Introducción: Las drogas incrementan la actividad cerebral, mejorando temporalmente la alerta y el rendimiento. Sin embargo, su consumo puede tener efectos negativos en la salud física y mental. Los entornos académicos pueden llevar a conductas de riesgo. Objetivo: Elaborar un constructo teórico sobre el discurso de los participantes del estudio con relación al consumo de drogas y su influencia en el rendimiento académico en la carrera de enfermería. Método: Se utilizó un enfoque mixto. El enfoque cuantitativo fue no experimental, transversal y descriptivo, con una muestra de 400 estudiantes seleccionados mediante muestreo estratificado. Se aplicaron dos instrumentos: la "Prueba de detección de consumo de alcohol, tabaco y sustancias" (ASSIST) y un cuestionario sobre psicoestimulantes. El segundo enfoque es cualitativo, fenomenológico y descriptivo; incluyó 7 entrevistas semiestructuradas, analizadas siguiendo la metodología de Demaziere y Duvar. Resultados: El 71,5% de los estudiantes son mayores de 20 años, con predominancia femenina (81,8%). La mayoría consume café y bebidas energizantes, reportando efectos secundarios como insomnio y ansiedad. Muchos creen que los psicoestimulantes mejoran su rendimiento académico, aunque el apoyo familiar varía. Conclusión: Los encuestados consumen diversas sustancias, con un enfoque principal en mejorar su rendimiento académico. Existe influencia de la familia mientras en este contexto.

This systematic analysis is conducted to evaluate advancements in managing extensive infantile hemangiomas (IH). The focus is on functional and aesthetic outcomes for infantile hemangiomas (IH) infants who undergo most recent treatments. IH benign vascular tumors affecting 4-10% of infants that can disrupt vital functions and present aesthetic concerns. Treatments like propranolol which is a beta-blocker have revolutionized care with 90% effectiveness but limitations persist, particularly in addressing residual scarring and tissue remodeling. Study employs a systematic review methodology under PRISMA guidelines while analyzing global IH data and therapeutic advancements and including beta-blockers, laser therapy and combination treatments. We suggest propranolol is a good option for its role in reducing IH size and severity and laser therapy enhancing results for complex cases. Combination therapies like propranolol with laser or topical agents improve efficacy while minimizing side effects and advanced techniques such as pulsed dye laser and Nd: YAG have been effective but are mostly used for residual scars. Despite improvements there are gaps remain in understanding long-term outcomes or recurrence rates and other gaps are concerning to patient satisfaction. We warrant integrated multidisciplinary approaches to improve care. Regional disparities in IH management are noted with limited access to timely diagnosis in low-income regions while future research should focus on personalized treatment strategies and safety and optimizing therapeutic combinations to enhance both functional and aesthetic outcomes. Regional disparities in IH management are noted, with limited access to timely diagnosis in low-income regions. Future research should focus on personalized treatment strategies, safety, and optimizing therapeutic combinations to enhance both functional and aesthetic outcomes.

Las infecciones virales del sistema nervioso central (SNC) resultan en frecuentes hospitalizaciones, ocasionadas tanto por los agentes patógenos como por la inflamación que producen. Los síntomas varían según la gravedad y el lugar del proceso inflamatorio, manifestándose con fiebre, alteraciones en el estado de conciencia que pueden ir desde confusión hasta coma, convulsiones que pueden ser focales o generalizadas, y signos neurológicos localizados. Las infecciones virales del SNC asociadas a los virus herpes simple 1 (HSV-1) y 2 (HSV-2) varían en su frecuencia e intensidad. Generalmente, el HSV-1 es responsable de la encefalitis por herpes simple (EHS), representando entre el 5% y el 15% de los casos de encefalitis infecciosa en infantes y adultos. El diagnóstico de encefalitis habitualmente involucra una punción lumbar, salvo que esté contraindicada; además, el electroencefalograma y las imágenes neurológicas son fundamentales. En pacientes con un estado mental alterado, es esencial asegurar las vías respiratorias, proveer soporte ventilatorio y corregir tanto los electrolitos como la presión intracraneal. El aciclovir se recomienda como tratamiento para la encefalitis por HSV. No se ha establecido evidencia concluyente sobre el uso de glucocorticoides en casos de encefalitis por HSV. Aun con los avances en diagnósticos moleculares y terapias antivirales, el pronóstico para la encefalitis herpética sigue siendo desfavorable. Este artículo detalla la epidemiología, fisiopatología, diagnóstico y la gestión actual de la encefalitis herpética.

La urolitiasis es una enfermedad caracterizada por la formación de piedras en el sistema urinario, considerada una de las patologías más antiguas y comunes. Con una prevalencia que abarca entre el 2% y 20% de la población mundial y una tasa de recurrencia del 30-50% en cinco años, tiene una etiología multifactorial influida por factores geográficos y raciales. Más del 80% de los casos se deben a cálculos de oxalato o fosfato de calcio. El tratamiento incluye opciones médicas o quirúrgicas como la litotricia por ondas de choque extracorpóreas (LEOC), ureteroscopia (URS), nefrolitotomía percutánea (NLPC) o cirugía abierta. Si bien los métodos endoscópicos y LEOC han revolucionado el manejo, sus altos costos, riesgo de lesión renal y falta de prevención de nuevos cálculos siguen siendo limitantes. Comprender mejor esta enfermedad resulta crucial para avanzar en su tratamiento. Esta revisión ofrece un panorama de su epidemiología, etiología, síntomas, diagnóstico y abordaje terapéutico.

Background: Aging comprises a gradual process of physical, biochemical and psychological deterioration, with alterations in balance, gait, increased risk of falls and the development of secondary diseases to this event. Considering the proposed context, the interest arises to research the Frenkel method and determine the effect on the balance of the elderly of the Association of Telecommunications Retirees of Guayas. A guide of therapeutic exercises to reduce the risk of falls in this population is designed. Methods: In this way, the present research is a descriptive observational type due to the characteristics of the population, based on a longitudinal study because measurements were carried out at two different times. That is, before and after the intervention. In addition to a quantitative approach for the analysis, data collection was used. The study was applied to 30 older adults, who met the inclusion criteria, as well as the exclusion criteria. Results: A considerable improvement of 4.9% in balance, 5.9% in gait and 40% low risk of falls was evidenced. Conclusions: Considering the findings and results of the study, it is concluded that the execution of the Frenkel Method improves balance and gait in older adults. It also reduces the risk of falls, thus avoiding future complications, promoting active and healthy aging.

Background: Musculoskeletal (MS) disorders in poultry workers range from mild ailments to severe pain and illness; caused by lack of flexibility. Pilates exercises have positive effects on physical condition. Objective: Apply a Pilates-based exercise program to improve muscle flexibility in poultry workers. Methods: A study was developed in 29 workers who met the inclusion criteria. The intensity of pain was assessed with the visual analog scale and the level of flexibility with the Flexitest, to determine the needs of the workers and design the program based on Pilates. The program was validated by expert judgment and applied for 12 weeks, pain intensity and flexibility level were reassessed. Results: They demonstrated significant clinical and statistical improvements in the entire population, decreasing the intensity of pain from moderate and severe to mild (p<0.005) and improving flexibility from levels 1 and 2, which are poor and medium, to level 3, which is good flexibility. (p<0.005) after the program. Conclusion: The Pilates-based exercise program improves muscle flexibility and decreases pain intensity in poultry workers.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment in older adults is gaining more strength as a social problem in recent years, since there has been no timely treatment, which gives way to older adults suffer significant changes in their normal development of activities of daily living. Objective: To implement an exercise program using the Perfetti Method that allows us to improve cognitive processes and therefore help the recovery of the development of activities of daily living of older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Methods: For this project, the Mini Mental teas were used to evaluate cognitive impairment, in addition to the Barthel index, to show the degree of affection in activities of daily living, which were carried out pre and post application of an exercise program based on the Perfetti Method for mild cognitive impairment in older adults. Results: After having analyzed the results, it was evidenced that, with cognitive stimulation, cognitive processes are improved in older adults, which, if a significant improvement is seen in the execution of activities of daily. Conclusions: The application of the exercise program based on the Perfetti method, if it has a positive effect, in the cognitive and physical processes of the elderly.living.

Ameloblastoma, a benign yet aggressive odontogenic tumour poses significant challenges in management due to its potential for recurrence and impact on oral functionality and aesthetics. Effective treatment necessitates a combination of surgical resection, bone reconstruction, and prosthetic rehabilitation. This review aims to evaluate contemporary surgical approaches and prosthetic rehabilitation strategies for managing ameloblastoma, focusing on functional and aesthetic outcomes to enhance patient recovery and quality of life. A narrative review was conducted using scholarly databases, incorporating articles published in English from 2013 to 2023. Studies were selected based on their focus on surgical approaches and prosthetic rehabilitation outcomes. A systematic framework categorized surgical techniques (radical, conservative) and prosthetic methods (fixed, removable, or implant-supported). Radical segmental resection with sufficient safety margins emerged as the preferred surgical approach to minimize recurrence. Immediate reconstruction using autogenous bone grafts, particularly vascularized fibula free-flaps, demonstrated high success rates and improved quality of life. Implant-supported prosthetics showed enhanced functional and aesthetic recovery, with immediate implants yielding better survival rates. Technological advancements such as CAD/CAM and 3D printing improved surgical precision and patient outcomes. Contemporary surgical and prosthetic advancements significantly enhance the management of ameloblastoma. Integrating innovative techniques with long-term follow-up ensures optimal functional and aesthetic results, contributing to improved patient satisfaction and recovery.

Background: Low back pain is considered a frequent musculoskeletal disorder, generating limitations to perform daily activities and states of disability. The objective is to establish the effectiveness of the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) technique in reducing lumbar pain of workers in dairy factories. Methods: a comparative study among longitudinal cohort groups was carried out. 25 participants were divided into two groups. PNF was applied to group A (n=13) and group B that was the control group (n=12). An initial evaluation was done and 12 weeks after the intervention a final evaluation was done. Pain intensity, the index of disability associated with back pain (BP) and quality of life were measured. Results: after 12 weeks of application of the protocol, the PNF technique significantly decreased pain intensity, improved functional disability associated with lumbar pain and quality of life with respect to health (p<0.005). For the control group there were no differences in the variables before and after the protocol was applied. Conclusions: The application of FNP in dairy factory workers is effective in reducing pain, disability associated with non-specific lumbar pain and improving the quality of life.