Leukemia, known for several centuries, is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow. It starts when the DNA of a single cell in the bone marrow mutates and develops abnormal growth, which spill into blood stream. Based on the types, leukemia is classified in several groups for diagnosis and treatment. With the discovery of whole genome sequences (WGS), scientists are attempting to find out accurate diagnosis and treatment. Primary Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples are feasible and can detect novel, clinically relevant mutations including the clonal heterogeneity of this disease and clonal evolution that occurs over time. Some of the novel mutations are highly recurrent (>20% of patients), but there appears to be a continuum of mutation frequency down to rare (<5%) or even singleton mutations that may be relevant for the biology of this disease. Large cohorts of well-annotated samples are needed to establish mutation frequencies, implicate biological pathways, and demonstrate genotype: phenotype correlations. Recent advances in genomic techniques have unraveled the molecular complexity of AML leukemogenesis, which in turn have led to refinement of risk stratification and personalized therapeutic strategies for patients with AML

The rise of cryptocurrencies has presented new challenges for regulators around the world, particularly in terms of enforcement across international borders. This abstract explores the jurisdictional challenges faced by authorities in enforcing cryptocurrency laws and proposes collaborative solutions to address these challenges. Cryptocurrencies operate on a decentralized network, making them difficult to regulate within traditional legal frameworks. Jurisdictional issues arise when a cryptocurrency transaction involves parties in different countries, as it is often unclear which jurisdiction's laws apply. This ambiguity can lead to regulatory gaps and enforcement challenges, allowing illicit activities such as money laundering and terrorism financing to flourish. To address these challenges, collaborative solutions are needed. International cooperation between regulators, law enforcement agencies, and industry stakeholders is essential to ensure effective enforcement of cryptocurrency laws. This cooperation can take various forms, including information sharing, joint investigations, and the development of common regulatory standards. One example of successful collaboration is the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), an intergovernmental organization that sets standards for combating money laundering and terrorism financing. The FATF's guidance on virtual assets and virtual asset service providers has helped to clarify regulatory expectations and promote consistency in enforcement efforts across jurisdictions. Another example is the Joint Chiefs of Global Tax Enforcement (J5), a coalition of tax authorities from five countries that work together to combat international tax evasion. The J5's focus on cryptocurrency-related tax crimes highlights the importance of cross-border cooperation in tackling cryptocurrency-related illicit activities. In conclusion, while jurisdictional challenges remain a significant hurdle in the enforcement of cryptocurrency laws, collaborative solutions offer a path forward. By working together, regulators, law enforcement agencies, and industry stakeholders can address these challenges and ensure that the benefits of cryptocurrencies are realized while mitigating their risks.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is now being reclassified into newly identified subtypes due to genetic abnormalities, Philadelphia chromosome‐like B‐lineage ALL is one of the new high‐risk subtypes characterized by genetic alterations that activate various signaling pathways, including those involving cytokine receptors, tyrosine kinases, and epigenetic modifiers. Philadelphia chromosome‐like ALL is essentially heterogeneous; however, deletion mutations in the IKZF1 gene encoding the transcription factor IKAROS underlie many cases as a key factor inducing aggressive phenotypes and poor treatment responses. WGS (whole genome sequencing) studies of ALL patients and ethnically matched controls also identified inherited genetic variations in lymphoid neoplasm‐related genes, which are likely to increase ALL susceptibility. On the contrary, Genome editing technologies offers new opportunities for tackling diseases, and genome-editing tools such as CRISPR-Cas9 are an important means of advancing functional studies of ALL through the incorporation, elimination, and modification of somatic mutations. These findings are directly relevant to clinical hematology, and further studies on this aspect could contribute to accurate diagnosis, effective monitoring of residual disease, and patient‐oriented therapies.

Writing action research has become central for effective and productive learning to happen. This research aimed to determine the perceived level of understanding in writing action research among the 124 public elementary teachers from the 14 schools in Clarin South District, Division of Misamis Occidental. Frequency Count and Percentage, Weighted Mean, Standard Deviation, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Mann-Whitney U Test were used to quantify data on the perceived level of understanding in writing action research and its significant differences when grouped according to profile. Results revealed that most of the teachers were female, 41 to 50 years old, had earned master’s degree units, and had been working as Teacher I for less than 10 years. The perceived level of understanding on writing action research among teachers of Clarin South District was generally very high (GWAM=3.37) and did not significantly differ when grouped according to their profile. Therefore, teachers were committed to ongoing professional development and had the skills and knowledge required to conduct action research. Thus, it is suggested encouragement and support for professional development, and implementation of action research training and support for collaborative research.

Breast cancer stands as one of the most prevalent forms of cancer. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning have become crucial in accurately identifying and managing various serious illnesses. This development has contributed to improved survival rates by enabling early detection and timely intervention. In our investigation, we conducted a thorough systematic review of the role of AI and machine learning in breast cancer screening. We examined articles from 2015 to 2023 across diverse databases, focusing on the intersection of breast cancer and AI. The integration of AI into existing screening procedures yields more convenient and efficient outcomes. Utilizing AI techniques in breast cancer screening offers numerous benefits, including heightened precision in results. However, the incorporation of AI presents several challenges that need systematic addressing.

Quinolones were the drugs of choice for the treatment of bacterial infections, especially, infections caused by Gram negative bacteria. Unfortunately, these drugs have been resisted by the microbial agents including Escherichia coli, known to be the leading cause of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) globally. This study therefore was aimed at detecting all the genes involved in Quinolone resistance by the E. coli pathogen isolated from Nigeria and from other geographical regions, using robust techniques. Twenty-three sequence data files of Escherichia coli from various countries of the world were retrieved from the National Centre for biotechnology Information (NCBI) database and sent for genome assembly for processing of the short reads into long reads. The outcome was config. fasta files which were comprehensively annotated and characterized for genetic functions and mechanisms. A total of 208 antibiotic resistance genes were detected, out of which 27(13.0%) were linked to quinolone resistance and 14(6.7%) to multi- drug resistance. The result of this study significantly implicated many genes in quinolone resistance; notably were the efflux pump genes and their high percentage abundance. We recommend in-depth study of the genes for their expression capabilities, also the structure and features of the efflux pump genes to enable proper redesigning of drugs by integrating anti efflux pump substances that will selectively prevent the expression of the genes for antibiotic resistance, without any harm to the host, or that can destabilize the positive regulation of the operon for antibiotic resistance.

The commissioning and start-up of subsea production systems represent critical phases in offshore oil and gas operations, where meticulous planning and execution are essential for success. This abstract presents an overview of the challenges encountered during these phases and proposes strategic solutions to address them effectively. Environmental factors such as deepwater operations and subsea geology pose significant challenges to commissioning and start-up activities. Technical challenges include ensuring equipment reliability and seamless integration of control systems in harsh underwater conditions. Operational challenges such as remote monitoring and intervention and personnel safety further compound the complexities of these operations. Strategic solutions to mitigate these challenges include advanced planning and simulation using digital twin technology and scenario planning. Enhanced risk management strategies, including contingency planning and early detection systems, are vital to anticipate and manage potential issues effectively. Collaborative partnerships between stakeholders, including suppliers and cross-disciplinary teams, foster innovation and enhance project resilience. Drawing from successful case studies and lessons learned, this abstract emphasizes the importance of proactive planning, risk mitigation, and collaborative approaches in ensuring the successful commissioning and start-up of subsea production systems. By implementing these strategic solutions, operators can enhance operational efficiency, minimize downtime, and improve safety outcomes, ultimately contributing to the long-term viability and sustainability of offshore energy production.

This study aims to evaluate and compare the performance of leading translation platforms (Youdao, Google, Baidu, and ChatGPT) for translating news texts. The evaluation focuses on three key dimensions: accuracy, fluency, and unambiguity. Each platform was tested by translating a Chinese news article, and their outputs were analyzed for their handling of specialized terminology, linguistic fluency, and cultural adaptability. The findings reveal significant performance differences, reflecting varying levels of technological maturity, data quality, and cultural adaptability among the platforms. ChatGPT emerged as the top performer due to its high accuracy and fluency, while Youdao, Baidu, and Google exhibited varying strengths and limitations in handling complex news texts. Ultimately, the results highlight the importance of continuous technological innovation and theory-practice integration in improving translation quality, particularly for accurate and effective global news dissemination.

The paper explores the pivotal role of language as a catalyst for fostering intercultural understanding within the framework of multilingual approaches in global citizenship education. In an increasingly interconnected world, language is a dynamic tool for bridging cultural divides and nurturing empathy, respect, and appreciation for diverse perspectives. Multilingualism, embraced within educational contexts, becomes instrumental in shaping informed global citizens equipped with the skills and mindset to navigate the complexities of our interconnected world. This paper delves into the theoretical underpinnings of multilingual education and its implications for global citizenship, emphasizing the transformative potential of linguistic diversity. By incorporating diverse linguistic and cultural perspectives into curricula, educators can cultivate a sense of curiosity and open-mindedness among students, facilitating meaningful intercultural dialogue and collaboration. Furthermore, the paper highlights the emerging trends in multilingual education, such as translanguaging pedagogy and content and language-integrated learning (CLIL), as practical approaches to promote language proficiency and intercultural competence. These strategies empower students to leverage their multilingual learning, communication, and problem-solving skills, fostering a deeper understanding of global issues and promoting social justice and sustainability. Through a synthesis of theoretical frameworks, empirical research, and practical insights, this paper seeks to contribute to the ongoing discourse on the role of language in promoting intercultural understanding and global citizenship. By recognizing language as a powerful tool for building bridges across cultures and fostering inclusive societies, educators and policymakers can work towards creating more equitable and interconnected communities where linguistic diversity is celebrated and valued. In addition to exploring the theoretical foundations and practical applications of multilingual approaches in global citizenship education, this study delves into the importance of policy frameworks and institutional support in fostering linguistic diversity within educational settings. Effective language-in-education policies that recognize and promote the linguistic rights of all learners are essential for creating inclusive learning environments where students feel valued and empowered to express themselves in their mother tongue. Furthermore, the paper discusses the need for professional development opportunities for educators to enhance their pedagogical practices and intercultural competence in multilingual settings.

This review paper delves into the transformative impact of big data and analytics on strategic marketing decision-making. Examining the integration of vast datasets and analytical tools in marketing strategies highlights how these technological advancements enable a deeper understanding of customer behavior, enhance product development, and provide a competitive edge. The review underscores the importance of data-driven insights in formulating personalized marketing strategies and the critical role of analytics in predictive and prescriptive decision-making. It addresses the challenges and ethical considerations associated with big data usage, emphasizing the need for robust data governance and ethical practices. The paper suggests future research directions, focusing on emerging technologies and methodologies that could further influence strategic marketing decisions.