24-hour Activity Research Articles

Abstract 14772: Effects of Reallocating Time in Different Physical Activity Intensities and Sleep on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Asian American Women: A Cross Sectional Modeling Study

Introduction: Physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB) and sleep form the finite 24-hour day; changes to one behavior result in changes to the others. Little is known about how shifting the balance of time spent in these behaviors affects cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. The purpose of this study is to model the effects of changes in PA, SB and sleep on body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure (BP) in Asian American women, who have elevated CV risk. Methods: Normotensive middle-aged Asian American women completed 7 days of hip and wrist actigraphy monitoring (Actigraph, GT3X and GT9X) to assess 24-hour activity. Total sleep time was identified using the Cole-Kripke algorithm with sleep diaries, and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), light PA and SB were classified by Freedson’s cut-points from wake time. Isotemporal substitution models were used to test effects of replacing 30 mins of each behavior with the others on BMI, WC and BP adjusting for age, education and comorbidity. Results: Data from 75 women were included (age=61.4±8.0, 57% college educated, median comorbidities=1[IQR=0-2]). On average, their days were composed of 0.5 hrs MVPA, 6.2 hrs light PA, 10 hrs SB and 5.3 hrs sleep (2.1 hrs non-wear time). In partition models, where all behaviors were entered simultaneously, more MVPA and sleep were associated with lower BMI and WC. In isotemporal substitution models that held total wear time constant (Table 1), replacing 30 mins SB with an equal amount of MVPA or sleep decreased BMI by 1.7 and 0.6 and WC by 4.1 and 1.2 cm. Replacing 30 mins light PA with MVPA or sleep decreased BMI by 1.9 and 0.9 and WC by 4.5 and 1.6 cm. None of the modeled behavior changes affected BP. Conclusion: These findings suggest that substituting 30 mins of SB or light PA with MVPA or sleep could significantly reduce Asian American women’s BMI and WC. Future studies should test the impact of behavioral interventions that promote these changes on CV risk in Asian American women.

24-hour Activity and Sleep Profiles for Adults Living with Arthritis : Habits Matter

24-hour Activity and Sleep Profiles for Adults Living with Arthritis : Habits Matter

24-hour activity for children with cerebral palsy: a clinical practice guide.

The association between physical activity and health has been clearly established, and the promotion of physical activity should be viewed as a cost‐effective approach that is universally prescribed as a first‐line treatment for nearly every chronic disease. Health care providers involved in the care for individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) are encouraged to take an active role in promoting their health and well‐being. Balancing activity behaviours across the whole day, with improved physical activity, reduced sedentary time, and healthy sleep behaviours, can set up infants, preschool‐, and school‐aged children with CP for a healthy trajectory across their lifetime. However, most clinicians do not apply a systematic surveillance, assessment, and management approach to detect problems with physical activity or sleep in children with CP. Consequently, many children with CP miss out on an important first line of treatment. This article presents an evidence‐informed clinical practice guide with practical pointers to help practitioners in detecting 24‐hour activity problems as a critical step towards adoption of healthy lifestyle behaviours for children with CP that provide long‐term health benefits.

Intensity-specific validity and reliability of the Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study-physical activity questionnaire.

The Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study- physical activity questionnaire (JPHC-PAQ) was originally developed and validated for total physical activity (total PA). However, it is uncertain whether JPHC-PAQ could also estimate intensity-specific physical activity. The present study aims to evaluate the validity and reliability of intensity-specific physical activity by the JPHC-PAQ against 24-hour activity records (24h-R). One-hundred and ten participants were chosen from those who had enrolled in the JPHC cohort. Time spent for total PA and intensity-specific physical activity, i.e. moderate (MPA), vigorous (VPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was estimated by JPHC-PAQ. In addition, the volume of PA was calculated by time of each activity multiplied by intensity of activity. For validity assessment, estimated physical activities were compared with 24h-R. For reliability evaluation, a retest was conducted 3-6months after the first survey was answered. Moderately strong correlation between JPHC-PAQ and 24h-R was observed for total PA estimations (Spearman's rho=0.672). In addition, moderate correlations were found for MPA (activity time: rho=0.345, activity volume: rho=0.300) and MVPA (activity time: rho=0.563, activity volume: rho=0.672). Whereas, little association was found for VPA time and volume. As for reliability, moderately strong correlation was found for both total and intensity-specific physical activity in the test-retest (rho=0.482-0.745). In addition to total PA, the JPHC-PAQ showed acceptable validity and reliability for intensity-specific physical activity, especially in estimating MVPA and MPA.

The use of biotelemetry to explore disease progression markers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Objective To explore novel, real-world biotelemetry disease progression markers in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and to compare with clinical gold-standard measures. Methods: This was an exploratory, non-controlled, non-drug 2-phase study comprising a variable length Pilot Phase (n = 5) and a 48-week Core study Phase (n = 25; NCT02447952). Patients with mild or moderate ALS wore biotelemetry sensors for ∼3 days/month at home, measuring physical activity, heart rate variability (HRV), and speech over 48 weeks. These measures were assessed longitudinally in relation to ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) score and forced vital capacity (FVC); assessed by telephone [monthly] and clinic visits [every 12 weeks]). Results: Pilot Phase data supported progression into the Core Phase, where a decline in physical activity from baseline followed ALS progression as measured by ALSFRS-R and FVC. Four endpoints showed moderate or strong between-patient correlations with ALSFRS-R total and gross motor domain scores (defined as a correlation coefficient of ≥0.5 or >0.7, respectively): average daytime active; percentage of daytime active; total daytime activity score; total 24-hour activity score. Moderate correlations were observed between speech endpoints and ALSFRS-R bulbar domain scores; HRV data quality was insufficient for reliable assessment. The sensor was generally well tolerated; 6/25 patients reported mostly mild or moderate intensity skin and subcutaneous tissue disorder adverse events. Conclusions: Biotelemetry measures of physical activity in this Pilot Study tracked ALS progression over time, highlighting their potential as endpoints for future clinical trials. A larger, formally powered study is required to further support activity endpoints as novel disease progression markers.

Actigraphy-estimated sleep and 24-hour activity rhythms and the risk of dementia.

IntroductionWe investigated and compared associations of objective estimates of sleep and 24‐hour activity rhythms using actigraphy with risk of dementia.MethodsWe included 1322 non‐demented participants from the prospective, population‐based Rotterdam Study cohort with valid actigraphy data (mean age 66 ± 8 years, 53% women), and followed them for up to 11.2 years to determine incident dementia.ResultsDuring follow‐up, 60 individuals developed dementia, of which 49 had Alzheimer's disease (AD). Poor sleep as indicated by longer sleep latency, wake after sleep onset, and time in bed and lower sleep efficiency, as well as an earlier “lights out” time, were associated with increased risk of dementia, especially AD. We found no associations of 24‐hour activity rhythms with dementia risk.DiscussionPoor sleep, but not 24‐hour activity rhythm disturbance, is associated with increased risk of dementia. Actigraphy‐estimated nighttime wakefulness may be further targeted in etiologic or risk prediction studies.

Energy Intake and Total Daily Energy Expenditure Assessed by Subjective and Objective Methods in Older Individuals from a Tropical Setting in Brazil

Abstract Objectives To assess different methods of estimating energy balance (EB) and its components in a sample of older people (age ≥ 60 years) living in a tropical city in Brazil. Methods EB was calculated in 85 older individuals (69 women) as the difference between energy intake (EI), obtained by three 24-hour dietary recalls on nonconsecutive days, and total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) estimated by 24-hour physical activity recalls (24hPAR, subjective method) and accelerometry (ACC, objective method) on the same days. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) was estimated by a validated local predictive equations derived from a sample of healthy adults from the same city and by international equations (Schofield). Resting energy expenditure (MET) was also estimated by local predictive equation and the conventional value of 3.5 mL.kg−1.min−1. Anthropometry and % body fat (DXA) assessment was also obtained. Results Mean (SD) age was 69.0 (5.5) years with a mean BMI of 26.7 (4.4) kg.m−2 and %BF of 39.4 (7.9). BMR from locally-derived equations (1050.7 ± 188.7 kcal.day−1) was significantly lower than BMR estimated by the Schofield's equation (1286.5 ± 145.3 kcal.day−1). Likewise, predicted MET was significantly lower than the conventional value. Despite the high prevalence of overweight (66% with BMI ≥ 25 kg.m−2), EB was always negative for the 24hPAR method (−863.5 ± 799.5 kcal.day−1) but positive (252.1 ± 726.6 kcal.day−1) with the ACC method when MET was calculated with population-specific equations. EB estimated by ACC was also negative (−122.7 ± 781.0 kcal.day−1) using the conventional MET value. Conclusions The findings of this study indicate that EB is negative when the subjective method of TDEE estimation is used but becomes positive with the objective method. It is also evident that BMR and MET equations derived from samples of the population of interest may help improve the final estimates of TDEE and EB in older adults. Funding Sources CNPq (310,461/2016–20 and 485,168/2011–1) and FAPERJ (E-26/111.496/2011; E-26/202.514/2018; E-26/203.068/2017).

Dietary Intake Nutritional Status and Lifestyle of Adolescent Vegetarian and Nonvegetarian Girls in New Zealand (The SuNDiAL Project): Protocol for a Clustered, Cross-Sectional Survey

BackgroundAnecdotally, vegetarian eating patterns seem to be increasing in parallel with growing concerns about environmental sustainability. While this pattern of eating is widely believed to be associated with benefits for the planet and individual health, it may increase the risk of inadequate intakes and nutrient deficiency if not planned carefully. Adolescent girls may be particularly at risk, as they have increased requirements for nutrients such as iron, zinc, calcium, and vitamin B12 during growth and development.ObjectiveThe objective of the SuNDiAL Project (Survey of Nutrition, Dietary Assessment, and Lifestyles) is to compare the dietary intakes and habits, nutrition status, motivations, attitudes, and physical activity of a sample of vegetarian and nonvegetarian adolescent girls in New Zealand.MethodsA clustered, cross-sectional, nationwide study of adolescents aged 15-18 years was conducted. Secondary schools were recruited throughout New Zealand, and pupils (n=290) were invited to participate in data collection in either the first (February to April) or third (August to October) school term of 2019 (New Zealand schools operate on a 4-term year). Sociodemographic and health information; vegetarian status; dietary habits; and attitudes, motivations, and beliefs regarding food choices were assessed via an online self-administered questionnaire. Dietary intakes were collected via two 24-hour diet recalls on nonconsecutive days and will be adjusted for within-person variation using the Multiple Source Method, to represent usual intakes. Nutrient adequacy will be assessed by the estimated average requirement cut-point method or probability approach as appropriate. Height and weight were measured, and blood and urine samples collected for micronutrient status assessment. Participants wore an accelerometer for 7 days to assess 24-hour activity patterns (time spent asleep, sedentary, or engagement in light-intensity or moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity).ResultsRecruitment and data collection were conducted in 2019. Data are currently being cleaned and analyzed, with publication of the main results anticipated at the end of 2020.ConclusionsThe SuNDiAL Project will provide a meaningful and timely description of diet, nutrition status, and motivational factors associated with vegetarianism and identify any risks this pattern of eating may pose for female adolescents. The results of this study will support the development of targeted recommendations and interventions aimed at enhancing the health, growth, and development of adolescent girls.Trial RegistrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12619000290190; https://tinyurl.com/yaumh278International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/17310

1039 Sleep And Daytime Activity Among Mechanically Ventilated Adults During Early Critical Illness

Abstract Introduction The purpose of this study is to report 5 consecutive days’ descriptive data for sleep efficiency (SE), total sleep time (TST), and daytime activity ratio (DAR) among critically ill mechanically ventilated adults from 9 intensive care units (ICU) across two hospitals. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe sleep and activity patterns among mechanically ventilated adults during the early critical illness period. Methods We enrolled 31 critically ill mechanically ventilated subjects within 48 hours of ICU admission. Daytime periods were defined as 06:00-21:59; nighttime periods were defined as 22:00-05:59. Actigraphy estimated nighttime SE, TST, and the DAR. We calculated mean DARs [DAR = (daytime activity count per minute / 24-hour activity count per minute) x 100], which may be an indicator of altered rest/activity cycles. In our study, a DAR of >80% was used to define normal rest/activity patterns. Descriptive analyses were used for this sub-analysis of our parent randomized controlled trial. Results Among the 31 subjects included, the mean age was 59.6 ± 17.3 years, 41.9% were male, 80.6% were White, and 67.7% were Hispanic/Latino. The mean nighttime SE and TST over the 5-day ICU period were 83.1% ± 16.1 and 6.6 ± 1.3 hours, respectively. The mean DAR over the 5-day ICU period was 66.5% ± 19.2. Only 17.5% of subject days (14 days out of a total of 80 recorded days) met the definition of normal rest/activity patterns (DAR >80%). Conclusion Throughout the early ICU period, among mechanically ventilated patients, both the sleep/wake as well as the rest/activity cycle were disturbed. Intervention studies targeting the optimization of nighttime sleep consolidation and daytime activity should be investigated. Support This project was supported by a federal grant from the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Nursing Research (R01NR016702). This clinical trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03128671).

0037 Melanopsin Driven Pupil Responses and Physical Activity: Stability of Activity from Day-to-Day in Winter in Seasonal Affective Disorder

Abstract Introduction The post-illumination pupil response (PIPR) is a measure of the responsivity of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), and reflects the cell biology of the photoentrainment pathway projecting from the retina to the circadian clock. Adequate signaling from the ipRGCs in the retina to the circadian clock is necessary to result in robust circadian output which we hypothesize would increase inter-daily stability (IS), a non-parametric modeling technique that examines stability of rest activity rhythms across successive days. Methods Participants were aged 18–66 years and recruited from the greater Pittsburgh area during the Winter with Seasonal Affective Disorder who completed both actigraphy and pupillometry (n = 16). PIPR measures were collected after a 1 second red or blue light pulse, and are calculated as the Net difference between red and blue at multiple time frames: at 6 seconds post stimulus (PIPR 6), from 10–30 seconds post-stimulus (PIPR 20), or from 10–40 seconds post-stimulus (PIPR 30). Using actigraphy, inter-daily stability (IS) was calculated as the amount of overall variability in the recording that is accounted for by the typical 24-hour profile, and reflects stability of the mean 24-h profile day-to-day. Results Inter-daily stability (IS) was associated with Net PIPR 20 (Β = 0.561; p = .031) and Net PIPR 30 (Β = 0.551; p = .034; all Β’s are standardized), but not Net PIPR 6 (Β = 0.298; p = .304). Retinal irradiance was calculated for each participant based on age and pupil diameter, to account for age-related differences in transmission of the stimulus to the retina. All raw Net PIPR values were adjusted for calculated retinal irradiance, and gender and time since wake were included as covariates. Conclusion Inter-daily stability (IS) values indicate greater stability of 24-hour activity profiles across days. If reduced responsivity to entraining pulses of light is associated with day-to-day instability in activity rhythms, as shown here, we might expect that amplifying entraining light through environmental changes or bright light therapy would normalize inter-daily stability in SAD, or the reverse, stabilizing activity profiles across days could improve depression and/or normalize retinal ipRGC responsivity. Support NIMH K.A.R. MH103303

1098 Altered Actigraphic Behavioral Activity Rhythm In Depression

Abstract Introduction Disturbances in sleep and behavioral activity rhythms (BAR) are frequently observed in individuals with depression. However, it remains unclear how activity variability across the 24-hour period is specifically associated with this disorder. The present study aimed to examine actigraphy-measured sleep and BAR in depression. Methods As part of a larger study, fourteen patients with DSM-5 major depressive episode (27.8±7.7 years, 69.2% female) and 13 healthy controls (21.8±1.2 years, 76.5% female) were evaluated with 7-14 days of wrist-actigraphy. Actigraphy-derived sleep parameters included total sleep time (TST), sleep onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO), and sleep efficiency (SE). Minute-by-minute activity counts were aggregated into hour-by-hour bins; hourly mean activity levels were then generated to depict 24-hour activity patterns (i.e., BAR). Factorial (GroupxTime) mixed models were conducted to examine whether BAR differed between patients with MDD and controls. Generalized Additive Models (GAM), by fitting smoothed nonlinear curves to log-transformed aggregated activity, were performed as exploratory analyses to characterize onset (UP slope) and offset (DOWN slope) of BAR. Results Compared to healthy controls, patients with MDD exhibited greater actigraphic TST (p=.026); no other between-group differences were detected for the remaining sleep parameters. Significant between-group differences were observed for mean activity during wakefulness (p<.001). Mixed models assessing hour-by-hour daily activity revealed a significant GroupxTime interaction (p=.001) with significant main effects of group (p=.017) and time (p<.001); patients with MDD had lower activity from 6 to 9 pm (ps<.005). Exploratory GAMs results showed an attenuated DOWN slope in patients with MDD (p=.014), indicating a slower decrease in activity during the evening. Conclusion Altered BAR, characterized by an overall dampened activity pattern that was most prominent during the evening, was associated with depression. Furthermore, patients with MDD took longer to wind down in the evening. Future studies are needed to explore the potential benefits of adjunctive interventions addressing both BAR along with sleep in mitigating symptoms of depression. Support Research supported by National Institutes of Health R01 MH102392.

The Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Nutritional Habits and Physical Activity Levels

Introduction: In recent years, the use of nutritional supplements (NS) has increased significantly. The aim of this study was to investigate of the differences between using or not NS in the individuals going to the fitness center. Method: The research was conducted on 299 individuals doing sports in private centers. Survey data was collected from the participants who were divided into two groups according to NS usage. Within the scope of the survey, descriptive information of the participants, nutritional habits, nutrient consumption frequencies, 24-hour retrospective food consumption record, nutritional supplements and physical activity conditions of individuals were questioned and anthropometric (height, weight and body mass index (BMI) measurements were recorded. Results: 74 (24.7%) of the participants were using NS, whereas 225 (75.3%) were not using it. Among NS users, 30 (40.5%) of the participants were using protein powder, 17 (23%) were amino acid, 17 (23%) were creatine and 10 (13.5%) were L-carnitine. The sport age, body weight, height and BMI of the individuals using NS were significantly higher than those who were not using NS (p <0.05). According to our study, NS users were consuming meat, meat products and eggs significantly more frequently and sugar and prepared foods less frequently than non-users (p <0.05). Conclusion: In our study, it was observed that individuals going to the fitness center changed their lifestyle. It was observed that they used oral nutritional supplements as well as obtaining healthy nutritional habits. Before using NS, it is neccesary to change the nutritional habits and complete the essential needs for our body. Giriş: Son yıllarda, spor yapan bireylerin besin destek ürünleri (BDÜ) kullanımı önemli bir artış göstermektedir. Bu çalışmamızın amacı, spor salonuna giden bireylerde BDÜ kullanan ve kullanmayanlar arasındaki farklılıkların incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Araştırma, özel merkezlerde spor yapan 299 kişi üzerinde yapılmıştır. Katılımcılar, BDÜ kullananlar ve kullanmayanlar olmak üzere 2 gruba ayrılmıştır. Veriler bir anket ile kaydedilmiştir. Anket kapsamında bireylerin tanımlayıcı bilgileri, beslenme alışkanlıkları, besin tüketim sıklıkları, 24 saatlik geriye dönük besin tüketimi kaydı, kullanılan besin destek ürünleri ve fiziksel aktivite durumları sorgulanmış ve bireylerin antropometrik (boy, kilo ve beden kitle indeksi (BKİ)) ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların, 74’ü (%24,7) BDÜ kullanmakta, 225’i (%75,3) kullanmamaktadır. BDÜ kullanan katılımcılardan 30’u (%40,5) protein tozu, 17’si (%23) aminoasit, 17’si (%23) kreatin ve 10’u (%13,5) L-karnitin kullanmaktadır. BDÜ kullanan bireylerin spor yaşları, vücut ağırlıkları, boyları ve BKİ’leri kullanmayanlara göre anlamlı bir şekilde yüksekti (p<0,05). BDÜ kullananların, kullanmayanlara göre et ve et ürünleri ile yumurtayı anlamlı bir şekilde daha sık, şeker ve hazır gıdaları ise daha az sıklıkta tükettikleri tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, spor salonuna giden bireylerin yaşam şekillerini değiştirdikleri gözlenmiştir. Beslenme alışkanlığının yanı sıra beslenme destek ürünü kullandıkları görülmüştür. BDÜ kullanımı öncesinde beslenme alışkanlıklarının değiştirilmesi ve vücudumuz için gerekli ihtiyaçları tamamlamamız gerekir.

The effect of processed Tempeh gembus to high sensitivity c-reactive protein (hsCRP) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in women with obesity

Obesity causes chronic inflammatory reaction is characterized by elevated levels of high sensitivity c-reactive protein (hscrp). Hscrp and hdl could be used as an early marker of cardiovascular disease risk. Tempeh gembus contain fiber, unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, which can reduce the inflammatory reaction. This study determines the effect of processed Tempeh gembus on hsCRP and HDL in obese women. This study included in experimental studies with randomized post-test only control group design involving 40 obese women aged 20 – 50 years. Subjects were randomized into two groups: a control group was given a standard diet low in calories 30 calories/kg body weight, and the treatment group was given a standard diet low in calories 30 calories/kg body weight and Tempeh gembus for 28 days. hsCRP and HDL levels were measured before and after the intervention, food intake was measured by using a 3 x 24-hour recall and physical activity (IPAQ form). HsCRP levels were measured using the ELISA method, whereas HDL levels were measured using the CHOD-PAP method. Wilcoxon test (hsCRP levels) and paired t-test (HDL levels) used to test differeces before and after intervention each group. Mann Whitney test (hsCRP levels) and independent sample test (HDL levels) used to test differeces before and after intervention between groups. There are differences in hsCRP levels before and after the intervention in the control group (p = 0.00) and the treatment group (p = 0.00). There are differences in HDL levels before and after the intervention in the control group (p = 0.00) and the treatment group (p = 0.00). There are differences in the decrease hsCRP levels between the two groups (p = 0.00). There are differences in the increase in HDL levels between the two groups (p = 0.03). Tempeh gembus 150 grams/day can decrease hsCRP levels and increase HDL levels in women with obesity.

P.211 Sociodemographic, lifestyle and mental health determinants of 24-hour motor activity patterns

P.211 Sociodemographic, lifestyle and mental health determinants of 24-hour motor activity patterns

Romatoid Artritli Kadın Hastalarda Beslenme Durumunun Değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı; romatoid artritli (RA) kadın hastaların beslenme durumunun saptanması ve fonksiyonel durum ile kas gücü arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesidir.
 Bireyler ve Yöntem: Çalışma Romatoloji Polikliniği’ne kontrol amaçlı gelen, en az bir sene önce RA tanısı konmuş ve 10 mg’dan az metilprednizolon kullanımı olan 35-64 yaş arası kadın bireyler üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden hastaların beslenme durumu ve beslenme alışkanlıkları değerlendirilmiştir. Antropometrik ölçümler alınmış, bir günü hafta sonuna gelecek şekilde birbirini izleyen 3 günde bireysel besin tüketimi kaydedilmiş ve 24 saatlik fiziksel aktivite kayıtları sorgulanmıştır. Rutinde biyokimyasal parametrelere hasta dosyalarından ulaşılmıştır.
 Bulgular: Hastaların ortalama 10.8±7.88 yıl önce tanı aldığı, 9.9±7.65 yıldır tedavi gördüğü saptanmıştır. Beden kütle indeksine (BKİ) göre hastaların % 9.9’u normal vücut ağırlığına sahipken, %46.5’i hafif şişman, %36.6’sı birinci derece obez, %7’si ise ikinci derece obezdir. Hastaların %88.7’sinin bel çevresi değeri ≥88 cm; %74.6’sının bel/kalça oranı 0.85’in üzerindedir. Bireylerin diyetle antioksidan alımlarına göre; C vitamini ile hemoglobin ve albümin seviyeleri, β-karoten ile karaciğer fonksiyon testleri, toplam kolesterol ve Serum-Reaktif Protein (CRP) arasında pozitif ilişki saptanmıştır (p˂0.05). Çoklu doymamış yağ asidi alımı ve alkalen fosfataz (ALP) değerleri arasında ise negatif ilişki bulunduğu gözlenmiştir (p˂0.05). Hastaların diyetle günlük ortalama enerji, karbonhidrat, potasyum, kalsiyum ve demir alımlarının gereksinmenin altında olduğu saptanmıştır.
 Sonuç: RA’in tedavisinde, semptomların azaltılması ve yaşam kalitesinin arttırılmasında hastaların tanı sonrasında diyetisyene yönlendirilerek beslenmeye ilişkin bilgi düzeyleri arttırılmalıdır. Yine bu hastalarda değerlendirme yapılırken BKİ’nin yanı sıra vücut yağ yüzdesi ve kas gücü gibi yöntemlerin de kullanılması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Twenty four-hour activity cycle in older adults using wrist-worn accelerometers: The seniors-ENRICA-2 study.

This study aimed: (a) to provide a detailed description of sleep, sedentary behavior (SED), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) over the complete 24-hours period using raw acceleration data in older adults; and (b) to examine the differences in the 24-hours activity cycle by sex, age, education, and body mass index (BMI). Population-based cohort comprising 3273 community-dwelling individuals (1739 women), aged 71.8±4.5years, participating in the Seniors-ENRICA-2 study. Participants wore a wrist-worn ActiGraph GT9X accelerometer for 7 consecutive days, and the raw signal was processed using the R-package GGIR. Participants reached 21.5mg as mean acceleration over the whole day; 32.3% (7.7h/d) of time was classified as sleep, 53.2% (12.7h/d) as SED, 10.4% (148.6min/d) as LPA, and 4.1% (59.0min/d) as MVPA. No marked differences were found in sleep-related variables between socio-demographic and BMI groups. However, women showed higher LPA but lower SED and MVPA than men. Moreover, SED increased whereas LPA and MVPA decreased with age. Participants with obesity (BMI≥30kg/m2 ) accumulated more SED and less LPA and MVPA than those without obesity. As expected, adherence to physical activity recommendations varied widely (9.2%-76.6%) depending on the criterion of MVPA accumulation. Objective assessment of the 24-hour activity cycle provides extensive characterization of daily activities distribution in older adults and may inform health-promotion interventions in this population. Women, the oldest old, and those with obesity offer relevant targets of strategies to improve lifestyle patterns.

Vitamin D, muscle strength and physical function in UK South Asian older women

AbstractA positive association has been reported between vitamin D status, muscle strength and physical function in older Caucasian women. However, little is known about this relationship in UK South Asian older women. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the association between vitamin D status, muscle strength and physical function in UK South Asian (Pakistani and Indian) older women.One hundred and twenty community-dwelling women were recruited via visiting community centres, mosques, Indian temples (Gurdwara) and by word of mouth (between January to May 2018). Inclusion criteria were: community-dwelling, South Asian women, age 60 years and above, able to communicate effectively and able to give written or verbal consent. A general interview (demographic, anthropometric, self-reported exhaustion, health history, supplementation use/duration/dose), handgrip strength (kg), short physical performance battery (single chair stand, repeated chair stands, balance, timed up-and-go test), and blood 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D, nmol/l) concentration were performed. Dietary intake and self-reported physical activity was also assessed using multiple-pass 24-hour diet recall method and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form respectively.Overall, 47% of participants had insufficient blood 25(OH)D concentration (< 50nmol/L) and 53% had sufficient blood 25(OH)D (≥ 50nmol/L) using the IOM classification. As expected 86% of current vitamin D supplement users had adequate vitamin D status and only 14% of women who reported current vitamin D supplement use had insufficient vitamin D status. Amongst supplement non-users 68% had insufficient vitamin D status and only 32% had adequate levels. An inverse correlation (Spearman's analysis) was found between vitamin D status and single chair stand test (sec) (r = -0.25, p = 0.006); repeated chair stand test (sec) (r = -0.29, p = 0.002) and timed up-and-go test (sec) (r = -0.20, p = 0.02). No correlation was observed between vitamin D status and handgrip strength (r = 0.09, p = 0.30).The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency is high in post-menopausal South Asian women not taking vitamin D supplements. Significant association was observed between vitamin D status and some aspects of muscle strength and physical function. We are now conducting a randomized control trial to investigate whether vitamin D supplementation may restore muscle strength and function in this population.

Dementia risk is higher with actigraphy derived poor sleep but not 24-hour activity rhythm disturbance

Dementia risk is higher with actigraphy derived poor sleep but not 24-hour activity rhythm disturbance

INTEREST GROUP SESSION—SLEEP, CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS AND AGING INTEREST GROUP: SLEEP, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND BRAIN AGING

As the US population ages, the prevalence of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and related dementias is expected to increase, making dementia prevention efforts a major public health priority. Impaired sleep and circadian rhythms, along with other lifestyle factors, have emerged as important modifiable disease risk factors—recent studies demonstrate the importance of sleep in preventing the development of key biomarkers for AD/dementia pathology. In this symposium, we will highlight findings on the associations of sleep, circadian rhythm disruptions, and daytime activity patterns on development of cognitive decline and dementia, exploring not only the mechanisms driving these associations, but the potential impact of sleep and lifestyle interventions in promoting healthy brain aging. The symposium consists of four presentations which use data from large national cohort studies. First, we will present analyses on patterns of 24-hour (circadian) activity rhythms (e.g., usual time of day for peak activity, regularity of circadian patterns) and incident dementia risk. The second presentation will present findings pertaining to understanding the link between sleep disturbance and inflammation (a substantial contributor to cognitive aging). The third will examine whether detailed daytime activity patterns associate with imaging-based brain volumes, independent of sleep disturbance. The final presentation will explore whether initiation of sleep disorder treatments may have the potential to change trajectories of cognitive performance as individuals age. Overall, the symposium will highlight the importance of sleep and activity patterns to brain health and stimulate discussion about improving sleep and circadian disruption as a target for dementia prevention efforts.

Maternal night-eating pattern and glucose tolerance during pregnancy: study protocol for a longitudinal study

IntroductionCoordinating eating schedules with day–night cycles has been shown to improve glucose regulation in adults, but its association with gestational glycaemia is less clear. A better understanding on how eating...