Weeks Of Aerobic Exercise Research Articles

Effect of Eight Weeks of Aerobic Exercise and Vitamin D Consumption on Fatigue and Job Performance Index of Imam Reza Hospital Staff in Kermanshah

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and vitamin D consumption on fatigue and performance of Imam Reza Hospital staff in Kermanshah. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 48 men and 48 women were randomly selected with a mean age of 41.25 ± 2.43 y, mean weight 76.50 ± 12.56 kg and BMI = 25.5 ± 2.153 kg/m2. Subjects divided into four groups (24 participants in each group) including: (1) exercise group; (2) exercise group with vitamin D supplementation (50,000 units per week); (3) vitamin D group; and (4) control group. The subjects exercised 3session per week for 30 - 60 min at 60 - 75 % of maximum heart rate for eight weeks. Employees job performance, appetite, quality of work life and lipid profile were assessed before and after the intervention. one-way analysis of variance as well as dependent t-test were used to analysis the data at a significance level of (P < 0.05). Results: Our results showed that there was a significant difference in the LDL and triglyceride variables between the three experimental groups with control group, but this change in HDL was not significant. Also, aerobic exercise and vitamin D intake have a significant effect on fatigue, job performance and quality of life. Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, it can be concluded that aerobic exercise combined with vitamin D consumption can increase the capacity of employees to withstand job stress in the workplace and improve their general health to some extent.

Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Cardio-Respiratory Fitness of Fatai Fitness Club Members in Gbagada Lagos, Nigeria

This study was carried out to determine the effects of aerobic exercise on cardio-respiratory fitness of Fatai Fitness Club in Gbagada Lagos. To achieve the purpose of the study two research questions were asked and two hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted the pre-test, post-test control group design and used a purposively sampling technique to select 30 participants from the study population. The sample consists of apparently healthy men and women within the age range of 25-60 years of age. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics of t-test to test the stated hypotheses. The results indicate significant difference in the cardio-respiratory fitness variables of the experimental group, whereas there was no significant difference in that of the control group after 7 weeks of aerobic exercise. This result means that there was improvement in the participants’ resting heart and maximum oxygen uptake (vo2 max) after 7 weeks of aerobic exercise. It is recommended that aerobic exercise should be done at frequency of 3-5 sessions per week and 30-45 minutes duration for a minimum of 8 – 16 weeks to significantly improve resting heart rate and maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) in the apparently healthy population.

ANÁLISE DO IMPACTO ENTRE DIFERENTES MÉTODOS DE EXERCÍCIO NA SAÚDE FÍSICA DE ADOLESCENTES OBESOS

ABSTRACT Introduction: The unregulated development in the current life pattern has strengthened obesity among adolescents, and this problem is becoming more serious. Objective: Compare the impact of two exercise methods on the physical health of obese adolescents. Methods: 24 obese adolescents (12 females; BMI>30% ± 3%; age concentrated between 10 and 16 years) were selected and divided into group I and group II for a 4-week experimental study, and changes in physical fitness and function were recorded. Results: After four weeks of aerobic exercise control (group I), waist circumference, hip circumference, skinfold thickness, and abdominal fold thickness were significantly reduced in boys (p<0.05), and girls’ body shape indicators were significantly altered (p<0.05). After four weeks of aerobic exercise combined with resistance training (group II), the effects of weight, BMI, and body size were significant in boys and girls. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise can effectively improve the physical problems of obese adolescents. Under the same external conditions, the effect of aerobic exercise was shown to be more effective when combined with resistance training in the physical improvement of the analyzed group. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

The Impact of Aerobic Exercise on Athletic Performance in Recovered and Uninfected COVID-19 Athletes during Post-COVID-19 Period

Background: The global COVID-19 pandemic has significantly influenced athletes worldwide. Objectives: This research aims to investigate the effects of a 4-week aerobic exercise program on athletic performance in both recovered and uninfected COVID-19 athletes during the post-COVID-19 period. Methods: Fourteen male student-athletes aged 18 - 25 years from Imam Khomeini International University participated in this study. The participants comprised 7 recovered COVID-19 athletes and 7 athletes with no prior COVID-19 infection. The study employed a pre-test/post-test design conducted in 2 phases. During the pre and post-test phases, participants underwent baseline assessments of athletic performance, including maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max) and anaerobic power. Subsequently, the participants engaged in a 4-week aerobic exercise intervention. Pre- and post-intervention outcomes within groups were compared using paired t-tests, while independent t-tests were utilized for comparisons between the recovered COVID-19 athlete group and the uninfected athlete group. Results: Independent t-tests demonstrated significant increases in VO2 max and peak power after 4 weeks of aerobic exercise in both the recovered COVID-19 group (P = 0.001, P = 0.0001) and the uninfected COVID-19 group (P = 0.012, P = 0.001). However, dependent t-tests revealed a significant difference between the recovered COVID-19 group and the uninfected COVID-19 group in the post-test of VO2 max (P = 0.044) and peak power (P = 0.001). Conclusions: This study indicates that a 4-week aerobic exercise regimen can improve athletic performance in both recovered and uninfected COVID-19 athletes. However, recovered COVID-19 athletes exhibited a notably slower rate of improvement compared to their uninfected counterparts. Therefore, it is recommended that, in addition to aerobic exercise, recovered athletes integrate supplementary strategies to optimize their return-to-sport timeline and maximize performance recovery.

Mechanisms by Which Physical Activity Modulates the Wnt/β-catenin Pathway to Alleviate Anxiety-like Depression

This study aimed to explore the effect of treadmill exercise on anxiety in rats. Thirty SPF male rats aged 2 months with a body mass of (225±25) g were randomly divided into control group (CG, n=10), chronic sleep deprivation group (CSD, n=10) and sleep deprivation exercise group (CSD+E, n=10) after adaptive feeding for 1 week. The CSD model of rats in CSD group and CSD+E group was made by multi platform water environment method. Sleep deprivation of 18 h per day (from 12:00 pm. to 6:00 am. the next day) for 8 weeks. The effect of running on the anxiety-like behaviour of CSD rats was examined in the open field test (OFT) and the elevated plus maze (EPM) experiment. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Annexin V/PI flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, Western blot, RT-qPCR and other methods were used to detect the effects of treadmill exercise on the morphology of hippocampus, apoptosis related factors caspase-12, Bax, Bcl-1, inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-a), Wnt β- catenin, p- β-catenin. The results of HE staining showed that the brain tissue of the control rats was structurally intact, with thick layers of cone cells, relatively dense, neatly arranged and compact, the cell edge structures were intact and clearly visible, with no obvious abnormal changes. The cone cell layer of brain tissue in the chronic sleep deprivation group was thin, with relatively low cell density, disorganized and sparse arrangement, and blurred cell edges. The symptoms of the above pathological changes in brain tissue of rats in sleep deprivation exercise group gradually alleviated. OFT results showed that compared with CG group, the number of activities in the central region of CSD group was significantly reduced (P<0.01), and the total distance of exercise was significantly shortened (P<0.01). EPM results showed that compared with CG group, OT and CE in CSD group decreased significantly (P<0.01). CCK-8 results showed that compared with CG group, the activity of neurons in CA1 area of hippocampus in CSD group was significantly decreased (P<0.01), while that in CSD+E group was significantly increased (P<0.01); Annexin V/PI flow cytometry results showed that compared with CG group, the apoptosis of neurons in CA1 area of hippocampus in CSD group increased (P<0.01), and that in CSD+E group decreased significantly (P<0.01);Western blot results showed that caspase-12, Bax, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-a were highly expressed and Bcl-1 was lowly expressed in hippocampal tissues of rats in the CSD group compared with the CG group (P<0.01), Wnt, β-catenin and p-β-catenin were lowly expressed in hippocampal tissues of rats in the CSD group, and Gsk-3βprotein expression was significantly higher (p<0.01). The results of RT-qPCR showed that caspase-12 mRNA, Bax mRNA, IL-6 mRNA, TNF-a mRNA and IL-1β mRNA were highly expressed and Bcl-1 mRNA was lowly expressed in hippocampal tissues of rats in the CSD group compared with the CG group (P<0.01). Compared with the CG group, Wnt mRNA and β-catenin mRNA were significantly lowly expressed and Gsk-3βmRNA was significantly highly expressed in hippocampal tissue of CSD rats (P<0.01). Our findings indicated that 8 weeks of aerobic exercise significantly improved anxiety-like depression in CSD rats by increasing neuronal activity, inhibiting apoptosis, reducing the inflammatory response and activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Protocol for an exploratory, randomised, single-blind clinical trial of aerobic exercise to promote remyelination in multiple sclerosis

IntroductionThere is an urgent need for remyelinating therapies that restore function in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). Aerobic exercise is a promising remyelinating strategy because it promotes remyelination in animal...

APERFEIÇOAMENTO POR DIETA E PRÁTICA DO EXERCÍCIO AERÓBICO EM ATLETAS PROFISSIONAIS

ABSTRACT Introduction: Body weight regulation in sports competitions is an essential factor affecting the physical capacity of athletes. Especially in high-level events, the role of weight loss is significant in improving the competitive status. Weightlifters have high anaerobic capacity, high aerobic capacity, high flexibility, and less body fat. In all regular competitions, weightlifters compete against competitors of the same weight class. Objective: This paper investigates the effect of moderate aerobic exercise on weight loss in athletes and the effects of related biochemical parameters. Methods: Twenty weightlifters were randomly selected to conduct a questionnaire survey. The athletes performed aerobic exercises for eight weeks. The collection method and mathematical statistics were used to study body shape and constitution, blood indices, and other relevant data about weightlifters in China. Results: The effect of aerobic exercise on improving the athletes' physical fitness is discussed. The results showed that body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, and body mass index decreased the most (P<0.05). Waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, hip-to-height ratio, and BMI significantly decreased (P<0.05). There was no significant change in height and fat index (P>0.05). Conclusion: 8 weeks of aerobic exercise and an appropriate diet can significantly improve the body shape index, physical index, and biochemical index of athletes. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

ANÁLISE DOS EFEITOS DA DIETA BALANCEADA ASSOCIADA AOS ESPORTES NA SAÚDE DOS ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS OBESOS

ABSTRACT Introduction The student, when entering university, is subject to new cycles and major changes in his routine, which includes exercise and nutritious habits. Objective Explore the effect of a balanced diet and physical exercise on the health of university students. Methods Through literature studies, a questionnaire was developed where the physical condition, nutritional habits, dietary structure, and exercise practice of obese college students were investigated and analyzed. Results The BMI index of those investigated exceeded the standard limit of BMI > 25. The longer the time of physical exercise, the more evident the difference between male and female students in terms of physical endurance factor. The body weight, BMI, and body fat index of both groups showed a downward trend after the intervention. Six weeks of aerobic exercise combined with a proper diet can significantly improve body mass index, body mass index, and physiological and biochemical indices of obese college students. Conclusion Balanced diet and exercise positively affect the health of obese college students. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

The Effect of 4 Weeks Aerobic Exercise Training with Detraining Courses in Various Prevention Phases on BCl-2 and BAX Genes Expression and Proteins.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise with detraining in different phases of prevention on BCL2 Associated X (BAX) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCl-2) gene expression and proteins. For this purpose, 32 female Balb-c mice (18-20 g) were purchased and randomly assigned to primordial prevention (A), primary prevention (B), secondary prevention (C), and control (D). A group performed aerobic exercise for 4 weeks, after 4T1 cells injection detrained for 8 weeks. Group B performed aerobic exercise for 4 weeks immediately after injecting 4T1 cells and then detrained for 4 weeks. In C group, the 4T1 cells were first injected and did not perform any activity for 4 weeks, followed by 4 weeks of aerobic exercise. Forty-eight hours after the last training session and detraining courses, after anesthesia, sacrificing, and tissue removal, were performed. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) was used to measure gene expression and Western blot (WB) was used to measure protein content. One-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to analyze data. The results showed that aerobic exercise in A, B, and C groups compared to D group reduced BCl-2 gene expression and protein and increased BAX gene expression and protein. Therefore, exercise can cause apoptosis in tumor cells by increasing pre-apoptotic factors and decreasing antiapoptotic factors in tumor cells, and consequently improving the disease status.

Combined effects of caffeine and aerobic exercise on leptin levels and some indices of insulin resistance in diabetics

The study aimed to examine the combined effects of caffeine and aerobic exercise on leptin levels and some indices of insulin resistance in diabetics Thirty-two males with type 2 diabetes participated in a quasi-experimental and double-blind design. All participants were divided into four homogeneous groups of 8 individuals, including placebo (P), caffeine supplementation (C), aerobic training (AT), and aerobic training and caffeine (AT + C). The design protocol included eight weeks of aerobic exercise and caffeine consumption. Blood samples were taken to measure serum levels of leptin, glucose, insulin, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and insulin sensitivity (QUICKI) indices at two phases. Data were analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA, Bonferroni posthoc, and independent T-test at a significant level of a s 0.05. The results showed that the levels of leptin, glucose, insulin, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR in the three intervention groups significantly decreased compared to the placebo group (P = 0.001). In addition, QUICKI was significantly increased in the three groups of caffeine (C), aerobic training (AT), and aerobic training + caffeine (AT + C) compared to the placebo group (P = 0.001). Also, the AT+C group has double effects on the investigated indices compared to the caffeine (C) group (P = 0.001). Regular aerobic exercise and caffeine supplementation may be more effective treatments for improving insulin resistance indicators associated with type 2 diabetes.

The effect of 12-week step and floor aerobic exercise programs on physical and psychophysiological health parameters in obese men

Aerobic exercise training is recommended to prevent and control obesity. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a twelve-week step aerobics or floor aerobics exercise program in improving the physical and psychophysiological health of obese men. Sixty male adults of mean age 18.92 (SD 1.54 years) and Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 were randomly allocated into three equal (n = 20) groups: Step Aerobics Exercise Training (SAET), Floor Aerobic Exercise Training (FAET), and a control group (which did not perform any exercise). The SAET and FAET training protocols were performed three days per week for 12 weeks. Health-related physical fitness, biochemical, physiological, and psychological variables were used as outcome measures and measured at baseline and at 12 weeks. There were significant differences in terms of physical and psychophysiological health parameters in participants who underwent SAET and FAET training compared with the control group (p < 0.05). SAET and FAET proved to be helpful in managing the physical and psychological health of obese adults. Schools and colleges should administer aerobic exercise sessions to adults for better health perspectives.

Abstract C109: Testing Home-based Exercise Strategies in Underserved Minority Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy (THRIVE) Trial: A study protocol

Abstract Background: Higher rates of physical inactivity and comorbid conditions are reported in Hispanic and Black cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, compared to their White counterparts. Despite the beneficial effect of exercise training for cancer patients, rates of participation in clinical cancer trials are low among disadvantaged and racial and ethnic minority groups. This is possibly due to more barriers and less access to exercise training. Therefore, there is a crucial need for better understanding of how to apply exercise interventions using novel, accessible, and cost-effective home-based exercise approaches for Hispanic and Black communities, particularly during chemotherapy. In this study, we will examine the effect of supervised and unsupervised exercise on minutes of physical activity among Hispanic and Black cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer. Methods: The THRIVE trial is an 8-month prospective, three-arm study of 135 patients who are randomized in a 1:1:1 fashion to a supervised exercise intervention (SUP), unsupervised exercise (UNSUP), or an attention control group. Eligible patients include those with early-stage breast, colorectal, or prostate cancer, planning to receive chemotherapy, are sedentary, overweight or obese, and self-identifying as Hispanic or Black. Patients randomized to the SUP group participate in a home-based 16-week periodized aerobic and resistance exercise program performed three days per week, supervised through video conference technology. Patients randomized to the UNSUP group participate in an unsupervised 16-week, telehealth-based, periodized aerobic and resistance exercise program performed three days per week using the same exercise prescription parameters as the SUP group. The attention control group receive a 16-week home-based stretching program. The primary outcome is changes in minutes of physical activity assessed by 7-day accelerometry at month 4. Secondary outcomes include cardiovascular risk factors, patient-reported outcomes, and physical function. Outcome measures are tested at baseline, post-intervention at month 4, and after a non-intervention follow-up period at month 8. Discussion: The THRIVE trial is the first study to employ a novel and potentially achievable exercise intervention for a minority population receiving chemotherapy. In addition, this study utilizes an intervention approach to investigate the biological and behavioral mechanisms underlying exercise participation in these cancer patients. Results from this study will guide and inform large randomized controlled trials to test the effect of home-based exercise on treatment outcomes and comorbid disease risk in minority patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Citation Format: Huimin Yan, Noelle Merchant, Ashley Desameau, Cherardi NeiraViscue, Paola Gonzalo-Encabo, Dong-Woo Kang, Rebekah L. Wilson, Mary K. Norris, Danny Nguyen, Daniel Gundersen, Laura L. Hayman, Rachel A. Freedman, Timothy Rebbeck, Christina M. Dieli-Conwright. Testing Home-based Exercise Strategies in Underserved Minority Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy (THRIVE) Trial: A study protocol [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr C109.

Impact of Aerobic Training on Cardiovascular Function, Fitness, and Patient Reported Outcomes During Anthracycline Chemotherapy: A Case Series in Women With Breast Cancer.

Chemotherapy for breast cancer can increase the risk of cancer therapy related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). Exercise has been proposed to prevent CTRCD, however, research to date has indicated high degrees of individual variability following exercise interventions in this population. This study aimed to explore the impact of regular, individualized aerobic exercise on CTRCD incidence (defined by global longitudinal strain [GLS]) during and immediately upon the completion of dose-dense anthracycline (DDAC) chemotherapy in 5 women with breast cancer. Five women receiving DDAC with stage I-III breast cancer enrolled. Participants underwent resting echocardiography and exercise testing before, during, upon the completion of, and 3 months after the completion of DDAC treatment to measure GLS and aerobic fitness (VO2peak). Participants opted-in to an individualized 8-week aerobic exercise intervention (3 sessions per week, 24 sessions total) or standard care for the duration of their DDAC treatment. Data for each participant were presented descriptively. Four of the 5 participants completed the exercise intervention during DDAC treatment (adherence 79.2%-91.7%). Mild asymptomatic CTRCD occurred in 2 of the 4 exercising participants, of whom both were at an increased risk (one was >65 years of age and diagnosed with hypertension, with the other receiving trastuzumab prior to DDAC treatment). Varied responses in VO2peak were observed and did not align with changes in GLS. The only participant not to complete the exercise intervention reported poorer health related quality of life and increased cancer related fatigue at all measurement timepoints. This study details the individual variability in cardiovascular responses to exercise that can occur during DDAC treatment in women with breast cancer, which can inform exercise professionals and researchers when designing individualized exercise programs for this population.

The Effects of 4-Week Aerobic Exercise on the Levels of CCl2, CCl5, and their Respective Receptors in Female BALB/C Mice Suffering from Breast Cancer.

The studies reported that chemokines Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) and Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) have tumor-promoting roles in breast cancer (BC). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 4 weeks of continuous aerobic exercise (AE) on chemokines CCL2 and CCL5 and their relative receptors in animal model of human BC. BALB/c mice were divided randomly into four groups included cancer control (CC) and three other groups. The total duration of the experiment was 14 weeks, including 2 weeks of familiarization of mice with treadmills and three of 4-week periods of experiment. Tumor inoculation and formation were performed in the second 4-week period. Group 1 received AE in the first 4-week, Group 2 received AE in the second 4-week and Group 3 in the third 4-week. The CCL2 was reduced significantly in Groups 1, 2, and 3 compared to control (F3,12= 4705, P = 0.0001). In terms of CCL5, a significant decrease was seen only between Group 3 and control. Western blot results showed a significant reduction in C-C chemokine receptor Type 2 (CCR2) between Group 1 versus CC and Group 2 versus CC (F3,20= 1.812, P = 0.004). In terms of C-C chemokine receptor Type 5 (CCR5) a significant decrease was observed between Group 2 versus control and Group 3 versus control (F3,20= 273.3, P = 0.042), (P = 0.004). It can be concluded that 4-week AE significantly reduces the chemokines CCL2 and CCL5 and their respective receptors levels CCR5 and CCR2 in different stages, and it may have an inhibitory effect on tumor growth.

EXERCISE IMPROVES HEART RATE RECOVERY GREATER THAN STANDARD CARE IN TYPE 2 DIABETES

https://youtu.be/HRw1f_DoX-Q INTRODUCTION An attenuated heart rate recovery (HRR) immediately after exercise is considered an index of autonomic imbalance and is a predictor of all cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Because autonomic dysfunction in T2D patients has shown to be reversible with glycemic control, weight loss, and fitness gain, we investigated the effect of a 12 week aerobic exercise (AE) intervention compared to standard care on HRR in patients with T2D. METHODS T2D patients (n=32) were randomized to a 12-week AE intervention (n=19) or standard of care (n=13). The AE intervention consisted of supervised exercise training for 1h/day 5/wk for 12 weeks at 80% VO2peak. All subjects completed body composition analysis (DEXA), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and maximal exercise testing before and after the study period. HRR was measured every minute for 10 minutes after cessation of maximal exercise testing. RESULTS Baseline HRR 1-minute values were negatively associated with ASCVD Risk (rho = 0.623; p = 0.002) and positively associated with VO2peak (rho = 0.361; p = 0.042). Body weight was unchanged in both control (p = 0.989) and AE group (p = 0.248) after the study period. Following AE training intervention, VO2peak increased by 7.4 ± 1.9% (p < 0.001), glucose metabolism, as measured by OGTT area under the curve (AUC), improved by 11.6 ± 6.0% (p = 0.040), and HRR 1-minute increased by 10.4 ± 6.1% (p = 0.234). The control group showed no significant changes as VO2peak increased by 0.7 ± 2.6% (p = 0.826), AUC improved by 3.1 ± 3.5% (p = 0.585), and HRR 1-minute increased 3.9 ± 9.0% (p = 0.915). Baseline HRR predicted change in HRR after the study period in the control group (rho = −0.817; p = 0.002) but not in the AE group (rho = −0.054, p = 0.860). Upon controlling for baseline HRR, AE group possessed a significantly higher post intervention HRR 1-minute value than control by 28.5% (p = 0.036). We found the AE group also had higher HRR values than control during the post-intervention 10-minute recovery resulting in a main effect of group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS T2D patients with higher HRR, only receiving standard of care, are more susceptible to chronic detriments in HRR indicative of gradual autonomic function loss. To our knowledge these are the first data showing regular moderate-vigorous intensity exercise, which improved glycemic control and fitness gain independent of weight loss, outperforms standard of care alone for greater HRR.

633 THE EFFECTS OF AEROBIC EXERCISE TRAINING ON CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TESTING AND HEART FAILURE BIOMARKERS IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH HYPOPLASTIC LEFT HEART SYNDROME AND FONTAN CIRCULATION

Abstract Background Several studies have shown that adult patients with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS) and Fontan circulation have a reduced exercise tolerance that affects daily life. Recent studies have investigated the effects of aerobic exercise training in these patients with univentricular heart; however, this research topic is still poorly studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an aerobic exercise training program on cardiopulmonary exercise testing parameters and heart failure biomarkers in patients with HLHS. Methods We enrolled 12 patients with a mean age of 24 ± 2.5 years (range 22–27 years), 50% male, with HLHS at Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS and University of Rome Tor Vergata. All patients underwent a cardiopulmonary test and blood sampling before (T0) and after (T1) a 4-week aerobic exercise program. Cardiac biomarkers hs-cTnT, NT-proBNP, ST2, GDF-15 were studied. Results Data analysis demonstrated an increase in cardiorespiratory performance after 4 weeks of aerobic exercise training activity. In particular, the data showed a significant improvement in test duration (p < 0.05), heart rate at rest (p < 0.05), heart rate recovery 1 min (p < 0.05), VO2 max (p < 0.01) and oxygen uptake efficiency slope (p < 0.05). At the same time, the data showed a significant reduction in NT-proBNP and ST2 values (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) and a significant increase in GDF-15 (p < 0.01). No significant changes were found between the hs-cTnT values. Conclusions Our study demonstrated the 4-week efficacy of an aerobic training program in improving cardiorespiratory performance and heart failure biomarker values in adult patients with HLHS and Fontan circulation. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study that evaluated the effects of an exercise training program in patients with univentricular heart

The effect of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise and caloric restriction on Nrf2 protein expression in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats

Background and aims: One of the most common causes of liver disease is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and its prevalence along with serious clinical problem is a growing. No studies have been conducted on the effect of calorie restriction (CR) and aerobic exercise (AE) on nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in rats with NAFLD. The present study aimed to assess the effects of 12 weeks of CR and AE on Nrf2 protein expression in rats with NAFLD. Methods: A total of 40 rats participated in this study, and 32 of them developed NAFLD by feeding fatty food (34% fat, 19% protein, and 47% carbohydrates) for eight weeks. Rats were classified into five groups: sham, control, CR, AE, and calorie restriction-aerobic exercise (CA). First, 60% of the daily diet was given to the CR and CA groups. AE was done for 12 weeks, five sessions per week on a treadmill for rats. Oil red, hematoxylin-eosin (H & E) staining, and protein expression levels in the groups were evaluated. To analyze the data, one-way ANOVA was used at a significance level of P<0.05. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the liver fat of the control group and other groups (RC: P=0.001, AE: P=0.001, RA: P=0.001). In healing liver damage, the control group was significantly different from the CA group (P=0.002). Regarding the Nrf2 protein expression, the CA group had significantly higher expression than the CR group (P=0.028), however there was no significant difference between the CA and AE groups (P=0.44). Conclusion: The findings revealed that AE through CR can cause recovery for NAFLD.

Effect of Concomitant Use of Curcumin during Six Weeks of Aerobic Exercise on Antioxidant Indices of Liver Tissue in Mice with Induced Breast Cancer in the Doxorubicin Treatment Phase

Effect of Concomitant Use of Curcumin during Six Weeks of Aerobic Exercise on Antioxidant Indices of Liver Tissue in Mice with Induced Breast Cancer in the Doxorubicin Treatment Phase

ANÁLISE DA RESISTÊNCIA CARDIOPULMONAR SOB DIFERENTES CARGAS EM EXERCÍCIOS AERÓBICOS

ABSTRACT Introduction The key objective of aerobic exercise is enhancing cardiorespiratory endurance. On the national gymnastics plan implementation, the idea of lifelong sports was gradually accepted by the masses, and the aerobic gymnastics concept was sweeping the world. Objective Analyze the cardiorespiratory endurance responses in female college students under different frequencies in aerobic exercise. Methods 20 female professors and civilian women were randomly selected and divided into two groups. The experimental group performed 45 and 90 minutes of aerobic exercise to analyze changes in cardiopulmonary function before and after each exercise. Results After 16 weeks of aerobic exercise with different loads, all young women who had participated in the program training showed a significant increase in vital capacity and maximal oxygen uptake capacity. The vital capacity of the 90-min aerobic exercise group was significantly higher than that of the 45-min aerobic exercise group (P<0.05). Conclusion The establishment of a cardiorespiratory endurance response model can accurately analyze the effects of different aerobic exercise frequencies on cardiorespiratory endurance. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies – Investigating the results.

The Effect of Aerobic Exercise and Ginkgo biloba Herbal Supplementation on Lipocalin 2 Levels and Insulin Resistance in Obese Men

Background: Performing sports activities along with nutritional interventions is recommended as an effective way to reduce inflammatory cytokines and improve insulin resistance in obese people. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise and Ginkgo biloba herbal supplementation on lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) levels and insulin resistance in obese men. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 40 obese men in Kashan were selected in an accessible and purposeful manner. Subjects were randomly divided into 4 groups, including aerobic exercise (n=10), aerobic exercise and ginkgo biloba supplementation (n=10), ginkgo biloba supplementation (n=10), and control group (n=10). Subjects performed aerobic exercise and supplementation for 6 weeks. Accordingly, the subjects started aerobic exercise for 25 minutes with an intensity of 65% of the maximum heart rate in the first and second weeks. In the third and fourth weeks, they practiced for 35 minutes with an intensity of 65%-75% of the maximum heart rate, and finally for 40 minutes with 75%-85% of maximum heart rate in the fifth and sixth weeks. Ginkgo biloba extract was prepared in the form of gelatin capsules, two of which were daily consumed by subjects after breakfast for 6 weeks. The subjects performed their usual daily activities in the control group. The obtained data were analyzed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in SPSS software (version 22) at the level of 0.05. Results: The results of the study showed that 6 weeks of aerobic exercise and Ginkgo biloba herbal supplementation significantly reduced Lcn2 levels (P<0.001 and η²=0.61) and insulin resistance (P<0.001 and η²=0.74) in obese men. Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, it seems that aerobic exercise and Ginkgo biloba herbal supplementation can significantly contribute to regulating body weight in obese men through a reduction in insulin resistance and Lcn2.