Highlights Aerobic exercise combined with chitosan nanoparticle-encapsulated ginger regulated the miRNA-214 and SERCA2a in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Chitosan nanoparticle-encapsulated ginger enhanced the condition of myocardial infarction.

Fascin, an actin-binding protein, promotes cell motility and invasion in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancers by bundling actin filaments together. Few studies have been conducted on the inhibitory effect of cytochalasin H and its interactions with cytoskeleton proteins. Therefore, this article addresses the possibility that inhibiting fascin by cytochalasin H could substantially impact treatment approaches for gastric cancer.

Background: Obesity carries great risks related to health, such as the development and progression of chronic inflammation and obvious metabolic disorders. This study aimed to examine the effect of eight weeks of moderateintensity resistance training with garlic supplementation on the lipid profile in overweight women. The present research was a semi-experimental study and the participants were 60 overweight women from Gachsaran City with (body mass index: 28.45±6.72) who were randomly divided into four groups (n = 15): supplemental exercise, placebo exercise, garlic supplemental, and placebo. Two training groups performed moderate-intensity resistance training for eight weeks and three sessions per week. One day before the start of training and 48 hours after the last training session, blood samples were collected to measure total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), LDL-C, and HDL-C variables. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and LSD post-hoc test. Results: Findings showed that there is a significant decrease in the serum levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C and a significant increase in HDL-C (P-Value < 0.001) serum levels in three groups of supplemental exercise, placebo exercise, and garlic supplemental compared to the placebo group. Moderate-intensity resistance training with and without consuming garlic improves overweight women's lipid profile, and when exercise is accompanied by consuming garlic, the amount of these changes and improving the lipid profile is greater.

Background: Oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world and the third most common cancer in developing countries. Early detection of oral cancer can reduce mortality in several ways. The aim of the present study was to combine the quantitative results of various studies concerning serum and salivary microRNAs for early diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guideline. We searched all the relevant english studies in international databases of PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, ProQuest, Embase, and Wiley until February 2022. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for each study. A total of 672 articles were found. After screening, 93 articles were approved for systematic review. Finally, five completely relevant articles were examined in the meta-analysis. Results: Considering all studies regarding miRNAs, the combined results indicated that AUC = 0.73, with a sensitivity of 71.68% and a specificity of 69.95%, could be used for HNSCC diagnosis. Due to the moderate sensitivity and specificity of miRNAs, they may be able to confirm or exclude suspected cases of this disease, enhancing their utility as clinical diagnostic indicators. The available data provide evidence that miRNAs, especially MiR-31 expression in the saliva, serum, or plasma, can be used as a diagnostic biomarker for HNSCC patients. However, controlled clinical trials with large sample sizes are needed to validate different miRNAs.

Currently, the optimal exercise protocol to improve non-alcoholic steatohepatitis is still under discussion despite the proven benefits of exercise in treating fatty liver disease. A new protocol of high-intensity intermittent exercise combining water and a treadmill has been presented. It has shown positive effects on the lipid metabolism mechanism in the liver of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients without caloric restriction.

Seifi F, Khajehlandi M. Effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training with quercetin supplementation on the gene expression of FOXO1 and ATG5 in the liver of diabetic obese rats.

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease associated with a partial or absolute deficiency of insulin, hyperlipidemia, and impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The present study aimed to compare the effects of different types of exercises on lipid profiles in menopausal women with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Fifty-six sedentary obese menopausal women with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into 4 groups: aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, combined exercise, and a control group. Each group, except the control group, participated in their respective exercises for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected from the subjects before and 48 hours after the training period. Data were analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired sample t tests, with a significance level set at P<0.05. All calculations were performed using SPSS v. 20. Triglyceride levels significantly decreased in the aerobic exercise (P = 0.017) and combined exercise (P = 0.0001) groups. Low-density lipoprotein levels significantly decreased in aerobic exercise (P = 0.034), resistance exercise (P = 0.003), and combined exercise groups (P = 0.009). Cholesterol levels significantly decreased in the aerobic exercise (P = 0.0001), resistance exercise (P = 0.030), and combined exercise (P = 0.01) groups. Additionally, highdensity lipoprotein levels significantly increased in the aerobic exercise (P = 0.041) and combined exercise (P = 0.002) groups. It appears that combined exercises, rather than resistance or endurance exercises alone, are a more appropriate intervention for improving lipid profiles in menopausal women with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Metabolic syndrome, a problem of the present age, is a combination of several medical issues, and miRNAs play important regulatory roles in metabolic syndrome. Many studies indicate that high-intensity interval training (HITT) may improve risk factors for metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of HIIT training on the changes in miR-21, miR-122, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), lipid profile, and glucose. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, middle-aged male (n=19) volunteers with metabolic syndrome (body mass index (BMI)>30) were randomly assigned to the control (n=9) and training (n=10) groups. The training program consisted of 8 weeks of HIIT training with 4 sets of workouts with an intensity of 80-90% heart rate for the training group (3 sessions per week during the first 4 weeks and 4 sessions per week during the second 4 weeks). Blood samples were collected from the subjects 48 hours before and after the last training session to analyze miR-21, miR-122, ALT, AST, HDL, LDL, triglyceride, cholesterol, and glucose. The within-group and between-group differences of data were analyzed using the paired t-tests and analysis of covariance at a significance level of P˂0.05 in SPSS software. Results: This study indicated that HIIT caused a significant decrease in miR-122, ALT, AST, triglyceride, cholesterol, glucose, body weight indicators, fat percentage, and BMI (P˂0.05). Also, a significant increase in miR-21 and HDL levels was observed following HIIT training (P˂0.05). HIIT training seems essential in metabolic changes, such as reducing the lipid profile, decreasing glucose, and improving liver damage by affecting miR-21 and miR-122 indicators as small regulatory transcripts. However, more extensive studies are needed in this field.