3D Computer Research Articles

Polar-vision1: A Novel Collinearity Equation of Perspective Projection in Polar Coordinate System

Abstract. Progress has been made in the community of photogrammetry and 3d computer vision in addressing the mathematical challenge posed by the collinearity equation. We introduce a new method for establishing the coordinate reference for 2d pixels and 3d landmarks using 'angular coordinates'. The mathematical relationships required for converting 3d landmarks, expressed in angular coordinates, to the camera framework are presented. The landmarks are then projected using perspective projection to obtain 2d pixels represented in angular coordinates. This framework is formally nominated as the 'Polar-vision1', which has been developed and integrated into the commercial software G3D-Cluster. Its application to pinhole camera image processing has demonstrated superior efficiency and admission rates of tie points, as well as reconstruction detail capabilities, compared to OpenMVG, achieving approximately a 1.4× improvement. The project 'Key Technologies and Tool System for Realistic 3D Modeling through Integration of Multi-Source Information in the Space-Air-Ground Domain' was awarded First Prize at the 2023 Surveying Science and Technology Awards, with Polar-vision1 as one of the innovative points.

Structured Generation Method of 3D Synthetic Tree Models for Precision Assessment

Abstract. The technology for 3D reconstruction of tree models based on point clouds has been extensively researched, necessitating effective datasets for the study of branch and leaf separation, skeleton point extraction, and tree parameter extraction methods. However, existing datasets for 3D tree models face several challenges, including insufficient data volume for deep learning network training, low accuracy of model ground truth impeding effective method precision evaluation, and a lack of dataset richness to satisfy the needs of multi-type method assessments. In response to these challenges, This paper introduces, for the first time, a fully automated method for generating structured three-dimensional synthetic tree models, and constructs a large-scale 3D synthetic tree dataset enriched with comprehensive structural information. This method facilitates automated computation across several processes, including the mass generation of simulated trees, separation of branches and leaves, noise generation, extraction of skeleton points, and volume calculation. To validate the usability of this dataset across various applications, this paper employs state-of-the-art (SoTA) algorithms to verify the accuracy of methods in 3D tree model reconstruction and carbon stock calculation, thereby thoroughly demonstrating the dataset’s effectiveness.

The Effect of 3D Computer Animated-Content Coaching Style on Student Academic Feat in Motor Vehicle Mechanics Work in Technical Colleges

The impacting of knowledge/skills in the technical college in the recent time in the modern world is by coaching students with 3D computer animated-content in the Western world. The usage of the 3D computer animated-content, makes coaching to be real to students, they see and feel the objects which they use to learn. Eighty-one (81) students was deployed for the probe, sampling of students was not done because of the population that was deployed for the probe, all the students that offers motor vehicle mechanics work in the selected technical colleges were deployed for the probe. The apparatus that was deployed for the probe was motor vehicles mechanics work feat test, was validated using fifteen students from practical college in Anambra State. Three lecturers were deployed for the validation, after the validation a reliability test was conducted and it was detected that the reliability of the apparatus was 0.73, meaning that the apparatus was reliable. Two probe question were raised to guide the probe and two hypotheses were formulated at 0.05 level of implication, to check for level of implication using (ANCOVA) to check the level of implication. Findings were made, and conclusion was also made by the investigator at the end of the probe.

3D visualization of hurricane storm surge impact on urban infrastructure

As climate change intensifies, resulting in more severe rainfall events, coastal cities globally are witnessing significant life and property losses. A growingly crucial component for flood prevention and relief are urban storm flood simulations, which aid in informed decision-making for emergency management. The vastness of data and the intricacies of 3D computations can make visualizing the urban flood effects on infrastructure daunting. This study offers a 3D visualization of the repercussions of hurricane storm surge flooding on Galveston, TX residences, illustrating the impact on each structure and road across varied storm conditions. We employ target detection to pinpoint house door locations, using door inundation as a metric to gauge potential flood damage. Within a GIS-based framework, we model the damage scope for residences exposed to varying storm intensities. Our research achieves three core goals: 1) Estimating the storm inundation levels on homes across different storm conditions; 2) Assessing first-floor elevations to categorize housing damages into three distinct groups; and 3) Through visualization, showcasing the efficacy of a proposed dike designed to shield Galveston Island from future storm surge and flood events.

A Giant Impact Origin for the First Subduction on Earth

AbstractHadean zircons provide a potential record of Earth's earliest subduction 4.3 billion years ago. It remains enigmatic how subduction could be initiated so soon after the presumably Moon‐forming giant impact (MGI). Earlier studies found an increase in Earth's core‐mantle boundary (CMB) temperature due to the accumulation of the impactor's core, and our recent work shows Earth's lower mantle remains largely solid, with some of the impactor's mantle potentially surviving as the large low‐shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs). Here, we show that a hot post‐impact CMB drives the initiation of strong mantle plumes that can induce subduction initiation ∼200 Myr after the MGI. 2D and 3D thermomechanical computations show that a high CMB temperature is the primary factor triggering early subduction, with enrichment of heat‐producing elements in LLSVPs as another potential factor. The models link the earliest subduction to the MGI with implications for understanding the diverse tectonic regimes of rocky planets.

Safety-oriented urban pavement design and evaluation: integrating microscopic simulation and tyre-pavement friction

ABSTRACT Tyre-pavement friction significantly impacts traffic safety performance, yet integrating these topics is often overlooked in pavement engineering. This paper addresses this gap by utilising microscopic traffic simulation and surrogate measures of safety to assess vehicular conflicts severity in diverse urban scenarios and establish friction thresholds for practical implementation. A pre-construction materials selection approach is proposed, employing a predictive model for tyre-pavement friction. Findings reveal that combinations of fine-graded mixtures and low surface texture mineral aggregates can lead to increased conflict severity in urban environments. Furthermore, a post-construction texture assessment using 3D computer vision was applied for verifying compliance with friction thresholds for asphalt pavement surfaces. This study emphasises the potential for cost-effective integration of traffic simulation and safety analysis to an enhanced urban pavement design and evaluation. By incorporating safety-based tyre-pavement friction considerations, decision-making related to materials selection and friction conditions can be improved, leading to safer urban transportation networks.

Highly-mass-loaded hot galactic winds are unstable to cool filament formation

Abstract As cool clouds are entrained by a hot supersonic galactic wind, they may be shredded by hydrodynamical instabilities and incorporated into the hot flow. One-dimensional steady-state calculations show how cool cloud entrainment affects the bulk thermodynamics and kinematics of the hot gas: mass-loading decelerates the hot flow and changes its entropy. Here, we investigate the stability of mass-loaded hot winds using both perturbation analysis and 3D time-dependent radiative hydrodynamical simulations. We show that mass-loading is stable over a broad range of parameters and that the 1D time-steady analytic solutions exactly reproduce the 3D time-dependent calculations, provided that the flow does not decelerate sufficiently to become subsonic. For higher values of the mass-loading, the flow develops a second sonic point, with the first being at the edge of the wind-driving region. Strong deceleration increases the wind density and the flow becomes radiative, undergoing a thermal instability to form elongated dense cometary filaments. We explore the mass-loading parameters required to trigger this behavior. For certain approximations, we can derive analytic criteria. In general a mass-loading rate similar to the initial hot mass outflow rate is required. In this sense, the destruction of small cool clouds by a hot flow may ultimately spontaneously generate fast cool filaments, as observed in starburst winds. Lastly, we find that the kinematics of filaments is sensitive to the slope of the mass-loading function. Filaments move faster than the surrounding wind if mass-loading is over long distances whereas filaments move slower than their surroundings if mass-loading is abrupt.

2D and 3D Computational Modeling of Surface Flooding in Urbanized Floodplains: Modeling Performance for Various Building Layouts

AbstractUnderstanding the strengths and limitations of the modeling capacity of surface flooding in urbanized floodplains is of utmost importance as such events are becoming increasingly frequent and extreme. In this study, we assess two computational models against laboratory observations of surface urban flooding in a reduced‐scale physical model of idealized urban districts. Four urban layouts were considered, involving each three inlets and three outlets as well as a combination of three‐ and four‐branch crossroads together with open spaces. The first model (2D) solves the shallow‐water equations while the second one (3D) solves the Reynolds‐averaged Navier‐Stokes equations. Both models accurately predict the flow depths in the inlet branches. For the discharge partition between the outlets, deviations between the computations and laboratory observations remain close to the experimental uncertainties (maximum 2.5 percent‐points). The velocity fields computed in 3D generally match the measured surface velocity fields. In urban layouts involving mostly a network of streets, the depth‐averaged velocity fields computed by the 2D model agree remarkably well with those of the 3D model, with differences not exceeding 10%, despite the presence of helicoidal flow (revealed by the 3D computations). In configurations with large open areas, the 3D model captures generally well the trajectory and velocity distribution of main surface flow jet and recirculations; but the 2D model does not perform as well as it does in relatively channelized flow regions. Visual inspection of the jet trajectories computed by the 2D model in large open areas reveals that they substantially deviate from the observations.

IMVS: Integrating multi-view information on multiple scales for 3D object recognition

3D object recognition is a fundamental task in 3D computer vision. View-based methods have received considerable attention due to their high efficiency and superior performance. To better capture the long-range dependencies among multi-view images, Transformer has recently been introduced into view-based 3D object recognition and achieved excellent performance. However, the information among views on multiple scales is not utilized sufficiently in the existing Transformer-based methods. To address this limitation, we proposed a 3D object recognition method named iMVS to integrate Multi-View information on multiple Scales. Specifically, for the single-view image/features at each scale, we adopt a hybrid feature extraction module consisting of CNN and Transformer to jointly capture local and non-local information. For the extracted multi-view image features at each scale, we develop a feature transfer module including a view Transformer block to achieve the information transfer across views. Following a sequential process of the single-view feature extraction and multi-view feature transfer on multiple scales, the multi-view information is sufficiently interacted. Subsequently, the multi-scale features with multi-view information are fed into our designed feature aggregation module to generate a category-specific descriptor, where the adopted channel Transformer block facilitates the descriptor to be more expressive. Coupling with these designs, our method can fully exploit the information embedded within multi-view images. Experimental results on ModelNet40, ModelNet10 and a real-world dataset MVP-N demonstrate the superior performance of our method.

Towards digital representations for brownfield factories using synthetic data generation and 3D object detection

AbstractThis study emphasizes the importance of automatic synthetic data generation in data-driven applications, especially in the development of a 3D computer vision system for engineering contexts such as brownfield factory projects, where no data is readily available. Key points: (1) A successful integration of a synthetic data generator with the S3DIS dataset, leading to a significant enhancement in object detection of previous classes and enabling recognition of new ones; (2) A proposal for a CAD-based configurator for efficient and customizable scene reconstruction from LiDAR scanner point clouds.

Comparison of 3D Computer Assisted Planning With and Without Patient Specific Instrumentation for Severe Bone Defects in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

BackgroundPreoperative planning is an integral aspect of managing complex deformity in reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). The purpose of this study was to compare the success of patient specific instrumentation (PSI) and 3D computer-assisted planning with standard instrumentation (Non-PSI) in achieving planned corrections of the glenoid among patients undergoing RSA with severe bony deformity requiring glenoid bone grafts. MethodsA retrospective case-control study was performed, including all patients that underwent RSA with combined bone grafting procedures (BIO-RSA or structural bone grafting) for severe glenoid deformity by a single between June 2016 and July 2023. Patients were required to have preoperative and postoperative CT scans as well as preoperative 3D planning performed for inclusion. Patients were divided into two groups based on the use of 3D computer-assisted planning with or without PSI (PSI vs. Non-PSI). The corrected inclination and version were measured by two separate reviewers on preoperative and postoperative 2D CT scans and compared to their corresponding preoperative planning goals utilizing bivariate analyses. ResultsWe identified 45 patients that met our inclusion criteria (22 PSI and 23 Non-PSI). Preoperative inclination (mean ± SD) (PSI 10.12° ± 15.86°, Non-PSI 9.43° ± 10.64°; P = 0.864) and version (PSI -18.78° ± 18.3°, Non-PSI -17.82° ± 11.49°; P = 0.835) measurements were similar between groups. No significant differences in the mean deviation (error) between the postoperative and planned inclination (PSI 5.49° ± 3.72; Non-PSI 6.91° ± 5.05; P = 0.437) and version (PSI 8.37° ± 5.7; Non-PSI 5.37° ± 4.43; P = 0.054) were found between groups. No difference in the rate of outliers (>10° error) was noted in inclination (P = 0.135) or version (P = 0.445) between groups. Greater planned version correction was correlated with greater error when PSI was utilized (PSI r = 0.519, P = 0.013; Non-PSI r = 0.362, P = 0.089). ConclusionBoth PSI and 3D computer-assisted planning without PSI (Non-PSI) appear to be useful techniques to achieve version and inclination correction among patients undergoing RSA with severe glenoid deformity required glenoid bone grafting with no clear superiority of one method over the other. Surgeons should be aware that when utilizing PSI, slightly greater error in achieving version goals may occur as version correction is increased.

Abstract 3138: Atheroprone Flow, Aging, And Oxysterols Impair Endothelial Cell Nuclear Health Via Disruption Of Autoregulatory Perinuclear Cytoskeletal Dynamics

The vascular hemodynamic environment plays a well-known role with progressive pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, and aging. Our lab has previously shown that the exposure of oxysterols to endothelial cells (ECs) causes increased cell stiffening. This stiffening effect is compounded when the hemodynamic environment changes from atheroprotective laminar flow to atheroprone oscillatory flow. The increasing EC stiffening demonstrates that these disruptive effects significantly alter cellular biomechanics. The complexity of events associated with these altered biomechanical states leaves many questions unanswered about spatiotemporal changes in the biomechanical structures of endothelial cells exposed to a varying hemodynamic environment and oxysterols. To address this void, we observed the effects of 7-Ketocholesterol exposure (a major oxysterol) on the primary cytoskeletal/biomechanical components (F-actin, Microtubules, Intermediate Filaments, etc.) of human aortic endothelial cells during various time points of laminar/oscillatory flow conditions through a combination of sophisticated multiplexed 6-color labeling, ultra-high resolution 3D microscopy, 3D computer vision, and machine learning. Additionally, we applied these techniques to extracted aortic tissues from young and aged mice (on low fat diet vs high fat diet) and focused on obtaining information from both the laminar flow areas (descending aorta) and the oscillatory flow areas (aortic arch). Our findings demonstrate that oxysterol exposure and aging cause significant remodeling & alteration of crucial endothelial cytoskeletal/biomechanical components and that these alterations are unique to each combinatorial condition. Notably, we find that cytoskeletal remodeling associated with endothelial stiffening is accompanied by major nuclear distortion, a hallmark of aging and senescence which subsequently causes DNA damage and genomic instability. We also find that this nuclear distortion is driven by dynamic biomechanical changes and mediated by the hemodynamic environment, where atheroprotective flow promotes cytoskeletal configurations protecting the nuclei, and atheroprone flow promotes cytoskeletal configurations that leave the nuclei unprotected.

Visual aesthetics of narrative animation of 3D computer graphics: From both realist and expressive points of view

The field of animation is a unique realm for artistic creativity to convey stories. Animation is a technique in which images are manipulated to display moving visuals. In traditional animation, images are painstakingly hand-drawn or painted on transparent celluloid sheets, which are then photographed and showcased on film. The process of creating 3D animation is highly intricate and time-consuming. Animators must consider numerous factors to produce high-quality, visually stunning animation. The current study aligns with the ongoing development in computer graphics, which are influenced by the hyper-realist ethos. The study delves into animation aesthetics, computer graphics technology, and culture within the realm of 3D animation. For comparison, it also presents the findings of researchers and computer graphics experts, focusing on more expressive 3D narrative animations. This study merges research in art history, computer graphics, psychology, and expressive visual style, particularly their naturalistic attributes and emotional engagement. Regarding the potential for natural expression, this study draws upon two fundamental aspects of 3D technology: photorealistic rendering and one-point perspective. It is expected that future technological advancements will further enhance the evolution of expressive aesthetics in 3D animation. In conclusion. this study emphasizes that future 3D animation creation should prioritize aesthetic expressiveness.

Analisis Daya Dukung & Penurunan Bored Pile 80cm di Proyek Kompleks Kantor-Apartemen dengan Metode Analitis & Elemen Hingga

This study will look for the ultimate bearing capacity value of bored pile foundation and foundation subsidence, based on SPT data and loading test calculated empirically with SPT data using equations provided by O'Neil and Reese while loading test data using curve interpretation Davidson Method, Mazurkiewich Method, Chin Method and finite element method using 2D Plaxis software with all types of medium mesh. After analysis, the ultimate bored pile carrying capacity value of ø 80 cm based on SPT data using the O'neill and Reese equations was 1242 tons, then analysis using the Davisson method of 875 tons, using the Mazurkiewiech method of 960 tons and the Chin method of 876 tons. While the ultimate carrying capacity based on PLAXIS 2D calculations is 1364 tons. 5. Based on SPT data, the carrying capacity of a single bored pile axial permit (Qi) was obtained at 497 tons with SF = 2.5. And for the value of the decrease that occurs in the bored pile foundation based on analytical results is 22.85 mm, based on the loading test is 7.95 mm and based on the PLAXIS 2D program is 14.12 mm. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the O'Neil and Reese equations provide a greater value than the interpretation of load testing so that it will provide a large safety value if used when design and descent analysis that is closest to the results in the field is analysis with 2D PLAXIS with the Mohr-Coulomb modeling type. There are differences in carrying and lowering capacity analysis results with several methods used, but the use of analytical methods and finite element methods with PLAXIS 2D meets the safety requirements of bored pile foundations.

Nonlinear ray tracing in focused fields, part 1. Calculation of 3D focused wavefields: tutorial

In this three-part paper series, we develop a method to trace the lines of flux through a three-dimensional wavefield by following a direction that is governed by the derivative of the phase at each point, a process that is best described as flux tracing but which we interchangeably name “nonlinear ray tracing.” In this first part, we provide a tutorial on the high-speed calculation of three-dimensional complex wavefields, which is a necessary precursor to flux tracing. The basis of this calculation is the angular spectrum method, a well-known numerical algorithm that can be used to efficiently and accurately calculate diffracted fields for numerical apertures <0.7. It is known that this approach yields identical predictions to the first Rayleigh–Sommerfeld solution. We employ the angular spectrum method to develop two algorithms that generate the 3D complex wavefield in the region of focus of a lens. The first algorithm is based on the thin lens approximation, and the second is based on the concept of an ideal lens, which can be modeled using an optical Fourier transform. We review how these algorithms can be used to calculate focused laser beams with TEM00 and TEM01 laser profiles. The three-dimensional sampling requirements of the focused field are explained in detail, and expressions for the computational and memory efficiency of the two algorithms are developed. These two algorithms generate the 3D scaffold for the flux tracing method developed in the second paper, and in the third paper we highlight the application of the method to understanding monochromatic lens aberration. Disregarding the second and third papers, this first paper will serve as a practical tutorial for anyone seeking to compute focused fields in three dimensions.

Maser flares driven by isothermal shock waves

ABSTRACT We use 3D computer modelling to investigate the time-scales and radiative output from maser flares generated by the impact of shock waves on astronomical unit-scale clouds in interstellar and star-forming regions, and in circumstellar regions in some circumstances. Physical conditions are derived from simple models of isothermal hydrodynamic (single-fluid) and C-type (ionic and neutral fluid) shock waves, and based on the ortho-H2O 22-GHz transition. Maser saturation is comprehensively included, and we find that the most saturated maser inversions are found predominantly in the shocked material. We study the effect on the intensity, flux density, and duration of flares of the following parameters: the pre-shock level of saturation, the observer’s viewpoint, and the shock speed. Our models are able to reproduce observed flare rise times of a few times 10 d, specific intensities of up to 105 times the saturation intensity and flux densities of order 100(R/d)2 Jy from a source of radius R astronomical units at a distance of d kiloparsec. We found that flares from C-type shocks are approximately five times more likely to be seen by a randomly placed observer than flares from hydrodynamically shocked clouds of similar dimensions. We computed intrinsic beaming patterns of the maser emission, finding substantial extension of the pattern parallel to the shock front in the hydrodynamic models. Beaming solid angles for hydrodynamic models can be as small as 1.3 × 10−5 sr, but are an order of magnitude larger for C-type models.

Method for considering real gas equations of state in through-flow programs

Numerical methods are significant in the turbomachine design process and off-design analysis. One of these methods is the through-flow method in the meridional plane, which is utilized in an early design phase. It provides a robust and quick numerical turbomachinery analysis by only giving a few characteristic geometric parameters.This work shows an extension of the through-flow method by considering real gas equations of state (EOSs) in throughflow programs. This is implemented in an in-house through-flow program called tFlow. This enables the method to support a more reliable calculation regarding, for instance, carbon dioxide (CO2) in a high-pressure region, where the gas does not behave like an ideal gas. The incorporation of real gas EOSs is validated with two-dimensional (2D) calculations of nozzle flows and with quasi-three-dimensional (3D) calculations of supercritical CO2 (sCO2) centrifugal compressors. A straightforward method for modifying the Riemann inlet boundary conditions for real gases is presented enabling a quick extension of through-flow codes to real gases and providing a stable solution process. Look-up tables (LUTs) are used instead of common high-degree polynomials to solve the real gas thermodynamic properties and reduce the computation time by a factor of about 20. Additionally, the calculation results verify the application of the Jameson–Schmidt–Turkel (JST) scheme in terms of real gas EOSs. Finally, the predictions are compared against 1D solutions for 2D cases and against the experimental data of the sCO2-HeRo compressor for 3D cases.

Creating a digital passport based on the spatial computer model of the isobaric phase diagram for the Ag-Au-Sb system

Three-dimensional (3D) computer model of isobaric phase diagram of the Ag-Au-Sb system, constructed by assembling from surfaces and phase regions, is presented. Calculations of material balances permit to study the history of crystallization of a particular alloy, formation of a microstructure with detailed analysis and qualitative and quantitative assessment of its constituent elements. The latter opens up opportunities for creating digital passports of materials received in the system.

Accelerated semantic segmentation of additively manufactured metal matrix composites: Generating datasets, evaluating convolutional and transformer models, and developing the MicroSegQ+ Tool

Data-driven applications are penetrating every aspect of Additive Manufacturing (AM) to enable efficient resolution of key existing challenges. One such application is semantic segmentation which automatically quantifies post-process structure data from graphic or 3D computer representations. In industrial settings, these models can expedite the development of new materials or processes. However, Additively Manufactured (AMed) materials offer unique challenges, which require new models to be developed and trained. These challenges include out-of-balance classes (e.g., defects), massive labeling efforts, and significant data preparation costs. Recent applications of semantic segmentation in AM have shown the potential of ensemble-based approaches at the expense of increased parameters and computational burden while ignoring the minority classes. In this work, we propose a reproducible method and develop an associated tool to rapidly segment and subsequently quantify industrial AMed metallographic images. First, two new datasets representing AMed materials are generated from extensive experimentation. Subsequently, state-of-the-art models from convolutional and self-attention categories are evaluated in their ability to segment the datasets of interest. Finally, a modular software tool is developed for industrial applications. The developed Microstructure Segmentation, Quantification, and Fusion (+) tool or MicroSegQ+ enables a weighted pairing of predictions from different semantic segmentation models. The pairing strategy helps to exploit the complimentary performance of convolutional and transformer models on multi-class metallographic images from a Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) material system. In addition to developing models on this MMC dataset, the proposed strategy is evaluated on an open-source metal AM dataset. We also evaluate the generalizability of the best-performing model on a second MMC dataset from a different industrial setting that shows an overall accuracy of 93 % without fine-tuning. The proposed tool enables rapid quantification under 1 min, unlike the existing semi-automatic approach that takes 1–2 h of segmentation effort on single bead cross-sections. The tool is wrapped into a single executable file for industrial deployment. The work also contributes to two annotated datasets from a direct energy deposition (DED) AM process. The datasets can be used to develop and validate new semantic segmentation models of AMed microstructures, whereas the functionality of the tool can be expanded upstream to include data and modeling steps, enabling a no-code pipeline for the industry.

Idiopathic aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in children who are professionally engaged in gymnastics: A literature review

BACKGROUND: Aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in school-age children is a severe, rapidly progressive degenerative and dystrophic disease. A significant proportion of girls aged 10 years with osteonecrosis of the femoral head have been professionally engaged in rhythmic gymnastics. The relationship between professional sports, in particular rhythmic gymnastics, and the development of this pathology and the mechanism of impaired blood flow in the femoral head in such cases remains unclear. The severity of the course and serious consequences of this disease in the form of multidimensional deformities of the femoral head, early arthrosis of the hip joint, and persistent disability, require close attention.
 AIM: To analyze modern world literature data on the etiology, pathomechanics, and features of the course and treatment of idiopathic aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in children professionally engaged in rhythmic gymnastics.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search on the problem of idiopathic aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in children professionally engaged in rhythmic gymnastics in the open information databases was conducted in PubMed, Science Direct, and Library with an analysis depth of 20 years.
 RESULTS: The analysis of publications on the osteonecrosis of the femoral head allowed us to talk about the etiological connection of this condition with professional rhythmic gymnastics, namely, high-intensity repetitive loads on the hip joint of a child. Studies using in vivo laser Doppler flowmetry and 3D computer modeling prove the occlusion of blood vessel branches encircling the femur under excessive mechanical stress on the femoral head and potentially unfavorable positions in the hip joint – overextension (hyperextension), external rotation, and abduction.
 CONCLUSIONS: Professional gymnastics can be a risk factor for the development of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Frequent late disease diagnoses with the development of severe deformity of the femoral head and end-stage coxarthrosis requiring total hip replacement in adolescents determine the need for early identification of the causes of hip pain in children engaged in gymnastics. The findings will help improve treatment results and reduce the number of organ replacement interventions.