The arrival of the "covid-19 pandemic" from December 2019 directly or indirectly upset the productive system of the world economy in general, and of the Moroccan economy in particular. This chaotic situation involved, on the one hand, the total or partial stoppage of certain economic activities and, on the other hand, led to the conversion of certain economic activities in order to meet the new demands imposed by this situation of health crisis. . This article proposes to describe the organizational changes operated by a Moroccan industrial company which opted for a reconversion of its activity during the Covid 19 health crisis. Based on a case study, the article presents the various changes affecting all links in the production chain (reorganization of the production function and reorganization of work) and shows how the experience of a company can play a decisive role in transforming the risk incurred during this health and penury crisis into opportunity to guarantee its survival and sustainability.

The aim of this research is to explore the possibility of realizing a firm strategy to respond to the counterfeiting phenomenon that damages Made in Italy fashion products. Therefore, the first part of this research reconstructs the historical evolutionary dynamic of Made in Italy in the fashion sector in order to understand the reasons that lead emotional consumers to buy fake Made in Italy fashion products. In fact, emotions play a key role in emotive purchasing behaviour and they are often linked to the history of Made in Italy. The second part of the research deals with the unique characteristics of the emotional consumer in order to underline the market affected by counterfeiting. The final part of this paper discusses a new strategy proposal to combat counterfeiting. More specifically, this strategy proposes the launching in the market of an original brand with lower priced goods than the luxury brand, yet similar to the fake one, in order to stimulate the substitution effect with the fake product and strengthen the snob premium effect associated to the original name brand premium product.

The purpose of this work is to assess the impact of private education on the secondary school enrollment rate in Cameroon using the ARDL approach. The period selected for this study runs from 1998 to 2017. The short-term results reveal that private supply has a strong positive influence on the secondary school enrollment rate, its coefficient is positive (2.053895) and significant at the threshold of 5% (p = 0.0024). In the long term, we observe that the effects are similar to those obtained in the short term. All the variables positively and significantly influence the secondary school enrollment rate. This influence of private provision of long-term education is explained by the effects of memory and experience. It is clear that private education occupies an important place and contributes to improving the standard of living of the populations.

This study aims to know on the one hand, how the innovative enterprise can choose between internal and external Crowdsourcing, and in the other hand define the success factors of these two types of Crowdsourcing. The study revealed that external Crowdsourcing must be applied to product innovations, while internal Crowdsourcing must be associated with process innovations. Moreover, internal and external Crowdsourcing success is respectively related to some factors such as: the authorization of anonymous participation, the appropriate choice of the crowdsourcing platform, etc.

This paper aims to analyse whether the differences in trade performance between the countries of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) do not compromise their convergence. The empirical analysis is carried out using the GMM estimator and covers all eight WAEMU countries over the period 2011-2016. The results confirm the existence of conditional convergence with a slow speed of convergence. The results also show that a low volume of intra-WAEMU trade compromises their convergence.

The hospital world is characterized by a great complexity, indeed the hospital, whose main mission is the production of care, is a field of interaction between medical knowledge, caregivers and administrative management. In order to assimilate the evolution of hospital quality, a perspective of its history is required. The history of hospital quality is marked by two main phases, according to E. Minvielle (Minvielle, 1999) these two phases are called: the professional administrative phase and the organizational phase. Before going into more detail on quality history, we present definitions of hospital quality.

This research note as part Des travaux et des jours section, provides an overview of a number of reflections on the possibility of mobilizing the concept of illusion in social geography. This is an attractive theoretical formulation but this publication disqualifies it and means to show its impossible use in the discipline.

The higher education sector in Morocco remains a strategic and central sector in government policies. However, it has certain shortcomings, to overcome them, decision-makers and researchers have recommended e-learning as one of the solutions; and this for its many advantages. The Ministry of Higher Education, in collaboration with the different universities, has made several initiatives and projects aimed at the development of e-learning in Morocco. Among these projects, the Moodle of Abdelmalek Essaâdi University which presented, until June 2019, around fifty courses for a university of thirteen establishments. As a corollary, it is opportune to ask a radical question : Why do e-Learning projects succeed in some universities while others do not ? . This article presents an analysis of the state of play of e-learning at UAE and a descriptive analysis from the perspective of teachers before the COVID-19 crisis.

The objective of this research is to re-examine on one hand, the effect of natural resource exploitation on economic growth of African countries, and on the other hand, analyse the role of institutions of governance in transmitting these effects. By adopting a GMM technique in a dynamic panel, we show that over the period 2002 to 2018, natural resource rents have a positive influence on economic growth in African countries. This effect disappears when we control the econometric model with variables such as control of corruption indicator, political stability measure and quality of regulation. Hence, Governments and political leaders need to fight corruption through transparency in the management of rents from natural resources and it’s exploitation. In addition, there is a need to ensure political stability through greater transparency in electoral processes and respect of the will of citizens. Finally, for a better regulation, government should set up necessary policies for emergence and for a good functioning of the private sector.

This paper aims to explore the effect of socio-emotional wealth on the financial health of Moroccan unlisted family businesses. Building on the theory of socioemotional wealth, this research is a first attempt to provide a better understanding of this phenomenon by analyzing how the non-financial prerogatives of family members are likely to affect the financial health of Moroccan family businesses. To arrive at the results, we conducted this study through exploratory qualitative research using semi-structured interviews with 19 managers of Moroccan unlisted family businesses. The results obtained seem to confirm that the non-financial logic adopted by family members can deteriorate the financial situation of family firms, as they feel less concerned about liquidity, profitability, and solvency objectives and prefer to make decisions that minimize socioemotional losses at the expense of better financial health.