Computer-assisted surgical planning methods help to reduce the risks and costs in transpedicular fixation surgeries. However, most methods do not consider the speed and versatility of the planning as factors that improve its overall performance. In this work, we propose a method able to generate surgical plans in minimal time, within the required safety margins and accounting for the surgeon's personal preferences. The proposed planning module takes as input a CT image of the patient, initial-guess insertion trajectories provided by the surgeon and a reduced set of parameters, delivering optimal screw sizes and trajectories in a very reduced time frame. The planning results were validated with quantitative metrics and feedback from surgeons. The whole planning pipeline can be executed at an estimated time of less than 1min per vertebra. The surgeons remarked that the proposed trajectories remained in the safe area of the vertebra, and a Gertzbein-Robbins ranking of A or B was obtained for 95 % of them. The planning algorithm is safe and fast enough to perform in both pre-operative and intra-operative scenarios. Future steps will include the improvement of the preprocessing efficiency, as well as consideration of the spine's biomechanics and intervertebral rod constraints to improve the performance of the optimisation algorithm.

Humans mainly use the land for agriculture and housing, resulting in the loss of natural habitat and a decrease in the number of species, including wild bees. The reduction of wild bees generates several negative consequences for the agricultural and ecosystem contexts, although sometimes the farming reduces the probability of abandonment of the land. In parallel, urban beekeeping has emerged and consolidated as one of the current trends, while the consumption of honey from urban environments is also growing. Current scientific literature establishes different physical, chemical, and biological parameters which evaluate the quality of honey products and its environment. The review carried out here collects the various compounds contained in this source-dependent food matrix from anthropogenic activities in the sampling area. Using gas and liquid chromatography and spectrometry, the main physicochemical parameters have been detected, 27 chemical elements, of which 6 are heavy elements, 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and pesticides (organochlorine pesticides and neonicotinoids). Additionally, their total phenolic and microbiological content has been typified. This analysis can help to frame the main characteristics to evaluate this universal product, whose consumption began with the first settlers of the world, and its properties have been evolving as well as the characteristics of the production systems.

This article describes an updated step-by-step protocol for transmucosal abutment selection and treatment sequencing after immediate implant placement in the esthetic zone. Current surgical and prosthetic concepts strive to preserve hard and soft-tissues to provide optimal esthetics at the implant-abutment interface. Consequently, restoring implants in the esthetic zone with transmucosal abutments presents a great challenge and must take into consideration implant depth, angulation, and bucco-lingual position as well as transmucosal height and space for an optimized emergence profile of the restoration and the dimensions of the anterior tooth to be restored. The proper selection of the type, shape, and dimensions of implant components and connections, determined by the product portfolio offered by the implant manufacturer, play a critical role in the ability to adequately address these challenges. This article provides an update on surgical and prosthetic workflows for single implant restorations in the esthetic zone. Following esthetic, mechanical, and biologic principles, the long-term success of implant-supported restorations in the esthetic zone is directly correlated to proper execution and sequencing of surgical and prosthetic treatment steps, especially after immediate implant placement. These steps must be critically assessed based on the current scientific evidence to achieve the desired clinical outcomes on a predictable and consistent basis. Selection of surgical and prosthetic treatment protocols to achieve ideal esthetic outcomes and emergence profiles in implant dentistry is often a great challenge, not only determined by technical and clinical skills of the provider but also by the type and dimensions of implant components and connections offered by the manufacturer. Following certain decision-making principles and workflows are key for clinical success with implant-supported restorations after immediate implant placement the esthetic zone.

In recent years there has been a significant increase in the use of 3D technology in orthopaedic surgery. Consequently, innovative techniques in the use of 3D printed guides for different types of surgical interventions have been developed. However, the design and 3D printing of osteosynthesis implants customized to the patient's pathology is scarcer. This work presents the technical note and application in a clinical case on the design of a customised cutting guide as well as custom-made titanium osteosynthesis plate. Osteosynthesis cutting guides and plate were designed for a patient with functional ankle limitation and bone deformity due to a previous surgery in which he underwent intramedullary nailing. For this purpose, a virtual surgery was performed in which all the osteosynthesis material customized for the patient was designed. Subsequently, the 3D printing was performed, obtaining the cutting guides and the osteosynthesis plate that adapted and fixed precisely to the anatomy of the patient's bone. Currently, the patient is pain free and the bone deformity has been corrected. Custom designed and 3D printed cutting guides are a reliable method for bone deformity correction surgery, which can be complemented with a personalized osteosynthesis plate in clinical cases that require it.

Mechanical unbalance is an important source of vibrations that can cause malfunctions in rotodynamic machinery. In industrial applications, unbalance is a critical issue for mass production machines. Previous studies for detecting and monitoring unbalance are based on balancing machines, trial weights, and intrusive actuators, while other studies rely on signal processing techniques, finite element analysis and physical modeling. These methodologies have some critical drawbacks, especially when non-intrusive monitoring is required, such as having to trial weights or determine constructive parameters such as mass and stiffness. The proposed approach is based on detecting and monitoring the unbalance condition in rotatory machines using data extracted from vibration sensors and a rotation sensor fitted to the system supports. The methodology comprises two main steps: identifying the appropriate speed range for unbalance monitoring and the modal parameters of the rotor, and determining and continuously monitoring the unbalance condition. Signal processing and system identification techniques are used to estimate unbalance in the rotatory machine. Experimental results for two rotodynamic systems demonstrate satisfactory performance in identifying and monitoring different unbalance conditions.

In 1955 Charles and Ray Eames gathered more than three hundred photographs of their Case Study House #8 in the Pacific Palisades to produce the experimental film House: After Five Years of Living. The film is a visual exploration in which craft and found objects contrast with the mass-produced industrial structure of their house, but also a constant tension between the frantic acceleration of its images and moments of slow pace.Proceeding from a close reading of House: After Five Years of Living, this article analyses its film and editing technique to proposes how domesticity becomes a screen. This means, an ideological surface promoting the cultural, social, and economic changes of the Cold War period, while simultaneously screening out (obscuring) its anxieties, preoccupations, and fears in its mode of visual representation. In the film, the Case study House #8 exposes and covers, promotes and disguises, veiling some preoccupations and motivations while exhibiting an alternative reality.

Measurement of external load in players provides objective information to optimise the weekly balance between training and recovery to improve performance and prevent injuries. Our aim was to evaluate the incidence of sports-related muscle injuries of the lower limb in relation to external load, measured by global positioning system (GPS), in football players. A descriptive study was carried out. Data were collected from 71 professional male football players (30 professionals and 41 youth players) from an elite football club competing in the Spanish and European League in the 2017-2018 season. As external load variables, we measured High Metabolic Load Distance (HMLD), High Speed Running (HSR), Player Load (PL), and Total Distance (TD) through GPS. Injury rate (IR) was calculated both in relation to such GPS load metrics and to load exposure time. We considered categories (youth and professional), playing positions (centre back, full back, midfielder, and forward), and training day with respect to match-day (-4MD, -3MD, -2MD, -1MD, MD, +1MD, +2MD). The GPS load metrics HMLD, HSR, PL, and TD showed very similar patterns across categories and positions, but varied according to training session or MD. The highest loads were observed on MD and three days prior to the match (-3MD). Similarly, the overall IR, both calculated per load exposure time and per GPS load metrics, was highest on MD and -3MD. Again, no differences were observed between youth and professional players. Midfielders demonstrated the highest IR in all metrics, followed by the forwards. In conclusion, this study suggests that external load and incidence of muscle injuries are directly proportional. Therefore, the measurement of more external load variables other than load exposure time, such as the GPS metrics HMLD, HSR, PL, and TD may help to describe the pattern and magnitude of injuries. Future studies based on ours may help to further improve the understanding of the incidence of muscle injuries on the basis of external loads measurements in different football teams.

Because of the skeletal complexity of the problem, hyperdivergent retrognathic patients are among the most difficult for orthodontists to treat. We present a 24-year-old woman with temporomandibular disorder and malocclusion in all three planes of space. After eliminating her temporomandibular joint symptoms with a splint, her Class II malocclusion and open bite increased. The patient refused orthognathic surgery, so we treated her malocclusion with microscrews and osseointegrated implants in different sites and used different devices supported by microscrews. The microscrews placed in the maxillary tuberosity were decisive in the success of our treatment by allowing simultaneous distalization and intrusion of posterior teeth.

The long recovery time required after deep venous thrombosis (DVT), or other serious manifestations of venous thromboembolic disease, can lead to a reduction in sporting condition and economic losses. Neither are such events always free of clinical sequelae. This study examines the prevalence of DVT in male, professional soccer players in Spain. A questionnaire on DVT events experienced by players in the ongoing 2015-16 season, and the previous 10 seasons, was sent to the medical services of all first and second division clubs in Spain. The genetic predisposition of those who suffered an event was investigated using the inCode thrombus test, as well as in 73 players who experienced no such event. Four subjects were diagnosed with DVT via clinical history and ultrasound or D-dimer determination. This associated prevalence (1.2/1000) is higher than reported (1/10,000) for this age group in the general population (18-35 years). All four affected players carried a risk allele (A1) at the ABO locus, three were homozygous for the risk allele of FactorXIII, and one was heterozygous for a risk allele of FactorXII. Among the 73 players who experienced no DVT, 3 high risk genetic variants associated with thromboembolic events were detected in 7 players (9.6%), either in the SERPINA_A10, FactorV, FactorXII, or FactorXIII genes. DVT prevalence in professional soccer players is higher than expected for the same age segment, and highlights how genetic predisposition towards thromboembolic processes and sport-associated environmental risk factors work in tandem in the DVT appearance.

Much attention has been given to supervised feature subset selection methodologies in data streams. However, less attention has been given to data streams produced by sensors in industrial environments, where labels are difficult to obtain. Feature subset selection is critical in online analysis since it can accelerate and improve the performance of any model inference and reduce data storage issues especially when no cloud is available. In this work we propose an online feature subset selection methodology based on hidden Markov models (HMM) for unsupervised data streams of ball-bearings in order to determine which fundamental and harmonic frequencies are relevant during operation. A validation of the proposed methodology is done with synthetic data and ball-bearing real data in a controlled data stream ambient.