8th Grade Students Research Articles

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF STEAM EDUCATION IMPLEMENTATION IN MIDDLE SCHOOL

This article examines the psychological and pedagogical foundations of STEAM education in middle school. It provides a rationale for STEAM technology and its alignment with the state educational standards of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The impact of integrated learning on the psychological development of schoolchildren is described. The article presents the results of a formative experiment developed based on STEAM technology and conducted with 6th-grade students as part of a dissertation study.

Association of Weight Status with Geographic Region, Residential Status and Sex of 8th Grade School Children: The Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Montenegro

The aim of the research was to determine the association between weight status with residential status, geographic region, and sex in younger adolescent age group in Montenegro. The sample was stratified based on gender, settlement type, and geographic region in Montenegro. Anthropometric characteristics were assessed using a battery of three variables: body height (BH), body weight (BW), and body mass index (BMI). BMI was categorized based on the World Health Organisation‘s (WHO) cut-offs to underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese individuals. The sample comprised 534 early adolescents, specifically 8th grade students, including 283 boys (average age 13.52±0.42 years) and 251 girls (average age 13.51±0.40 years) from primary schools throughout Montenegro. Based on the Chi-square test, an association between weight status and geographic region was found among boys and in the overall sample of children, with the highest prevalence of obesity in the northern region. There is also a significant association between weight status and residential status of adolescents, with obesity being more prevalent among rural children compared to urban children. Additionally, an association between sex and weight status was established, with obesity being more prevalent in boys compared to girls. Therefore, these findings highlight the need for targeted intervention and the promotion of healthy lifestyles among children, taking these demographic factors into account.

Efektivitas Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem-Based Learning dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam Siswa SMAN 10 Batanghari

This study evaluates the effectiveness of implementing the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) method in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teaching for 10th-grade students at SMAN 10 Batanghari. The primary goal of this research is to enhance students' understanding, engagement, and collaboration skills through a more interactive and contextual approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and document analysis, and analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. The results indicate that the application of the PBL method positively impacts students' understanding of PAI material, particularly on the topic "Avoiding Free Association to Protect Human Dignity and Honor." Furthermore, this method also increases student engagement and motivation, as well as strengthens their collaboration and communication skills. However, the study also identifies several challenges, including students' difficulties in time management and independent information-seeking, as well as limited access to technology and resources. These findings suggest that to maximize the effectiveness of PBL, additional teacher training and adequate resource provision are required. This research makes a significant contribution to the development of more effective and relevant PAI teaching strategies that meet current students' needs.

The Effect of Engineering Design-Based Science Instruction on 6th-Grade Students’ Astronomy Understandings

Astronomy education is essential for STEM education in primary schools, and integrating engineering design-based science education enhances student engagement and achievement in the field of space science. Integrating engineering design into science education is essential for students to excel in astronomy and to meet the requirements of contemporary society. This study investigated the effect of engineering design-based instruction (EDBI) on the understanding of astronomy concepts among sixth-grade students. The study included a cohort of 37 sixth-grade students from a public school. It was carried out using a one-group pre-test, post-test experimental design. All participants received EDBI that was based on the objectives of the 6th grade “Solar System and Eclipses” unit. Statistical analyses were employed to ascertain the effect of astronomy instruction based on engineering design on students’ comprehension of astronomy concepts. The results indicated a significant difference in the average scores of students’ understanding of astronomical concepts before and after being taught using EDBI.

The Effect of Sample Weighting on Hierarchical Linear Modeling in the Large-Scale Assessment Data

This study examines how the different uses of sampling weights in the analysis of TIMSS 2019 data affect the ratio of variance in student achievement explained by schools and the estimation of standard errors. The research sample comprises 227,345 8th grade students from 7,636 schools in 39 countries. Mathematics achievement and science achievement are considered separately as dependent variables in all 39 countries. All plausible values are included in the analysis. Four weighting scenarios are examined: no weighting, weighting at only level 1, weighting at only level 2, and weighting at both levels. In total, 312 models are established and examined. According to the research results, the coefficients, standard errors, reliabilities, and χ^2 estimations change depending on how the weighting variable is handled in the models, and as a result, the ratio of variance in the dependent variable arising from the differences between schools also changes. The ratio attributable to between-school differences can reach up to 20% in some countries. Therefore, researchers modeling hierarchical data using HLM are suggested to plan how they handle the weighting variable prior to conducting the study.

Effect of Cyberbullying and Sexting on Adolescents in Jordan; Exploratory Research

Objective: Bullying of school-aged children is not new and has been well-established as a common and serious problem in society. The aim of the current study is to explore the nature of cyberbullying in a sample of Jordanian adolescents. Method: The study used the quantitative approach and opted for the Delphi Technique, an online survey of adolescents, and an interview-based research approach following with the reviewing of the responses in order to identify the trends and nature of cyberbullying in a sample of Jordanian adolescents. The population sample consists of adolescents from two private schools in Jordan in the Middle East. The combined Adolescents sample of both schools totals approximately 6,000 students. Results: The results of this study reveal that significant numbers of adolescents are sending or receiving sexually explicit photos. The results also suggested that prevalence rates are high in four main categories of cyberbullying. Also, there is a difference in gender and educational level as females are subjected to more incidences of cyberbullying, and 4th grades students have a more significant value of cyberbullying involvement. Conclusion: It is essential to activate the role of the media and education systems in training youths about the risks of cyberbullying to improve adolescent feelings about the value of treating others well and engaging in objective cultural dialogue with them, as well as the strategies for avoiding it.

Impact of Basic Life Support Training on Knowledge and Performance Among Rural Intermediate Students: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Basic Life Support (BLS) training on the knowledge and performance of intermediate students from a rural area. Methodology: A quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest, and follow-up phases was conducted at a private sector high school. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to select participants, consisting of 11th and 12th-grade students with low to moderate levels of BLS knowledge, as assessed by a structured questionnaire. The BLS training, lasting three hours, included a PowerPoint presentation and hands-on practice. Data were collected from 80 participants at three stages: pre-test, post-test, and a follow-up test three months after the intervention. Participant performance was evaluated using the American Heart Association checklist. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, with Friedman’s ANOVA applied for inferential statistics. Results: Initially, 95% of participants had a low level of BLS knowledge, with a median score of 3. Post-intervention, knowledge significantly improved, with a median score of 6.5 and 37.5% of participants achieving a high level of knowledge, while 30% reached a moderate level (p-value <0.0001). However, knowledge retention declined after three months, with a median score of 4.0 (p-value <0.0001). Previous knowledge of CPR was significantly associated with improved post-intervention knowledge scores (p-value = 0.03). Conclusion: The BLS training significantly enhanced participants' knowledge and performance. Nonetheless, there was a notable decline in knowledge retention over time.

The Influence of Student Engagement and Teacher Interpersonal Communication on School Well-Being of Students

The objectives of this study were to: 1) Investigate the effects of student engagement and teacher interpersonal communication on school well-being, 2) Analyze the specific impact of teacher interpersonal communication on school well-being, and 3) Evaluate the combined influence of both student engagement and teacher interpersonal communication on school well-being. The study focused on all 12th-grade students at SMK Negeri 4 Palembang, selecting a sample of 87 students from three classes: Class XII Machining, Class XII Computer Network Engineering, and Class XII Modeling and Building Information Design. A probability sampling technique, specifically simple random sampling, was employed. Data collection involved three scales: the School Well-being Scale, the Student Engagement Scale, and the Teacher Interpersonal Communication Scale. The collected data was then analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS 26.0. The results revealed that: 1) Both student engagement and teacher interpersonal communication have a significant influence on school well-being at SMK Negeri 4 Palembang, with an F-value of 28.118, exceeding the F-table value of 3.104, and an R-value of 0.633. 2) Student engagement shows a positive and highly significant impact on school well-being, with a t-value of 7.497, surpassing the t-table value of 1.708 (t-count > t-table). 3) Teacher interpersonal communication also has a positive and significant effect on school well-being, with a t-value of 5.258, higher than the t-table value of 1.708 (t-count > t-table).

The Attitudes of 8th Grade Students Towards the Republic of Turkey Revolution History and Kemalism Course

This study is quantitative research that aims to examine the attitudes of 8th graders towards the T.R. History of Revolution and Kemalism Course. The study population consists of 6.650 students studying in the 8th grades of Samsun province central district secondary schools in the 2022-2023 academic year, while the sample consists of 1424 students. A stratified sampling method was used in sample selection, and simple random sampling was used to draw units from the sub-populations of the sample. A survey form, the first part of which includes demographic information of the participants and the second part of which provides for the T.R. History of Revolution and Kemalism Course Attitude Scale, was used as a data collection instrument. Descriptive statistics and hypothesis tests were used in data analysis. The range width of the scale was interpreted based on the formula "range width/number of groups.” Whether the scale scores showed significant differences between demographic groups was tested with hypothesis tests, an independent sample t-test was used to compare independent demographic variables with two groups, and a one-way ANOVA test was used for independent variables with more than two groups. The difference in test scores between these groups was interpreted using the post hoc test, Scheffe. As a result of the study, it was found that the attitude scores of the study sample towards the course were undecided. There were significant differences between participants' attitudes towards the course and the variables of gender, nationality, school type, parental educational status, place of residence, number of people in the household, and course achievement.

Learning Effects of Mechanical Ventilator/Tracheal Suctioning XR Simulators and Extracting Decision Making Criteria to Introduce a Novel Simulator

Researchers have developed Simmar+ESTE-SIM, a XR simulator that can train the multitask of “endotracheal suctioning for a patient with a mechanical-ventilator’’ as part of support for Technology-dependent children in the community. In this study, we conducted a questionnaire after using the simulator with the aim of extracting the learning effects of the simulator and judgment indicators when introducing a new simulator, based on feedback from 4th grade university students and the faculty members. As a result, both groups tended to score low on the question of whether the content was appropriate for learning in the third year, but the scores were generally high, at 3.0 or higher. The training task “endotracheal suctioning for a patient with mechanical respirator” was slightly early in 3rd grade students, and the appropriate timing was shown to be for 4th grade students. Principal component analysis extracts two principal components: “Balance between learning content difficulty and motivation (Achievability)” and “Balance between learning time, cost, and learning effect (Feasibility)”. These two factors were thought to be the promoting and inhibiting factors when introducing a simulator. The future challenge is to popularize the simulator education program which is both achievable and feasible to improve the quality of care for children with home-ventilators and their families.

Primary School 4th Grade Students’ Attitudes Toward Socioscientific Issues and Question Asking: Philosophy for Children

In this study, the effect of philosophy for children on primary school 4th-grade students’ attitudes toward socioscientific issues (SSIs) and asking questions will be examined. Aquasi-experimental design will be used in the study. In the study, 48 (experimental group [EG]: 24, control group [CG]: 24) primary school 4th-grade students studying in a primary school in the Derince district of Kocaeli province were included in the study with convenient case sampling. The data in the study were collected with the “Question Asking Attitude Scale” and “Children’s Attitudes Toward Socioscientific Issues Scale.” The post-test scores of the experimental and CG students’ attitudes toward SSIs and asking questions were analyzed by the Mann–Whitney U test and the change between the pre- and post-test scores of the students in the experimental and CG s was analyzed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. As a result of the analyzes, it was revealed that although both the philosophy for children intervention (EG) and the traditional reading intervention (CG) increased the primary school 4th-grade students’ attitudes toward SSIs and asking questions, it was not at a statistically significant level. However, students in the EG discussing SSIs through the philosophy for children application significantly increased their awareness of SSIs and asking questions compared to the students in the CG.

Interactive Learning Media: Bilingual Science Flipbook For Solar System

This study aims to develop interactive media flipbook bilingual solar system material, describe the feasibility and effectiveness of interactive media, and familiarize English vocabulary to students. The research method used is the research and development method with the ADDIE development model. The subjects of this research were 6th grade students of SD N Kandri 01 Semarang City conducted from April to May 2024. The methods used in this research are interview, observation, questionnaire, test, and documentation. The instruments used were interview guides, documentation, needs and response questionnaires, pretest and posttest questions, and validation sheets. Data analysis was done with a normality test, t-test, and n-gain test. The results of this study show that bilingual flipbook media is feasible to use with a percentage of feasibility from media validators 96%, material validators 91%, and language validators 95%. The result of the small-scale normality test is 0.068, and the large-scale 0.035 means that the data distribution is normal. The results of the small-scale n-gain test were 0.511, a large scale of 0.549, it included a moderate category. The conclusion of this study is that bilingual flipbook media is feasible and effective to use as a medium for learning science in class

Determining the effectiveness of basic first aid training provided to secondary school students

Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of first aid training provided to middle school students from diverse socio-demographic backgrounds, and to examine how these differences influence the outcomes of the training. Methods: The study was conducted in three middle schools located in the eastern part of Turkiye between April and July 2016. The population of the study consisted of 7th-grade students (n=391) attending these schools during the spring semester of the 2015-2016 academic year. All students were included in the sample without any selection, as participation was obtained through parental and student consent. Data were collected using the “Descriptive Information Form” and the “First Aid Education Knowledge Evaluation Form”. First aid knowledge levels were assessed before the training, after the training, and two weeks post-training. Results: The study found that the average first aid knowledge scores of students based on socioeconomic status were 58.61±6.26 for high, 60.86±5.86 for middle, and 56.44±6.26 for low socioeconomic status. Post-training, the average scores increased across all groups. These findings indicate that socioeconomic status affects first aid knowledge, but the training programs benefit all students and improve their knowledge levels. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that while socioeconomic status exerts a significant influence on first aid knowledge, the training programmes implemented have resulted in notable improvements in the knowledge levels of all students.

평면도형의 이동에서 모양과 방향의 변화에 대한 학생의 이해

This study analyzes how the shape and direction of figures are addressed in relation to transformations (translation, reflection, and rotation) in elementary school textbooks from the 7th curriculum to the 2015 revised curriculum, and investigates 5th-grade students' understanding of shape and direction through a test. The results revealed that students interpreted the meaning of shape inconsistently, varying their understanding based on the given context. In tasks requiring students to identify whether the shape or direction of a figure remained unchanged after reflection or rotation, their responses were influenced by the symmetry of each figure. Based on these results, this study discusses the issues inherent in the linguistic expressions and activities related to shape and direction in the textbooks. The conclusion suggests that, for 3rd and 4th graders, the focus should be on observing various combinations of translation, reflection, and rotation, and engaging in art-related activities or interesting problem-solving tasks. Activities that involve identifying whether shapes are the same should be more thoroughly addressed in the 5th and 6th grades, alongside the concept of congruence.

LEDY: An Android Application-Based Learning Media Development to Improve Students’ Writing Skill

Smartphones can play a pivotal role in enhancing the learning process. Additionally, the multimedia capabilities of smartphones, such as interactive videos and educational games, make the learning process more engaging and enjoyable. The problem by students encompassed a shortage of interactive learning materials, challenges in understanding English content, restricted chances for practical application, and a sense of monotony in the learning process. Therefore, this research aims to design an Android application-basedlearning media, especially on writing skills. This research is a Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model. The subject of this research is tenth-grade students at SMK Wikrama 1 Jepara, with data collected through questionnaires and a pretest-posttest procedure. The effectiveness of the Android application was assessed by using the N-Gain method in analyzing pretest and post-test data. The test outcomes demonstrated an 83.8%success rate, falling within the appropriate category. The pre-test and post-test scores exhibited improvement, with the N-Gain analysis revealing a value of 0.60, signifying enhancementin writing skills. It means that using LEDY an Android application-based learning media, contributes to an improved comprehension among 10th-grade students at SMK Wikrama 1 Jepara, particularly in the area of procedure text material.

Enhancing Students' Science Process Skills Through Design Worksheet-Based Inquiry Integrated PhET Simulation on Acid and Base Material

Integrating PhET on inquiry-based worksheets can foster a more interactive and hands-on learning environment that encourages active student participation throughout the educational process. The research aims to develop an integrated inquiry-based worksheet PhET simulation. This research type is RD, using the 4-D model, which designs learning activities to enhance science process skills. The validators totaled four people, including media experts, content experts, and two practitioners. The readability test uses ten for 9th-grade students. The research findings indicate that the worksheets created have a very high average validity, with an Aiken V value of 0.97. The readability test results were obtained with an average readability percentage of 96% in the very good category and without revision. The effectiveness of the worksheets developed to improve science process skills obtained an N-gain of 0.71 in the high category. This means that PhET simulation integrated inquiry-based worksheets are feasible, practical, and effective for science learning to improve science process skills

Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding Antibiotics usages among Medical Students at Zawia University

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious threat to global public health. It increases morbidity and mortality, and is associated with high economic costs due to its health care burden. Medical students are particularly important since they will be the future leaders in clinic practice, responsible for antibiotic prescription and communication about antibiotic use with their patients. In this study we aimed to understand knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) with respect to antibiotic use among medical students in faculty of medicine, Zawia University. This is a cross-sectional design; it was undertaken in Faculty of Medicine during October and November: 2023. The questionnaire was administered to students in (III 3rd and IV 4th grades). All data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Minitab program. Majority of the respondents were female with ages of 22 years. Higher percentage of 4th-grade students (95.5%) correctly accepting the need to stop antibiotic use compared to 3rd-grade students (27.9%, p < 0.001). On other hand with a higher percentage of 4th-grade students reporting using non-prescribed antibiotics rarely compared to 3rd-grade students (46.3% for 4th grade and 69.8% for 3rd grade, p = 0.003). this study exposed an important awareness concerning the separate between medical students’ knowledge about antimicrobial resistance, and appalling attitudes and practices towards antibiotics use. We need for the re-evaluation of the educational curricula especially, teaching of clinical pharmacology courses in clinical years.

Analisis Pola Fungsi Kalimat Tunggal Teks Berita Daring Kemdikbud Jelita Edisi Oktober 2023 sebagai Sumber Bacaan Siswa Kelas X SMA

With the existence of online news, students are considered to have easy access to information. Not only as a part of the material but also as learning resources for 10th-grade high school students. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the function patterns of simple sentences in the online news texts of Kemdikbud Jelita as a reading source for 10th-grade high school students. The approach used in this study is a descriptive approach, which involves analyzing the function patterns of simple sentences. A qualitative descriptive method was employed. The researcher used the note-taking and observation technique on Kemdikbud Jelita's online news texts to understand their content. The researcher also recorded the patterns of simple sentences found in the news texts using the distributional method. From the data analysis conducted, it was found that there were 50 simple sentences in the Kemdikbud Jelita news that had easily understood functional patterns for 10th-grade high school students as a reading source. The results of the analysis in this article can deepen the understanding of sentence function patterns and their appropriateness as a reading source for 10th-grade high school students. The sentence patterns and their usage can provide guidance for educators and material developers to improve the quality of reading sources.

Unidade temática de lutas e esportes de combate na educação física escolar do ensino fundamental no Norte do Brasil

The objective of this study was to analyze the understanding of school physical education (SPE) students and teachers about the causes and restrictions that imply the content of fights in 6th and 7th-year elementary school classes in public schools in Tucuruí-PA-Brazil. 40 6th and 7th-grade students from two public schools and two teachers participated in the research. A descriptive-cross-sectional study was carried out on the content of fights at school. The results showed that teachers teach fight content and preferably use playful activities; they believe that it should be included in early childhood education and that it does not generate violence. As for the students, although they participate in the classes, they do not seem to be attractive; many consider that the way the content is taught can generate violence. In conclusion, fighting content can positively influence student performance and learning when taught at EFE. However, the teacher must understand and face this content's difficulties and controversies to teach classes theoretically and practically with creativity because there are still gaps between what teachers do and what students expect from the content.

The Effect of Learning Cycle 5E Model on the Scientific Literacy of 10th Grade Students

This study aims to determine the effect of the Learning Cycle 5E model on the scientific literacy of tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 2 Labuapi in 2024. This research employs a quasi-experimental design with Pre-Test and Post-Test Non-Equivalent Control-Group. The study population comprises 92 students divided into four classes (XA, XB, XC, XD). Random sampling was used to select two classes as the sample, totaling 44 students, with class XC as the experimental group and class XB as the control group. The instrument used was essay-type questions. Data on students’ scientific literacy were collected from the Pre-Test and Post-Test results in both classes and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test at a 5% significance level with SPSS 16.0. The test results indicated a p value of <0.05 (0.024<0.05), suggesting that the Learning Cycle 5E model has a significant effect on students’ scientific literacy.