Steel 110G13L Research Articles

Structural changes in Hadfield steel under cold deformation

The influence of cold deformation on the structure of Hadfield (110G13L) steel is analyzed. The steel hardening is demonstrated to be caused by the formation of dislocation clusters and the generation of stacking faults and twins. It is found that regions with nanocrystalline structures with FCC and hexagonal close-packed lattices are created at large degrees of compression.

Effect of dendrite coarsening on the solidification of interdendritic liquid in iron alloys

The solidification of the interdendritic liquid in austenitic 110G13L steel and white cast iron is studied. In the absence of dendrite coarsening, the solidification mechanism of the interdendritic liquid in the manganese steel is shown to change and solidification occurs in the form of polycrystalline aggregates around dendrites from different centers. The relation between the standard solidification of the interdendritic liquid and the dendrite coarsening in iron alloys is grounded.

Fe-Mn-C alloys with anomalous volume of crystal lattice

The structure of intergranular interlayers in the 110G13L steel have been investigated. An increase in the lattice volume and occurrence of magnetization under dynamic load of samples quenched to austenite have been revealed.

Structural Factors of Elevation of Wear-Resistance of White Chromium Cast Iron

The use of white wear-resistant cast iron instead of steel 110G13L for the production of rapidly wearing parts of crushing and milling equipment increases their service life [1]. The choice of rational alloying of cast iron can be based on correct understanding of the qualitative proportion of excess phases, their morphology, and the nature of alloying of the metallic matrix, which should provide maximum wear resistance in abrasion. It is known that cast iron of the type of ICh250Kh16 alloyed with molybdenum has the highest wear resistance if the matrix has a structure of martensite with a certain amount of metastable retained austenite [2]. The presence of even a low amount of nonmartensitic products of the decomposition of austenite, i.e., pearlite or troostite, in the structure of the matrix decreases markedly the wear resistance of cast iron. There is an opinion that the contribution of retained austenite to the wear resistance is determined by its stability. The occurrence of the martensitic transformation in metastable austenite promotes an increase in the wear-resistance of cast iron. In the presence of stable retained austenite the initial hardness of cast iron decreases as well as its wear resistance [2]. The aim of the present work2 consisted in determining the role of the phase composition of the matrix and the stability of retained austenite in providing the wear resistance of sparingly alloyed wear-resistant chromium cast irons upon abrasive wear and developing optimum regimes for their heat treatment.

Effect of grain size on the properties of manganese austenite steel 110G13L

Castings of steel 110G13L produced by many plants have coarse austenite grains (from −1 to +1 points in accordance with GOST 5639-82) which are not regulated and not controlled. However, it has been shown that ladles of mining machines, drags in particular, have a diminished operating stability. The present paper is devoted to the effect of grain size on the mechanical properties, the intensity of strain hardening, and the abrasion strength under impact loading of manganese austenite steel 110G13L.

Influence of addition of Ti and V on the properties of 110G13L steel

1. To increase the strength, plasticity, toughness, and wear resistance of 110G13L steel alloying of it with 0.1% Ti and 0.25% V is proposed. 2. In 110G13L steel containing 0.12% P additions of titanium (0.1%) and vanadium (0.25%) provide a fine-grained structure and an increase in wear resistance.

Improvement of the weldability of high-manganese cast steel 110G13L

Improvement of the weldability of high-manganese cast steel 110G13L

Effect of aging and plastic strain on the mechanical properties of high manganese steel

1. Aging of high-manganese 110G13L steel at temperatures from 200 to 400°C permits to increase its ultimate strength without changing the yield stress, while plastic properties, and the semibrittleness temperature T50 slightly decrease. Aging at temperatures above 400°C leads to sharp reduction of σB, ψ, δ and T50. 2. After fractional loading of the 110G13L steel at temperatures of 20–250°C an increase of σ0.2 and σB is achieved; the plastic properties decrease in cold strain while in thermal strain they do not change. 3. The process of plastic strain of the 110G13L steel with subsequent aging causes an increase of strength properties without reducing plasticity. Apparently this takes place on account of the separation during aging of dispersed particles along the slip planes, produced by preliminary deformation.

Carbides in 110G13L steel

1. In the structure of 110G13L steel hardened immediately after solidification there are carbides characterized by the presence of phosphorous and an increased manganese content up to 30%. 2. In tempering of hardened (purely austenitic) 110G13L steel carbide colonies consisting of plates of cementite-tye carbide with an increased manganese content between which is located α-phase depleted of manganese are formed. In formation of these colonies diffusion of manganese by distances on the order of the interplate distances occurs. 3. As-cast 110G13L steel contains carbides of two types: 1) carbides formed as the result of segregation in solidification with solution of them in heat treatment difficult because of the necessity of diffusion of manganese and phosphorous by signifcant distances; 2) carbides formed in cooling of the casting at temperatures below 900°C (primarily at temperatures of 600°C and lower), which are easily soluble in heat treatment.

Flash welding of 110G13L steel (Hadfield steel)

Flash welding of 110G13L steel (Hadfield steel)

A surfacing alloy for hardening components of 110G13L steel and wear mechanism of the alloy

(1989). A surfacing alloy for hardening components of 110G13L steel and wear mechanism of the alloy. Welding International: Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 58-60.

Structure and properties of metastable manganese steels

1. The most effective rise in the wear resistance of manganese steels in abrasive wear is achieved by the reduction of stability of austenite as a result of the reduction of manganese content in the steel which leads to strain γ → α-transformation in the wear process. The wear resistance of such steel increases with increasing carbon content. 2. As a wear resistant replacement for the 110G13L steel we recommend the use of the medium-manganese steel 120G8L which has the same high complex of mechanical and technological properties as the 110G13L steel but is more heat resistant.

Ratio Mn:C and impact toughness of high manganese steel

1. The dependence of the impact toughness of high manganese steel on its carbon and manganese content makes it possible to evaluate the effect of their absolute and relative amounts which is decisive for obtaining the maximum level of impact toughness. with equal ratio Mn:C manganese affects impact toughness more than carbon. 2. It is not recommended to evaluate impact toughness only by the relative manganese and carbon content of steel. In establishing the effect of the ratio Mn:C the absolute manganese and carbon content has to be taken into account. Maximum impact toughness of steel 110G13L can be attained with the ratio Mn:C=16; however, then the carbon content within the limits of the brand composition has to be minimal, and the manganese content maximal. 3. High levels of impact toughness correspond to the formation of a pitted microrelief and surfaces of ductile lamination in the structure of the fracture. With decreasing level of impact toughness the size of the pits decreases. Minimum impact toughness is characterized by a microfracture with disperse pitted structure, the precipitation of a considerable amount of nonmetallic phase, and the existence of sections of intergranular and quasibrittle failure.

Abrasion resistance of 110G13L steel after heat treatment

Abrasion resistance of 110G13L steel after heat treatment

Effect of alloying on the fatigue resistance of steel 110G13L

1. Alloying high-manganese steel 110G13L with 0.75% Mo and 0.58% V promotes an increase in fatigue resistance (evaluated from the instant of crack development) and fatigue limit from 70 MPa for steel 110G13L to 105 MPa for steels 110G13ML and 110G13FL. 2. Kinetic fatigue failure diagrams have been plotted for steels 110G13L, 110G13ML, and 110G13FL. Steel 110G13ML has the greatest crack propagation resistance. 3. The structure of the test steels has a greater effect on the duration of the period before fatigue crack occurrence than on its propagation stage. 4. On adding 0.75% Mo to steel 110G13L there is precipitation of finely dispersed uniformly distributed molybdenum carbide in the structure and alloying of the solid solution, which leads to an increase in fatigue resistance for the steel both in the stage of fatigue crack initiation and in the propagation stage.

Diffusion zone between high-chromium cast iron and high-manganese steel during electric-slag facing

1. When 8% of Mn is introduced into a high-chromium cast iron of hypereutectic composition, the austenite becomes the predominant phase of the carbide eutectic; this contributes to increased strength properties of the alloys with an insignificant reduction in their wear resistance. 2. During the electric-slag facing of a high-chromium cast iron containing 8% of Mn on high-manganese steel 110G13L diffusion equalization of the manganese content occurs in the fusion zone. 3. Diffusion displacement of carbon, chromium, and mangnese from high-chromium cast iron into the high-manganese steel during electric-slag facing gives rise to a smooth change in the structure of the metal in the fusion zone, and to increased strength of the joint between the unlike materials investigated.

Determination of the heat-treatment cycle for 110G13L steel for increasing the abrasive wear resistance

Determination of the heat-treatment cycle for 110G13L steel for increasing the abrasive wear resistance

Phase composition and distribution of elements between phases for steel 110G13L after tempering

1. On heating quenched steel 110G13L to a temperature above 400°C there is precipitation of α-phase in austenite. 2. Alloying steel 110G13L with chromium in an amount up to 2% does not lead to a marked change in austenite decomposition during tempering. 3. During tempering of steel 110G13L there is redistribution of elements between structural components. The greatest amount of manganese and chromium is contained in carbides, and manganese is distributed in carbide phase uniformly, but chromium is distributed unevenly. Chromium content at the periphery of carbides is greater than at the center.

Properties of cast and deformed steel 110G13L

Properties of cast and deformed steel 110G13L

Phase transformation and hardening of unstable austenitic steels in plastic deformation and impact action

1. Cast steels with a structure of unstable austenite and containing 0.55–0.65% C, 4–5% Cr, and 9–13% Mn possess a higher capacity for hardening in through and surface plastic deformation in comparison with structurally stable 110G13L austenitic steel. 2. The high resistance of type 60Kh5G10L unstable austenitic steels under repeated contact-impact and impactabrasive action is provided by the formation of α-and ɛ-martensite in the surface layers of the metal. 3. Type 60Kh5G10L unstable austenitic steel is recommended for the production of replaceable cast parts of crushing and grinding equipment in place of 110G13L steel. The increased wear resistance of unstable steel under conditions of impact-abrasive wear is provided by the formation in the surface layers of protective linings of a hard layer with a structure of deformation martensite, which prevents spreading and abrasive wear of the casting surface.