, semi-structured interviews, and questionnaires, subsequently subjected to thorough quantitative analysisResults: The feasibility evaluation resulted in an 87.5% score from media experts, underscoring the Job Sheet's robust design principles, usability, and conformity with digital learning media standards. A score of 92.5% from subject matter experts indicated the material's relevance, accuracy, and alignment with learning objectives. The results of user testing indicated an 85% satisfaction score, affirming the practicality and engagement potential of the Job Sheet in actual educational contexts. Conclusions: The findings highlight the substantial role of the Job Sheet as an effective resource for improving practical learning. This study emphasizes the potential of tailored learning media to connect theoretical and practical knowledge, thereby enhancing student engagement and facilitating effective skill acquisition.

Development of Worksheets in Radical Expressions Embedded with Meranaw Cultural Elements for Grade 9 Learners

This research developed learning tools in the form of a culture-based learner worksheet using 4D model. The purpose of this study is to obtain culture-integrated learner worksheets for Grade 9 learners to enhance skills and engage learners with learning math. The achievement test of the participants in the control and experimental group was compared to check if there is a significant difference between them. Based on the result of experimental group there is a statistically significant difference between the pre-test and posttest scores, whereas the control group showed minimal improvement. This suggests that the worksheets had significant impact on the learner’s performance. This notable outcome of the worksheets was the positive impact on students’ overall learning experience and self-efficacy.

Development of a responsive web-based digital library for geography education students

A responsive web-based digital library is an application built with web technology to allow users to access digital collections via the Internet. Most digital libraries have not adequately addressed the need for self-directed learning for students, so students' access to educational resources is still limited. This study aimed to determine the development of a responsive web-based digital library for geography education students through an analysis of the identification of the planning process for a responsive web-based digital library, a feasibility evaluation by experts, and an assessment of geography education students’ responses. The research method used a Research and Development strategy through the 4D model (define, design, develop, and disseminate). The result was that the research plan involved needs analysis for students. The system design used case and activity diagrams and prototype development validated by experts. Expert evaluation on usability, navigation, graphic design, content, and compatibility falls in the 62.50% < score ≤ 81.25% range, indicating feasibility. The study result was a research plan involving needs analysis for geography education students. The system design used case and activity diagrams and the development of a prototype validated by experts. Expert evaluations on usability, navigation, graphic design, content, and compatibility were in the range of 62.50% < score ≤ 81.25%, indicating feasibility. Students' responses showed that the highest percentages were visual communication (80.73%, very good), usability (76.03%, good), and device compatibility (78.18%, good). In conclusion, this study provides significant contributions to supporting self-directed learning by providing easier access to academic resources for geography education students.

Development of Student Activity Sheets (LAPD) Oriented to Project Based Learning (PjBL) to Improve Chemical Literacy Skills on Redox Material

In the era of 21st century skills, the literacy scores of Indonesian students according to the results of the PISA study (2022) are still relatively low. The existence of learning loss after the covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on reducing learning outcomes and students' chemical literacy skills on redox material. This research aims to produce LAPD oriented to project based learning to improve chemical literacy skills on redox material. The method used is Research and Development (R&D) with a 4D model (define, design, develop, disseminate), but is limited to the develop stage. In this research, a limited trial was conducted on 29 students in 11th Grde Science 2 class, at a private school in Mojokerto, who had received redox material. Data analysis was carried out descriptively quantitatively. The validity (content and construct) of LAPD is valid, obtaining a mode of 4 with a good category. The practicality of LAPD is practical, the results of the student response questionnaire obtained a percentage of 96.78% with a very good category. The effectiveness of LAPD iseffective, the n-gain of the chemical literacy test with a high category of 93.10% and a medium category of 6.90%; and the results of the paired sample t-test obtained a Sig.2-tailed value of 0.000 < 0.05 so that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that LAPD oriented to project based learning to improve chemical literacy skills on redox material, worthy of use

Development of Science Technology Society (STS)-Based Physics Student Worksheet to Improve Students’ Science Literacy

The research on the development of Science Technology Society (STS)-based physics student worksheet has been conducted. This study aims to: (i) produce valid STS-based physics student worksheets, (ii) analyze the practicality of STS-based physics student worksheets, and (iii) analyze the effectiveness of STS-based physics student worksheets on students’ science literacy at SMAN 4 Gowa. The research method is Research and Development (R&D) with 4D model. The subjects of this research trial were 35 students of class XI IPA 1 at SMAN 4 Gowa. The instruments used include validation sheets, practitioner assessment questionnaires, and science literacy test instruments. Validity criteria based on expert validation results analyzed with Aiken's Index. Practicality criteria based on practitioners’ assessment result. Effectiveness criteria based on students' science literacy test result analyzed with N-gain equation. The results showed: (i) The validity of STS-based physics student worksheets meets the valid criteria with an expert agreement index (V) of 0.80, (ii) The practicality of STS-based physics student worksheets meets the practical criteria with a percentage of practitioner assessment of 91.88% in the very practical category, (iii) The effectiveness of STS-based physics student worksheets on science literacy of SMAN 4 Gowa students meets the effective criteria with an N-gain score of 0.42 in the medium category. Based on this research, it can be concluded that STS-based physics student worksheets are valid, practical, and effective in terms of improving students' science literacy.

Pengembangan LKPD Biologi Materi Keanekaragaman Hayati Terintegrasi Higher Order Thinking Skills

LKPD is a teaching material product that is often used by teachers. The development of LKPD that integrates HOTS questions is needed to increase students' motivation and science process activities. This study aims to determine the validity, and feasibility of using LKPDs integrated with HOTS in class X biodiversity biology material at Al-Hamzar High School. The research method with the type of research is the development of the 4D model (Defaine the definition stage of development needs, Designe the LKPD design stage, Develop the LKPD manufacturing stage with expert validation, and Disseminate the dissemination stage through limited trials). The research instrument used hots-based LKPD and expert validation sheets. The results of the research on the validation results of teaching materials with a score range of 159.99 <X with a very feasible category and on the material validation sheet are valid with several revisions by three expert validators, namely teaching material validators, material validators and language validators. HOTS LKPD is used in the learning process to determine the extent to which students understand the biodiversity of living things.

Development e-worksheet using PjBL on environmental pollution to enhance environmental literacy of tenth grade high school

The increasing environmental issues demand environmental literacy among the younger generation. 21st-century learning with PjBL-based worksheet can make the learning process more interactive, contextual, and focused on solving real-world problems. This research aims to:(1) produce an E-worksheet with the PjBL model on environmental pollution that is feasible as a learning model for 10th grade high school; (2) produce an E-worksheet with the PjBL model on environmental pollution that is practically for biological teachers and 10th grade high school; (3) produce an E-worksheet with the PjBL model on environmental pollution that is effective in improving environmental literacy for 10th grade high school. This research uses the R&D mode, specifically the 4D model. The research instruments included interview sheets, practitioner assessment questionnaires, material and media validation sheets, and multiple-choice and descriptive test sheets. Based on the data obtained: (1) The E-worksheet with the PjBL model on the topic of environmental pollution is valid according to material and media experts, scoring in the "very good" category; (2) The E-worksheet is practical based on teacher assessment and student responses with scores included in the “very good” category ; (3) The research results indicate that the N-gain for cognitive domain environmental literacy is (<g> = 0.43) and for the affective domain is (<g> = 0.63), which are categorized as moderate. Based on this, it can be concluded that the Electronic Worksheets (E-worksheet) with the PjBL model is feasible and practical and can enhance the environmental literacy of class X SMA students.

Quantity Surveying and its Association with Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Digital Twin (DT)

Quantity surveyors (QS) have many roles in the construction industry, and one of such roles is preparing bills of quantities that mainly entails taking measurements and pricing of construction work. They also develop schedule of project work, engage in construction project management, arbitration as well as dispute resolutions. Quantity take-off was their original role during 1820s when QS profession first came into existence. Critical observations brought criticisms that the profession would not survive if a tool could be developed that substituted QS roles in construction. Contingent to that criticism has seen the emergence of Building Information Modeling (BIM) that has specific attributes where the BIM technology can be used to quantify building works and produce schedule of works including cost loaded schedule in a 4D and 5D model interface respectively. Thus far, has the BIM technological innovation posed threats to the QS roles and/or to the profession? What of digital twin (DT)? The aim of this research was to investigate the QS and its association with BIM and DT innovation in the construction industry and to evaluate their future in the industry. Are they a bane or boon to the QS profession? Specific objectives were to determine the extent of BIM usage by QS, the level of the current usage and the future of QS considering BIM growth in the construction field. Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat (SWOT) analysis was conducted about BIM usage. Survey questionnaire was administered to investigate the use of BIM and DT, current usage and future standing in construction. The results showed that BIM and DT were opportunities that added to the progress of QS. It was concluded that QS needed to embrace BIM technology more with integration of digital twins for full benefits in the construction industry.

PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI "CERITA WAYANG DETIK-DETIK PROKLAMASI” BERBASIS GAWAI UNTUK SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR

This research aims to develop a mobile-based application titled "Cerita Wayang Detik-detik Proklamasi" (Puppet Story of the Moments of Proclamation) for elementary school students on the material of Indonesia's Proclamation of Independence, assessed in terms of its validity and specifications. This research is a development study (R&D) using the 4D model (define, design, develop, disseminate), limited to the development stage. The subjects involved in this study include 6 teachers (from grades 1–6) and 14 fifth-grade students from SDN Bakulan, Cepogo, Boyolali, as well as material experts, media experts, and teachers who are learning practitioners as validators to assess the suitability and validity of the developed media. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, documentation, interviews, and product validation questionnaires. The data analysis technique in the define stage used qualitative data analysis, and in the develop stage, descriptive analysis was employed to evaluate the validity of the application based on the trial results and feedback from validators and users. The results of this development study produced a product in the form of the "Cerita Wayang Detik-detik Proklamasi" application, which has very high validity from material experts, media experts, and practitioners, with an average score of 95. The developed learning application was also assessed through various feasibility tests, both in small groups and large groups, and received a score of 94.5, categorized as "Very High" in terms of text readability, clarity of the learning flow, suitability of images and animations with the material, and the ability to facilitate learning. The researcher hopes that the results of this study can be applied on a larger scale and contribute as a practical solution to teach the Proclamation material effectively and enjoyably through the use of technology.

Utilization of Wokwi Technology as a Modern Electronics Learning Media

Purpose of the study: This study aims to develop Wokwi simulation-based teaching materials using the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate) to improve the understanding and science process skills of physics education students. Methodology: The Define stage identifies learning needs, while the Design stage designs interactive and easy-to-use teaching materials. In the Develop stage, the prototype is tested to assess the effectiveness of the simulation, resulting in a significant increase in students' understanding of basic concepts. This study involved 50 5th semester students at Jambi University, using questionnaires and observation sheets as instruments. Main Findings: The results of the analysis showed that the majority of students had science process skills in the "Good" category (44%) with an average score of 78.4, while the response to the use of Wokwi was mostly in the "Quite Good" category (40%) with an average score of 65.3. The correlation test revealed a significant positive relationship (r = 0.532; p = 0.001) between the use of Wokwi and science process skills. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research is presenting innovation in electronics learning through the integration of Wokwi technology, which allows interactive and practical circuit simulation for students without the need for physical hardware. This study offers a new perspective in the development of technology-based digital learning media by utilizing Wokwi, which is designed to improve students' conceptual understanding and technical skills in electronics.

Pengembangan Modul Digital Interaktif Menggunakan Canva pada Materi Infak dan Sedekah sebagai Penguatan Literasi Digital Siswa

People are highly motivated to create new things, such as teaching materials, along with the rapid development of technology. One of the innovations in teaching materials is the switch from printed modules to electronic modules, known as E-Modules. The aim of this article is to develop an effective and practical Interactive Digital Module for classroom learning by utilizing Canva. The method used in this research is Research and Development (R&D) with a 4D model. This research was carried out at MTs Terpadu Berkah Palangkaraya. The Digital Module is adjusted by conducting validity and practicality tests. Validation is carried out by media experts and material experts. The results of the media validation of the interactive digital module at MTs Terpadu Berkah Palangkaraya show that this module is valid with a media expert validation percentage of 86% and material expert validation of 83.33%. Meanwhile, the results of practical tests carried out at the research school showed that 82.5% of students gave positive responses. Thus, the use of Canva-based interactive digital modules at MTs Terpadu Berkah Palangkaraya can be considered valid and practical to apply in learning.

Validitas Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Bagan dan Audio pada Materi Wudhu

This study aims to prepare and assess the validity of learning media using charts and audio on ablution material in class VII MTs Muslimat NU Palangka Raya. Given the importance of a deep understanding of ablution in the context of religious education, this study applied the Research and Development (R&D) method with a 4D model limited to development. The needs analysis showed that students experienced a dilemma in understanding the material through conventional methods. Therefore, a media chart depicting the steps of ablution visually, accompanied by audio explaining the pillars and procedures of ablution, was designed to improve students' understanding. The validation results from media and material experts showed that this media was very feasible to use, with an average score of 89.5%. The advantages of this media are its attractiveness and interactivity, although there are some factors that need to be improved, such as adding examples and improving content. This research is expected to provide support for improving fiqh learning methods and become a reference for other educators in creating effective learning media. Further development can be done by adding interactive elements and testing the effectiveness of the media in a wider contex

DESIGN OF POLTEKSMART TRASH BIN: SOLUTION FOR WASTE MANAGEMENT IN AVIATION TRAINING COLLEGE

Waste management issues are a significant challenge in many major environments, including dormitory life in aviation vocational colleges. This study aims to design a prototype of a Polteksmart trash bin equipped with sensors and a Telegram Bot to manage waste in the dormitory building at Politeknik Penerbangan Palembang. This research and development (R&D) method using a 4D model started with data collection from literature review and observation. The research result is a smart design technology of a robot trash bin equipped with infrared sensors, proximity sensors, RTC sensors, EM4, and a Telegram Bot that sends notifications to mobile phones whenever trash capacity reaches 90%. The final design has been validated by a material expert and IT expert, and the analysis becomes quantitative data with assessment results both 90% means it very innovative and can be implemented. By implementing it, we hope to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the waste sorting and management system. This implementation not only helps in reducing operational costs but also supports efforts to recycle and reuse organic waste that in line with goal to create a cleaner and healthier environment in the Politeknik Penerbangan Palembang. This research emphasizes the importance of technology integration in providing real-time waste management by making it easier for users to monitor the condition of the bins. As such, this research provides a strong foundation for future research to improve waste management's efficiency and effectiveness in educational settings.

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Guru Pada Mata Pelajaran Akhlak Kelas IV di Madrasah Diniyyah Takmiliyah Awaliyah Masjid Agung Ashliyah

Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Awaliyah was one of the non-formal education in Indonesia, however there are several problems in learning at MDTA such as those found in moral learning at MDTA Masjid Agung Ashliyah Padang Panjang, namely teacher textbooks in teaching have not met learning objectives because the material is still limited and incomplete, the books provided by the madrasah are also still limited and teachers have not used teaching tools in the form of lesson implementation plans (RPP) in the learning process, so that the learning process is less effective and efficient. This study aims to produce a product in the form of teacher teaching materials as a guide for teachers in teaching. This study is entitled "Development of Teacher Teaching Materials for the Subject of Morals for Class IV at MDTA Masjid Agung Ashliyah Padang Panjang". This type of research was Research and Development (R&D) using the 4D model, namely Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate, but this research only goes as far as Develop. This research was conducted at MDTA Masjid Agung Ashliyah Padang Panjang from May 10 to August 5, 2024. This study focuses on research on the development of teacher teaching materials for the subject of morals for class IV MDTA on the material "Morals are Easy for Fellow Humans". After the development of the teacher teaching materials, a feasibility test was carried out by curriculum experts and media experts. The results of the curriculum feasibility test were 86% with very feasible criteria, while the results of the media feasibility test were 84% with very feasible criteria, while the response of the morals subject teacher to the development of this teacher teaching material was 89.4% with a statement of very feasible. So it can be concluded that the development of teacher teaching materials for the subject of morals is very feasible to use.

Pengembangan E-LKPD Berbasis Somatic Auditory Visualizyion Intellectualy Menggunakan Live worksheet Pada Materi Suhu dan Kalor

In learning physics, students are less enthusiastic and less active when studying physics. This is because the teaching materials used by students are not in accordance with the students' learning styles and the LKPD used by educators during the learning process does not attract students' interest in learning because it only displays pictures and questions. The aim of this research is to Develop an E-LKPD based on Somatic Auditory Visualization Intellectualy using live worksheets on heat material in class XI SMA that is valid and practical. This type of research is 4D model development research which has four stages, namely: Define, Design, Development and Disseminate. The subjects in this research were 33 educators and students in class XI of the UNP Laboratory Development High School, Padang City. The instruments used in this research were a validity questionnaire and a practicality questionnaire. Then the data that has been obtained is analyzed to see the validity and practicality of the teaching materials. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that the E-LKPD based on Somatic Auditory Visualization Intellectualy using live worksheets developed was categorized as very valid with an overall average of 86.5%. Apart from that, teaching materials are categorized as very partial with an overall average of 94.16%

Keragaman Spesies Kupu-Kupu (Lepidoptera) Sebagai Objek Pengembangan Ekowisata TWA Suranadi Dan Upaya Penyusunan E-Modul Ekologi Hewan

The purpose of this study is to identify the diversity of butterfly species as a potential object for ecotourism development in the TWA Suranadi and to develop an animal ecology e-module. This research is a descriptive exploratory study. Data collection was conducted using survey techniques, and samples were taken using Purposive Random Sampling by dividing the TWA Suranadi area into four transects (water transect, left transect, middle transect, and right transect). Butterfly collection was carried out using the sweeping technique implemented randomly. The development of the animal ecology module was designed using the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). The Develop phase was limited to expert validation to assess the content validity and construct validity of the animal ecology e-module. The results showed that butterfly diversity varied across the observation transects. The Middle Transect dominated with a high distribution percentage of 56.25%, followed by the Water Transect at 23.43%, the Left Transect at 15.62%, and the Right Transect with the lowest distribution percentage at 4.7%. Ecological analysis results indicated a species diversity index across the four research locations ranging at 2.341 (Moderate Diversity), an evenness index ranging from 0.152 (Low Evenness), and a dominance index of 0.108 (Low Dominance). Expert validation results showed that the content validity of the animal ecology e-module had an index of 0.880, categorized as very valid, while the construct validity, which included the feasibility of presentation, had an index of 0.902, categorized as very valid, and the feasibility of language aspect averaged at 0.770, categorized as valid.

Trikaya Parisudha-based learning management system development: Enhancing digital literacy and numeracy competencies

This development research aimed to determine the validation level of the Trikaya Parisudha-based Learning Management System tool regarding digital literacy and numeracy literacy and to ascertain the practicality level of the Learning Management System tool simultaneously towards digital literacy and numeracy literacy among Primary School Education Study Program students. This research is categorized as R&D using the 4D model. The study data were collected using questionnaires. The questionnaire for validity assessment was delivered to the content and media experts. The questionnaire to evaluate the practicality of the Learning Management System was distributed to the students and lecturers of the Primary School Education Study Program at STAHN Mpu Kuturan Singaraja. Then, the data were analyzed quantitatively. This study found that the media, materials, and language of the Trikaya Parisudha-based Learning Management System developed were deemed valid by three experts. In terms of its practicality, this study confirmed that the Trikaya Parisudha-based Learning Management System media were categorized as very practical. Integrating the Trikaya Parisudha philosophy, which is deeply rooted in local cultural values, underscores the significance of embedding cultural context into educational resources, potentially improving students’ engagement and producing a more comprehensive educational experience that aligns with students’ backgrounds.

Development of a STEM-based digital learning space platform to enhance students’ mathematical creativity in future learning classrooms

This study focuses on developing a web-based digital learning space (DLS) designed to support a STEM learning model that fosters students’ mathematical creativity. The DLS builds upon traditional learning management systems by introducing customizable elements tailored to individual teaching and learning environments (PTEs and PLEs). These features allow for the formation of diverse learning networks within the DLS. This enhanced version integrates frameworks for STEM learning, engaging activities, instructional videos, quizzes, evaluations, feedback tools, and a chat feature for direct communication with instructors. The research and development process employed a 4D model–define, design, develop, and disseminate–and involved validation from content and media experts, confirming the DLS’s reliability for broader testing. Results indicate that the STEM-based DLS is highly suitable for mathematics education, as shown by validation from experts, practicality tests from users, and effectiveness tests that measured students’ mathematical creativity. This study also found moderate improvement in students’ creative mathematical thinking (Ng = 0.554) within classrooms using the STEM-based DLS, highlighting its effectiveness for enhancing these skills. Thus, this STEM-focused DLS offers a mobile-friendly digital environment that effectively promotes students’ mathematical creativity.