27th June Research Articles

World Archaeological Congress 10: Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia, 22nd to the 28th of June 2025

World Archaeological Congress 10: Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia, 22nd to the 28th of June 2025

Building community resilience to extreme heat: Lessons learned from Spokane, WA community conversations

Abstract Heat is the primary cause of weather-related mortality in the United States. The 2021 Northwest heat dome highlighted this susceptibility. In Washington State, 159 excess deaths were attributed to the 7-day period of unprecedented extreme heat between June 26th and July 2nd. This impact was felt even in some of the more acclimatized parts of the state, like Spokane County, where 19 heat-related deaths were reported. As climate change increases the frequency, duration, and intensity of extreme heat events, creating and sustaining heat-resilient communities has become an urgent public health priority. On 6 June 2023, Gonzaga University, in partnership with the University of Washington, hosted the Spokane Extreme Heat Risk Intervention Stakeholder Synthesis Symposium. The goals of the symposium were to debrief from recent heat events, identify extreme heat risk reduction interventions used in the region, and characterize remaining practice-relevant research priorities. The symposium convened 45 stakeholders including representatives from local and state agencies, academia, and community-based and Tribal organizations. Symposium participants engaged in small group discussions using the World Café MethodTM. Notes from each discussion were coded using a content analysis approach. Symposium participants identified strengths, barriers to heat resilience, and solutions to reduce risk throughout the Spokane community. We present these findings by practice topic, including risk communication, intervention, collaboration, policy, and research. Additionally, we utilize the socio-ecological model as a conceptual framework to illustrate the complex interplay of factors that govern an individual’s experience of, and ability to respond to, extreme heat events. Given extreme heat’s impact on global public health, the methods used to increase community resilience in Spokane, WA, USA could be used by other communities worldwide to increase their own heat-resilience.

PACMMOD Volume 2 Issue 4: Editorial

We are pleased to present the 4th issue of Volume 2 of PACMMOD. This issue contains papers that were submitted to the SIGMOD research track in January 2024. Papers accepted in this issue have been invited for presentation in the research track of the ACM SIGMOD Conference on Management of Data 2025, to be held in Berlin, Germany. We look forward to seeing you in Berlin from the 22nd to the 27th June, 2025.

Results of the Italian cross-sectional web-based survey "Nutrition and breast cancer, what would you like to know?" An attempt to collect and respond to patients' information needs, through social media.

Several studies have demonstrated that, following a breast cancer (BC) diagnosis, patients are eager to obtain information on cancer and nutrition, in order to ameliorate both their quality of life (QoL) and disease outcome. To avoid BC survivors to get wrong information from unreliable sources, healthcare providers need to be aware of patients' needs, to guide them toward optimal nutrition recommendations, aimed at preventing tumor recurrence and increasing survival rates. The cross-sectional web-based survey "Nutrition and breast cancer, what would you like to know?" has been conceived and conducted, in Italy, between the 2nd and the 25th of June 2023. The link to the 19-items questionnaire, structured in 6 sections, was distributed via social media (Facebook and Instagram), newsletter, institutional websites, and printed flyers. Patients' responses were collected and analyzed, reporting absolute and relative frequencies. A total of 1616 participants (98.9% female and 1.1% male), with an average age of 47.5 years, answered the survey. Only subjects who declared having previously received a BC diagnosis (N=1159, 71.7%) were included in the present analysis. Overall, the respondents showed a wide interest in understanding whether nutrition might help to manage therapy side effects, as well as knowing how specific diets, foods, nutrients, and supplements could affect disease onset, progression and prognosis. Importantly, the need to receive evidence-based information from the "referring physician/specialist" and "nutritionist/dietitian" was expressed by 95.8% and 88.8% of them, respectively. In this study, we primarily aimed at intercepting nutrition information needs and sources of an Italian BC survivors' group. Based on that, we first organized a proactive digital intervention, to respond via Instagram live broadcasts to patients' "cancer and nutrition"-related questions. Secondly, we arranged a healthcare providers dedicated-workshop focused on the latest evidence-based knowledge on nutrition and BC. It is crucial, in fact, that once healthcare professionals capture patients' information needs, they can respond with appropriate nutritional guidance, counseling and education programs, while counteracting misleading and incorrect messages.

Assessing the Impact of a Gluten-Free Diet on Celiac Disease Symptoms in Children: A Comprehensive Review.

Celiac disease, a serious autoimmune disease, is triggered by the ingestion of gluten. It is associated with many gastrointestinal and extraintestinal symptoms. The cornerstone of treatment is a strict gluten-free diet (GFD). This paper collected studies that were screened between the 15th and 25th of June 2024 and were searched for from many databases and registers, including PubMed, Medline, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Library, Europe PMC, and EBSCO Open Dissertations. We have included the 12 most relevant studies that examined the effects of GFD adherence among pediatric patients with celiac disease. Evidence suggests that a GFD caused notable improvements in liver function, growth metrics, and quality of life indices. Extraintestinal symptoms such as cardiac dysfunctions and obstructive sleep apnea also showed compelling improvement. We conclude that there are substantial advantages of a GFD in children with celiac disease and call for the need for personal nutritional support to address nutritional deficiencies and long-term studies and comprehensive strategies to optimize treatment outcomes and improve the quality of life for affected children.

Boosting enjoyment and social inclusion to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour among older adults: protocol for a feasibility study to test the JOIN4JOY approach in five European countries

IntroductionProgrammes for older people aimed at increasing physical activity (PA) and reducing sedentary behaviour (SB) traditionally focus on achieving functional and health improvements. Focusing on enjoyment and social inclusion could...

A phase 3, randomised, observer-blinded, placebo controlled-trial evaluating the safety and immunogenicity of investigational SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine CVnCoV in adult healthcare workers in Mainz (Germany)

BackgroundCV-NCOV-005 was conducted to generate additional safety and immunogenicity data for the former CVnCoV SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine candidate in healthcare workers (HCW). MethodsRandomised, observer blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial performed at the University Medical Center Mainz, Germany. HCWs aged ≥18 years with no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection/positive serology were randomly assigned to receive two doses of CVnCoV, or two doses of placebo (0.9% NaCl). The primary objectives were to expand the safety database of CVnCoV and assess antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2. Primary safety and reactogenicity outcomes included solicited adverse events (AEs) within 7 days after each dose and unsolicited AEs within 28 days after each dose, with safety follow-up for 13 months after first vaccination. Since HCWs became eligible to receive an authorised vaccine during enrolment and efficacy results from HERALD CVnCoV trial were made available on 30th of June 2021, this study was unblinded and converted to an open label design. ResultsMost participants in the CVnCoV group reported at least one solicited AE, a relatively high number being Grade 3 (43.3% in CVnCoV group and 6.4% in placebo group). Most AEs were short in duration and did not affect vaccine compliance. The percentage of participants with unsolicited AEs up to 28 days after any dose was slightly higher in CVnCoV group (37.0%) compared with placebo group (31.2%). IgG binding antibodies against the receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were observed after vaccination, with higher seroconversion rates and antibody levels after the second dose. ConclusionNo safety concerns for CVnCoV were identified up to 1 year post second dose. IgG responses against SARS-CoV-2 were observed after two doses, with a higher seroconversion rate and antibody levels observed after second vaccination.Study registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04674189, study period: 23rd of December 2020 to 8th of June 2022.

Growth, yield and nutrient uptake of browntop millet (Brachiaria ramosa) under varying sowing dates and nitrogen levels

A field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) season of 2019 at research farm of Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana to study the effect of sowing dates and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of browntop millet [Brachiaria ramosa (L.) Stapf]. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design (RBD) on sandy loam soil with factorial concept consisting of 4 dates of sowing (June 15th, June 30th, July 15th and July 30th) and 4 nitrogen levels (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg/ha) with 3 replications. Results showed that leaf area (683, 1530 and 1412 cm2 /plant), dry-matter production (248, 540, 622 g/m2 ), number of panicles/m2 (6.52), panicle length (17.82 cm), grains/panicle (147.92), grain (2,003 kg/ha) and straw yield (3,930 kg/ha); and nutrient uptake (N, P and K) at tillering, flowering and harvest (grain and straw) were significantly higher with June 15th sowing. Among N levels, application of 60 kg N/ha recorded highest leaf area (735, 1,560 and 1,437 cm2/plant), dry-matter production (243, 523 and 619 g/m2 ), number of panicles/m2 (6.48), panicle length (19.08 cm), grains/panicle (152.42), grain (1,921 kg/ha) and straw yield (3,949 kg/ha), and nutrient uptake (N, P and K) at tillering, flowering and harvest (grain and straw) but was at par with 40 kg N/ha over 20 and 0 kg N/ha.

Healthcare practitioners’ experiences and perspectives of music in perinatal care in Ireland: An exploratory survey

IntroductionEvidence shows that music can promote the wellbeing of women and infants in the perinatal period. Ireland's National Maternity Strategy (2016–2026) suggests a holistic approach to woman's healthcare needs and music interventions are ideally placed as a non-pharmacological and cost-effective intervention to improve the quality of care offered to women and infants. This cross-sectional survey aimed to explore the healthcare practitioners’ personal and professional experiences of using music therapeutically and its impact and barriers in practice. The survey also investigated practitioners’ knowledge and attitudes towards the use of music as a therapeutic tool in perinatal care. MethodsA novel online survey was developed and distributed through healthcare practitioners’ electronic mailing lists, social media, Perinatal Mental Health staff App, and posters at the regional maternity hospital during 26th June and 26th October 2020. Survey items included demographics, personal and professional use of music, and perspectives on music intervention in perinatal care. ResultsForty-six healthcare practitioners from across 11 professions were recruited and 42 were included in this study. 98 % of perinatal practitioners used music intentionally to support their wellbeing and 75 % referred to using music in their work. While 90 % found music beneficial in their practice, 15 % reported some negative effect. Around two-thirds of the respondents were familiar with the evidence on music and perinatal wellbeing and 95 % thought there was not enough guidance. 40 % considered music therapy an evidence-based practice and 81 % saw a role for music therapy in standard maternity service in Ireland. The qualitative feedback on how music was used personally and professionally, its’ reported benefits, negative effects, and barriers are discussed. DiscussionThis study offers insights into how healthcare practitioners viewed and applied music in perinatal practice. The findings indicate high interest and positive experiences in using music as a therapeutic tool in perinatal care which highlights the need for more evidence and guidance.

Assessing the social impacts of the COVID-19 crisis using phone helplines. The case of the Balearic Islands, Spain.

Crises and health policies to tackle them can increase health inequalities. We explored the scope and usefulness of helplines set up during the COVID-19 crisis and characterised the vulnerability of their users. This study explored the geographic and socioeconomic effects of the telephone helplines set up by the Balearic Islands Government and aimed to characterise the vulnerability of their users. Telephonic survey combined with a geographical analysis of a sample of calls made between 15th of March and 30th of June of 2020 to five helplines: COVID-19 general information; psychological, social (minimum vital income), labour (temporary employment regulation), and housing (rental assistance) helps. The questionnaire included sociodemographic and housing characteristics, type of problem, and if it was solved or not. We used multinomial regression to explore factors associated with having solved the problem. We calculated the standardised rate of calls by municipality using Chi-squared and z-test to test differences. 1,321 interviews from 2,678 selected (231 excluded, 608 untraceable, and 518 refusals). 63.8% of women, 48.7% were born in another country. They had no internet at home in 3.1%, only on the phone in 17.3%. The 23.5% had no income at home. The Problem was solved in 25.4%, and partly in 30.9%. Factors associated with not solving the problem were not having income at home (p = 0.021), labour (p = 0.008), economic (p = 0.000) or housing (p = 0.000) problems. People from 55 of 67 municipalities did at least one call. The highest rates of calls were from coastal tourist municipalities. Helplines reached most of the territory of the Balearic Islands and were used mainly in tourist municipalities. It probably has not been helpful for families with more significant deprivation. Digital inequalities have emerged.

Optimized control and aggregation of existing electric water heaters to enable solar PV grid integration

Load shifting for existing electric resistance water heaters (EWHs) presents a potential solution to utility challenges caused by the temporal mismatch between solar generation and electricity consumption. A case study in the Florida Power & Light (FPL) territory for both an individual and a fleet of EWHs evaluates this potential. Two optimization problems are solved using mixed-integer linear programming to maximize solar self-consumption and minimize electricity cost for an individual EWH. Compared to default operation, the solar maximization strategy results in nearly twice as much heating electricity from solar (80% vs. 42%) and 14% increased electricity cost based on FPL rates. An energy balance approach shows the aggregate impact of all FPL EWHs on days of peak and minimal load, June 25th and December 3rd. Publicized goals of increased solar capacity by 2030 will cause changes to the FPL net load, total load minus solar generation. The four million EWHs in the territory can stabilize the net load in 2030 as shifting their load causes a 24% decrease in the standard deviation of the predicted load on both dates. These results encourage widespread adoption of retrofit devices that control EWHs based on solar generation profiles and water consumption schedules.

Routine screening for HLA Antibodies in Heart Transplant patients-Does it affect clinical decision making?

We aimed to assess outcomes in patients with and without donor specific antibodies (DSA) and to evaluate the relationship between DSA presence and graft function, cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), and mortality. The study population comprises 193 consecutive long-term heart transplanted (HTx) patients who underwent DSA surveillance between 2016 and 2022. The patients were prospectively screened for CAV through serial coronary angiograms, graft function impairment through serial echocardiograms, and cardiac biomarkers. The patients were followed from the first DSA measurement until death, 5 years follow-up or right censuring on the 30th of June 2023. DSAs were detected in 50 patients using a cut-off at MFI ≥1000 and 45 patients using a cut-off at ≥2000 MFI. The median time since HTx was 9.0 years [3.0-14.4]. DSA positive patients had poorer graft function and higher values of NT-proBNP and troponin T, and more prevalent CAV than DSA negative patients. In total, 25 patients underwent endomyocardial biopsies due to DSA presence while another eight patients underwent endomyocardial biopsies for other reasons. Histological antibody mediated rejection (AMR) signs were seen in three biopsies. During a median follow-up of five years [4.7-5], a total of 41 patients died. Mortality rates did not differ between DSA positive and DSA negative patients (HR 1.2, 95% CI.6-2.4). DSA positive patients were more likely to experience CAV progression than DSA negative patients (HR 2.7, 95% CI 1.5-4.8) CONCLUSIONS: Routine screening reveals DSA in approximately 25% of long-term HTx patients but is rarely related to histopathological AMR signs. DSA presence was associated with poorer graft function and more prevalent and progressive CAV. However, DSA positive patients had similar survival rates to DSA negative patients.

Seasonal Incidence of Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and Leafhopper (Empoasca kerri) on Soybean

The investigation titled " seasonal incidence of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and leafhopper (Empoasca kerri) on soybean" was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Adilabad, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University during the kharif seasons of 2017 and 2018. The pooled results revealed that among various sowing dates, namely, 18th - 15th of June (sowing I), 28th - 25th of June (sowing II), 7th - 5th of July (sowing III), 17th - 15th of July (sowing IV), and 27th - 25th of July (sowing V), sowing I recorded the minimum incidence of the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) population (2.00), and the maximum incidence was observed in sowing III (2.77) during kharif 2017. In the kharif season of 2018, the minimum incidence was noted in sowing IV (4.25), while the maximum was observed in sowing II (5.22). Similarly, the incidence of leafhoppers (Empoasca kerri Pruthi) was at its minimum during sowing I (2.99 and 4.41) and reached its maximum during sowing III (3.67 and 6.16) in kharif 2017 and 2018, respectively.

Human lifespan and sex-specific patterns of resilience to disease: a retrospective population-wide cohort study

BackgroundSlower paces of aging are related to lower risk of developing diseases and premature death. Therefore, the greatest challenge of modern societies is to ensure that the increase in lifespan is accompanied by an increase in health span. To better understand the differences in human lifespan, new insight concerning the relationship between lifespan and the age of onset of diseases, and the ability to avoid them is needed. We aimed to comprehensively study, at a population-wide level, the sex-specific disease patterns associated with human lifespan.MethodsObservational data from the SIDIAP database of a cohort of 482,058 individuals that died in Catalonia (Spain) at ages over 50 years old between the 1st of January 2006 and the 30th of June 2022 were included. The time to the onset of the first disease in multiple organ systems, the prevalence of escapers, the percentage of life free of disease, and their relationship with lifespan were evaluated considering sex-specific traits.ResultsIn the study cohort, 50.4% of the participants were women and the mean lifespan was 83 years. The results show novel relationships between the age of onset of disease, health span, and lifespan. The key findings include: Firstly, the onset of both single and multisystem diseases is progressively delayed as lifespan increases. Secondly, the prevalence of escapers is lower in lifespans around life expectancy. Thirdly, the number of disease-free systems decreases until individuals reach lifespans around 87–88 years old, at which point it starts to increase. Furthermore, long-lived women are less susceptible to multisystem diseases. The associations between health span and lifespan are system-dependent, and disease onset and the percentage of life spent free of disease at the time of death contribute to explaining lifespan variability. Lastly, the study highlights significant system-specific disparities between women and men.ConclusionsHealth interventions focused on delaying aging and age-related diseases should be the most effective in increasing not only lifespan but also health span. The findings of this research highlight the relevance of Electronic Health Records in studying the aging process and open up new possibilities in age-related disease prevention that should assist primary care professionals in devising individualized care and treatment plans.

Association between sinus septa and lateral wall thickness with risk of perforation during maxillary sinus lift surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Sinus membrane perforation is a common complication of sinus lift surgery. This review aimed to examine if anatomical factors such as the presence of septa and lateral wall thickness influence the risk of membrane perforation. This study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023488259). PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for relevant studies published up to 26th June 2024. The outcome of interest was the risk of perforation based on presence of septa and lateral wall thickness. Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted with dichotomous data to obtain the odds ratio (OR) of perforation using Review Manager. Ten studies with 1865 patients undergoing 2168 "lateral" sinus lift procedures were included. The total incidence of Schneiderian membrane perforations was 19% (405 cases). Schneiderian membrane perforation was present in 169/425 cases (39.76%) with sinus septa and 184/1492 cases (12.33%) without septa. Meta-analysis showed that septa were significantly associated with an increased risk of perforation (OR: 4.03 95% CI: 1.77, 9.19) with high heterogeneity (I2 = 87%). The certainty of the evidence was very low. Data on lateral wall thickness and risk of perforation was too heterogeneous for a meta-analysis. Studies reported mixed results on the risk of perforation based on lateral wall thickness. Our results show, with very low-quality evidence, that the presence of septa significantly increases the risk of perforations during maxillary sinus lift surgery. Evidence on the association between lateral wall thickness and a risk of perforations during sinus lift surgery is conflicting, and no clear conclusions can be derived at this stage.

Experimental modal and FEM analysis of a historical building

The CEDRAV building in Cerreto di Spoleto, originally a monastery, was built in the 14th century on the top of a rock ridge. The two seismic events that occurred on September 26th, 1997, with magnitude Ms=5.4 and Ms=6, respectively, caused some damages to it, but the event occurred on 14 October 1997 caused the main damages. This study includes analyses mainly related to the part of the data acquired corresponding to tests and configurations using temporary deployments. The building is very complex and rigid. In fact, translational and torsional frequencies are close to one another, coupling occurs and damping ratio is low. Coupling of the frequencies and the low damping are two factors that cause beating effect when shaking is strong enough. For example, the approximate beating period is computed for the June 28th 2000 earthquake as (taking T1 = 1/9.7 = 0.104 s, and T2 = 1/10.4 = 0.096 s) Tb = 2.5 s, observable in the time history plots. On the basis of the experimental results obtained by means of temporary arrays, a permanent network was designed and installed, which recorded several seismic events. A preliminary analysis in frequency domain, based on the determination of auto and cross power spectral density, has been first performed; subsequently the modal structure identification by means of the Ibrahim time domain technique and the Frequency Domain Decomposition technique in the frequency domain, have been carried out. A frequency domain analysis of the structure has also been performed by means of the Frequency Response Function (FRF) analysis. The experimental results have been finally compared with those obtained from a FEM.

Investigating the Framing of the Tweets of Three Leading Political Parties of Pakistan

Online media let politicians speak with their crowd straightforwardly, especially during political proceedings. This study examined the media frames Pakistani politicians used while covering a Twitter political campaign in the Kashmir election. The study contained content analysis. This study mainly examined the three political parties, Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf (PTI), Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz), and Pakistan People's Party (PPP), and political representatives Imran Khan, Bilawal Zardari, and Mariam Nawaz’s political tweets. Tweets were collected from 25th June to 25th July 2021 and revealed eight frames (Word choice, Metaphors, Exemplars, Descriptions, Arguments, Visual Images, Depict, and Catchphrases) with different percentages in the relevant tweets. Results further indicated that Politicians use the hashtag in their official tweets. PPP used more metaphors than PMLN and PTI. PPP used more Catchphrases than PMLN and PTI. PTI used more word choices than PMLN and PPP. PMLN comparatively used more frames than PTI and PPP. PTI used more visual images than PMLN and PPP. Maryam Nawaz used more metaphors in comparison to Imran Khan and Bilawal Zardari. Imran Khan used more word choices than Maryam Nawaz and Bilawal Zardari. Maryam Nawaz used more Visual Images while tweeting than Bilawal Zardari and Imran Khan. Additionally, there were similarities between political leaders’ tweets and their official party page tweets. The frames that political representative’s emphasis is different from their party tweets’ frame strategy. Thus, this study concluded that the research findings specify that the choosing Twitter was a significant framing tool for campaigning and was resourcefully used to disseminate campaign apprises, endorse political accomplishments, and staying connected with the potential followers.

Effect of tillage methods and sowing dates on growth, yield and yield attributes of newly released Basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties under direct seeded

To standardize the tillage methods and dates of direct seeded Jammu Basmati rice varieties under sub tropical condition, a field experiment was conducted at research farm of Agrometeorology Section, Division of Agronomy, SKUAST-J, Chatha, Jammu during kharif season 2020. The experiment was comprised of two tillage methods i.e. zero (T1) and conventional tillage (T2) , two direct sowing dates viz., 10th (D1) and 25th June (D2) along with four newly released Basmati rice varieties viz., Jammu Basmati-370 (V1), Jammu Basmati-118 (V2), Jammu Basmati-138 (V3) and Jammu Basmati-123 (V4) with 16 treatment combinations and three replications in split-split plot design. Various crop growth parameters (plant height, LAI and above ground dry matter accumulation) were recorded at fortnight interval starting from 30 DAS till physiological maturity of crop was attained. Jammu Basmati rice varieties sown under conventional tillage method recorded significantly higher number of tillers/m2 (232.7) and also effective tillers/m2 (222.7) than the zero tillage method. The 10th June sown crop observed significantly higher leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, yield and yield attributes compared to late sown crop. Crop sown under conventional tillage method realized significantly higher grain yield (23.74 q/ha) as compared to zero tillage method (18.03 q/ha). Among the varieties, Jammu Basmati-123 recorded significantly higher leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and grain yield followed by Jammu Basmati-118, Basmati-370 and Jammu Basmati-138.

Implementation of the "Some" Communication Model on Social Media Marketing of Bayukarta Karawang Hospital

As the current hospital in Indonesia has shifted toward profit oriented, one of the causes is that Indonesia's entry into a free-market system that requires us to change our perspective on hospitals, (manajemen.net, 26th June 2020). As the age and technology developed, social media is considered to be an effective and efficient marketing medium for hospitals. Social media is one of the few that make it easier for people to get information on things because social media is easily accessible to all. The purpose of this research is to learn about Bayukarta's hospital marketing strategies through social media of Instagram. The research used concept theory "The Circular Model of SOME" (share, optimize, manage, engage) by Regina Luttrell. Methods used case research with qualitative descriptive approaches and data-collection techniques with interviews, observations. As a result of this research, Bayukarta's hospital chose social media Instagram towards increasingly growing social media users and matched Bayukarta's hospital target market. Bayukarta Hospital's Marketing propagates information about products or services offered to audiences through a post on the social media account Instagram @rs.bayukarta, before posting content done by collecting photos of products or services, events, promotions and discounts. The social instagram of bayukarta hospital is staffed by social media admins to respond to individual comments or questions of followers. To build a trust in Bayukarta Hospital consumers involves competent medical professionals and health-care professionals.

ASSESSING THE UPTAKE OF CORE OUTCOME SETS IN RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS FOR PARKINSON’S DISEASE

Abstract Background Parkinson’s Disease (PD) affects 1% of adults aged 60 and older, including 10 million individuals worldwide. As PD’s incidence rises, research funding is increasing substantially. PD’s core outcome set (COS) provides standardization for PD clinical trial outcomes. Adherence to the PD COS may improve research quality and study comparability. Objective: Analysis of the COS uptake rate before and after the PD COS publication. Methods On June 26th, 2023, we conducted a search of ClinicalTrials.gov to retrieve phase III/IV adult PD trials between 2013 and 2023. Screening for inclusion and data extraction occurred in a masked, duplicate fashion. Trial characteristics and COS uptake rate were extracted from this sample. Results In our 111 included trials, the COS uptake rate was highest for the ‘Walking and Balance’ outcome and lowest for the ‘Hospital Admissions’ outcome. Overall, there was a non-significant monthly increase of 0.26% (P = 0.266, CI = [-0.20, 0.72]) in “COS-defined outcome” measurement when comparing pre- and post-COS publication. Conclusion Overall, our study found no significant increase in COS uptake in PD clinical trials. We found multiple outcomes to be vastly unmeasured and heterogeneity among the measurement instruments used. These findings introduce complexity to the standardization and comparability of RCT outcomes. Barriers to COS uptake may be complex; however, overcoming these factors is vital to improving the usefulness of PD research.