3D Simulation Technology Research Articles

VR Panoramic Technology in Urban Rail Transit Vehicle Engineering Simulation System

Rail transit is a kind of rail transit based on fixed lines, which is carried out through special vehicles, passengers, and goods. However, urban rail transit construction activities are mostly underground activities, the construction environment and construction technology are complex, and the potential disaster risks are different. At present, the traditional 3D simulation technology is lack of interactive experience, but with the development of VR technology, 3D panorama technology, as a branch of VR technology, is rapidly popularized with its interactive and immersive characteristics. VR reality technology is applied in aerospace, real estate, education, entertainment, games, and other fields. Therefore, authors propose the application of VR panoramic technology based on the Unity3D engine and HTC Vive interactive equipment in the urban rail transit vehicle engineering simulation system. Furthermore, the content construction scheme and the overall development process of the simulation system are given. The function of VR technology in the simulation system and the main technology of real-time interaction for vehicle maintenance are discussed. The methods of literature analysis, expert interviews, on-site data acquisition, and questionnaire surveys are applied. By determining the intensity of protection measures, improving the construction quality of urban rail transit, preventing and controlling risks, and making the best plan and measures from a systematic point of view. From the final results of this study, user can gradually change the traditional ideas and methods of urban rail transit disaster prevention and mitigation and implement VR technology in the urban rail transit vehicle engineering simulation system, which plays a very important role in improving the safety management efficiency of urban rail transit construction.

Study on Evacuation Speed based on Psychological panic in Railway Tunnel

In order to probe the panic psychology effect on the evacuation characteristics and evacuation efficiency under an emergency such as a fire in a railway tunnel, this paper uses a combination of theoretical derivation and 3D simulation technology to study personnel evacuation, investigates the psychological panic effect coefficient of the evacuation speed under various situations such as different numbers of personnel and structural parameters in emergency rescue evacuation facilities (emergency rescue stations, emergency exits, shelters) of railway tunnels to determine the range of influence factors of crowd evacuation speed under psychological panic. Studies show that: ①Considering the effects of psychological panic factors, the speed of evacuation should increase by about 1.25 to 1.49 times, with an average of about 1.37 times; ②The panic reduction factor for the crowd evacuation time at the emergency rescue station of the railway tunnel is 0.8 ~ 1, and the panic reduction factor for the crowd evacuation time at the emergency exit and refuge is 0.75 ~ 1.05.

Analysis and Simulation of Dynamic Vision in the City

This paper proposes a computer-aided Dynamic Visual Research and Design Protocol for environmental designers to analyze humans' dynamic visual experiences in the city and to simulate dynamic vision in the design process. The Protocol recommends using action cameras to collect massive dynamic visual data from participants' first-person perspectives. It prescribes a computer-aided visual analysis approach to produce cinematic charts and storyboards, which further afford qualitative interpretations for aesthetic assessment and discussion. Employing real-time 3D simulation technologies, the Protocol enables the simulation of people's dynamic vision in designed urban environments to support evaluation in design. Detailed contents and merits of the Protocol were demonstrated by its application in the Urbanscape Studio, a community participatory design course based at Watertown, South Dakota.

Evaluation of Visual Preference for Seasonal Streetscape Design Using 3D Simulation Technology

As 3D technology advances, many designers are using 3D technology in their design research. Environment designers, in particular, conduct public design research using 3D simulation technology. In the field of environmental design, green space is an important factor in determining the image of public design. Green space, however, has different visual preferences as the seasons change. Thus, this research aimed to analyze the visual preferences of streetscape according to the seasons change using 3D simulation technology. The result of the study shows that the autumn image of maple background and ginkgo background are more preferred than the winter image of maple background and ginkgo background. In conclusion, the change of seasons is a crucial factor in determining the visual preference of the landscape. Designers, therefore, should consider the variation of seasons as well as the shape of streetscape to improve the visual preference of a streetscape. These findings could also be applied as theoretical data to conduct the public design.

A digital replica of male compression underwear

With the development of society and increasing demands, the design of male underwear should conform to human ergonomics. However, some special delicate aspects related to morphological features of the male body need to use computer technologies for generating a digital replica of real bodies, with textile materials instead of real objects from the perspective of satisfying increasing needs. This article aims to apply three-dimensional (3D) simulation technology in compression clothes design. We have proposed the method of material precision simulation, body avatar establishment, and virtual underwear design. In this study, multiple 3D software to establish avatars of male bodies with different morphological features are used first. Secondly, the conversion of the Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabrics results in a digital library of knitted materials to be explored, which are mainly based on elastic characteristics and compression performances. Then, we conducted a series of try-on tests with average size avatars, which are created using 3D scanning technology, and evaluated the pressure and comfort using a new method we recommended. Finally, the results of the virtual and actual tests are compared. All digital replicas achieve the same results as the real ones. This study can promote the application of 3D simulation technology in male compression underwear design by operating a digital replica instead of real objects.

Using 3D-Printed Models to Advance Clinical Care

Structural Heart is a new field within the division of cardiovascular service lines. Structural heart has broadened the scope of delivery of cardiovascular care with its ability to deliver new valves and devices to heart patients who were once turned down for traditional open-heart surgery through the use of transcatheter delivery systems and device designs. However, in the absence of an open-surgical field, the main limitation in transcatheter device development and patient-centric care is the inability of the Structural Heart Implanter to palpate the patient’s cardiac anatomy for device sizing and delivery. Application of 3D printing and 3D modeling are becoming a useful toolkit for Structural Heart Implanters, Imagers, and Device specialists within the Heart Team to use as a communication tool and case planning resource to optimize patient care, and patient safety. Transcatheter interventions have revolutionized not only the field of cardiology, but additionally the field of biomedical engineering within Cardiovascular Medicine through the incorporation of 3D simulation technology.

Flexible mesh morphing in sustainable design using data mining and mesh subdivision

As a representative method of model surface, triangular mesh, which commonly has the stereo lithography (STL) format, has recently been widely applied in the CAD/CAE/CAM field, due to its superior robustness and high efficiency in tool-path generation. 3D product model optimization is of great importance for improvement of function, reduction of production material, and improvement of the company’s competition. Based on the circumstance of 3D modeling, simulation and optimization technologies, developing a more sustainable product and process become possible. However, there are many situations of the morphing, which are hard to be uniformed. Thus, developing a commonly used data-driven morphing method is difficult. In this paper, morphing situations are categorized into two classes, the algebraic morphing and the free-form morphing. Algebraic morphing patterns are developed, which can be adopted independently or combined together to complete complicated morphing operations. In the free-form morphing, control points are obtained by data mining, and then mesh subdivision is applied to refine surfaces smoothly. The proposed morphing method is applied to a truss core panel and a human head model, clarifying the robust function and high efficiency of the method proposed in this study to deal with complex 3D product model sustainable optimization.

Individual Drilling Bit Design and Optimization in Mahu Area

There are three sets of gravels in Mahu region. The gravels formation is characterized by high heterogeneity, high abrasiveness and poor drillability. It is so difficult to optimize bit that restrict seriously the overall exploration and development process. The compressive strength, internal friction angle, and drillability of the formation are tested to check the rock mechanical characteristic profile established by logging data. The individual bit design is carried out by the 3D simulation technology. A new PDC bit type is designed to form the drill bit series for Mahu area. Single PDC bit increases 90% of the drilling footage. The trip average footage is improved 3.45 times, the horizontal section average penetration increased 34.8%. The technical achievements have greatly improved economic development benefits of Mahu region by improving drilling speed and saving drilling costs.

Shopping Behavioral Intentions Contributed by Store Layout and Perceived Crowding: An Exploratory Study Using Computer Walk–Through Simulation

The purpose of this study is to understand the role of store layout in predicting shopping behaviors by influencing the perception of crowding. With today's growing popularity of online shopping, brick–and–mortar stores are faced with increased challenges to create positive shopping experiences and attract more customers to the store. The customer's shopping experience often starts with the environment's physical appearance and navigation. Crowding is one of the known factors contributing to how stores look and feel. Using 3D simulation technology capable of offering a realistic virtual experience, we tested the hypothesis—that the negative impact of crowding could be effectively controlled through physical space configuration—by exploring the role of store layout and human density on perceived crowding using a 2 × 2 between–subjects design with 60 college students. Two distinct store layouts and their effects on perceived crowding and approach intentions were investigated. In addition, we also considered the role of individual differences in crowding perception. The findings demonstrate the critical role of store layout in controlling retail crowding and shopping motivations, potentially contributing to store success. We found increased shopping intentions in the store environment with a linear and symmetrical configuration than with a curvilinear and asymmetrical one. Such tendency was found to be significantly greater for male customers. A significant mediating role for perceived crowding on the relationship between the effects of store layout on shopping intentions was also found. This confirms the critical effect of store layout on perceived crowding that indirectly, yet significantly, influences customers’ shopping behavioral intentions. No prior work in retail literature has examined retail crowding on the basis of an empirical manipulation of the environment. By using virtual walk–through simulation, this study joins a limited body of knowledge pertaining to the store environment and aims to expand our understanding of the distinct effects of retail environments on consumers’ experience and behavior.

Forming property and broaching error prediction of a forged nickel-based superalloy turbine disc

In order to improve the forming quality and the reliability performance of the aeroengine turbine disc, the initial residual stress derived from the multi-stage forging process should be studied principally. Two different methods, the layer removal and the finite element method (FEM), were used to analyze the prevailing residual stress in the multi-stage forged GH4169 (similar to Inconel 718 alloy) nickel-based superalloy turbine disc. The measured stresses were used to validate the predicted stresses obtained from a thermal–mechanical coupled FE model of the forging process by using a combined two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) simulation technology. The test validated FE model would give a comprehensive and accurate description of the residual stress distribution in the forged turbine disc, which could be effectively served for the disc manufacturing process optimization. Especially for the turbine disc mortises, the FE residual stress model was used to predict the manufacturing tolerance under different broaching technologies. The initial forged residual stress in the turbine disc would be the critical factor for the advance of the difficult-to-deformation material manufacturing processes with high dimensional accuracy and reliability.

3D Interactive Simulation System (3DISS) Using Multimedia Application Authoring Platform for Landscape Planning Support System

Recently, 3D simulation technology has been used as a communication tool in public meetings to facilitate public participation in planning and design development review. The development of 3D visualization that performs an interactive simulation in the Virtual Environment (VE) has grown rapidly and practiced for landscape visualization. VE technology is aimed to create a VE of urban landscape and presenting various alternatives of the landscape changes. The simulation of landscape changes is intended to perform a decision-making system in public participation. A multimedia application authoring platform has an advantage in the design of the graphical user interfaces and supported by a scripting language that can interact with external files. Through the integrated development of an interactive visualization and user interface, this application can be utilized to develop a Landscape Planning Support System. Eventually, the system is expected to attract public interest and elicit more contributions and input into urban planning.

Prediction on Water-flowing Fractured Region Based on 3D Simulation Technology

Caving zone and fractured zone both appear in the Changzhi Basin in China as the a large number of coal are mined from the area. Based on ore cluster mining and on GIS (Geographic Information System) technology, in the paper, it combines the 3-D (three dimensional) simulation technology and adopts the spacial interpolation method to develop the 3-D stratigraphic model of the studied region, the 3D stratigraphic model and the division idea which is applicable for the study region are obtained. The virtual drilling technology is applied to obtain precise stratigraphic data and calculate the heights of the caving zone and fractured zone of Changzhi Basin, their relative locations to the overlying aquifer and the water-flowing fractured region of influence based on computer-simulated data are both analyzed. In addition, it also puts forward the concept of effective water-flowing fractured rate, which lays a solid foundation for further study on the heterogeneous evolution of the spatial structure of regional aquifers after the coal mining which also can provide a data support for future studies on the heterogeneous evolution features of water-bearing media.

3D Virtual fit simulation technology: strengths and areas of improvement for increased industry adoption

ABSTRACTThis study aims to provide practical implications about 3D virtual fit simulation technology as a fit assessment tool in the fashion industry by analysing similarities and discrepancies between actual and virtual garments in analyses made by users. Basic woven and knit dresses were made using a dressform used in young women’s apparel industry. Fit analysis on the actual and virtual garments showed similar results in the garment total length and width. However, a few areas, such as the neckline, sleeve cap, and shoulder slope, as well as fit issues such as hiking, draglines, gapping, puckering, and roll out, showed significant differences in fit evaluation. A more realistic visualisation of fit issues needs to be developed by building a database of characteristics of various seams and fabrics on the body. This study provided suggestions for areas of improvement in 3D virtual fit simulation technology for increased adoption of the 3D technology for effective prototyping and quality assessment in the fashion industry.

Can 3D Virtual Prototype Conquer the Apparel Industry?

A scenario of an apparel industry without paper fashion drawings which become patterns and then cut and sewn fabric to end up to a prototype is too optimistic. A future scenario of a fashion designer comfortable enough with 3D technology to create from the beginning that initial fashion drawing in a three-dimensional space making quick decisions, trying out different fabrics, colors and contrasts, communicating his/her ideas with the pattern maker and the entire development team in true to life 3D and within hours instead of days or weeks, sounds exciting but for some, science fiction. Threedimensional (3D) technology - while well established in many other industrial sectors like automotive, aerospace, architecture and industrial design, has only just started to open up a whole range of new opportunities for apparel designers. The paper will discuss the process of 3D simulation technology enhanced by high quality visualization of data and its capability to ensure a massive competitiveness in the market. Secondly, it will underline the most frequent problems & challenges that occur in the process chain when various partners in the production of textiles and apparel are working together. Finally, it will offer a perspective of how the Virtual Prototyping Technology will make the global textile and apparel industry change to a level where designs will be visualized on a computer and various scenarios modeled without even having to produce a physical prototype. This state-of-the-art 3D technology has been described as transformative and “disruptive” comparing to the process of the way apparel companies develop their fashion products today. It provides the benefit of virtual sampling not only for quick testing of design ideas, but also reducing process steps and having more visibility. The so called “digital asset” can be used for other purpose such as merchandising or marketing.

Numerical simulation of flow-induced stresses in mold filling process using a three-dimensional two-phase flow model

The flow-induced stresses which arise during the filling stage have significant influences on the mechanical and optical properties of injection-molded products. The prediction of flow-induced stresses in mold-filling process is a challenging problem, which includes viscoelastic polymer melt free surface flow. Thus, this paper presents a three-dimensional (3D) non-isothermal two-phase flow model to quantitative predict the flow-induced stresses in polymer mold-filling process based on the XPP model. In this model, the governing equations for gas and viscoelastic melt are united into a system namely the generalized Navier–Stokes equations. In order to improve the stability of the numerical method in 3D, an enhanced treatment of stress solid boundaries is proposed. The stresses on solid boundaries are calculated using an effective second-order Runge–Kutta method. The model is successfully solved by using the finite volume method, and the melt front is accurately captured by level set method. The validity of the method is verified by two benchmark problems. Then the mold-filling process of a rectangular plate is studied numerically, obtaining the evolutions of flow-induced stresses at different levels along the gap-wise direction, which can not be simulated by 2.5D model. The predicted flow-induced birefringence is in agreement with the experimental result reported in the literature. Furthermore, the effects of injection velocity and some model parameters of XPP model on flow-induced stresses are numerically predicted. The numerical results show that the 3D simulation technology can effectively predict the flow-induced stresses and birefringence in non-isothermal viscoelastic polymer mold-filling process. The results can provide the theory foundation for improving the properties of products in actual production processes.

Design and Realization of Scenic Spot Electronic Sand Table Based on ArcGIS

The design and Realization of the scenic spot electronic sand table system as the core of electronic sand table, such as remote sensing, and geographic information system, 3D simulation technology and other related concepts were introduced, the electronic sand table overall data structure and process analysis, discusses how to establish the electronic sand table based on ArcGIS software and realize its function, resulting inconvenience the tour guide teaching at the same time,upgrade the development level of tour industry.

Comprehensive support for nuclear decommissioning based on 3D simulation and advanced user interface technologies

There is an increasing international focus on the need to optimise decommissioning strategies, driven by the anticipation of high costs and major effort for the decommissioning of nuclear facilities in the coming decades. The goals are to control and mitigate costs and negative impacts on workers, the general public, and the environment. The methods presently employed for many decommissioning tasks do not apply the latest advancements of science and technology. Therefore, there is growing interest in research and development into the adoption of novel techniques for improving safety, reducing costs, and increasing transparency.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the authors’ results from investigating how current and emerging technologies can be applied to enhance the international decommissioning strategy, focussing in particular on three-dimensional simulation, virtual reality, advanced user interfaces, mobile and wearable devices, and geographical information systems. Our results demonstrate that emerging technologies have great potential for supporting adoption of new instrumentation, improving data and knowledge management, optimising project plans, briefing and training field operators, and for communication, surveillance, and education in general.

The Research of 3D Human Motion Simulation and Video Analysis System Implemented in Sports Training

With the rapid development of computer technology, human motion tracking based on video is a kind of using ordinary camera tracking unmarked human movement technology. It has important application value in automatic monitoring, human-computer interaction, sports analysis and many other fields. This research is a hot research direction in the field of computer vision in recent years. Because of the complexity of the problem and the lack of understanding of the nature of the human visual tracking based on video is always a difficult problem in computer vision. The research content of this article is set in sports training, for motion analysis of non-contact, no interfere with measurement and simulation requirements, the use of computer graphics and computer vision technology, discussing 3D human motion simulation technology based on video analysis.

Research on 3D Simulation Modeling Method of Faults Based on Coal Stratum Floor TIN

The research on 3D simulation technology for complex geological body according to geological and remote sensing data is a hot issue in current geosciences research field. The simulation and expression of coal mine structures containing faults are the main bottleneck. A new 3D interactive simulation modeling method is proposed and a relevant code is developed for the method. By using the system, the fault data can be gained from the coal stratum floor triangulated irregular network (TIN) interactively, and the 3D solid models of the fault are generated according to the results of computing the fault/coal seam intersection line, fault modeling centre lines and fault modeling influence domains. Moreover, the floor contours of coal stratum including faults can be updated quickly and accurately, which lay the foundation for precise modeling of coal body and digital mine construction.

3D Cloud Simulation Technology in Flight Visual System

The simulation technology of 3D cloud can be the ideal method to meet both making human visual scenes realistic and generating weather radar images in flight simulations. This paper describes a 3D cloud simulation method and technology that focuses in three aspects of cloud modeling, lighting and rendering. Firstly, the 3D cloud was modeled in a particle system to specify the atmosphere characteristics of cloud in natural world, then the textures were mapped to the particles to improve the cloud authentic and the lighting model was established to make the cloud environments realistic. Finally, the impostor technology was used to accelerate the rendering speed. The implementation on PC platform shows that the method and technology can generate realistic 3D cloud and the real time ability is satisfied.