The growing energy crisis highlights the need to explore alternative renewable energy sources for efficient energy harvesting. One such method involves utilizing the Vortex-Induced Vibrations (VIV) phenomenon in order to generate hydrokinetic energy from ocean currents. The vibrations produced by VIV convert hydrokinetic energy into electrical energy. This study aims to investigate the effects of different cylinder arrangements on vibration amplitude and power conversion efficiency in a VIV energy converter model. Simulations were conducted with a mass ratio of 1.68 and a Reynolds number of 82,000, focusing on multiple cylinders in different configurations. Results indicate that the in-line configuration achieved the highest average power-to-volume density at 115.57 W/m³. This analysis provides valuable insights for optimizing VIV-based energy harvesting devices, enhancing their efficiency in extracting usable energy.

Nanofluid is a type of fluid that contains nanometre-sized particles, which known as nanoparticles. When nanofluid is mixed with dust particles that contain millimetre-sized or micrometre-sized particles, it turns into dusty nanofluid. The presence of impurities in the nanofluid affects the fluid flow, which reduces the efficiency, pressure and the temperature differential. This paper considers the flow and heat transfer characteristics of dusty nanofluid over a moving plate in the presence of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) with constant surface temperature. Three types of nanoparticles namely copper oxide (CuO), aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and titanium oxide (TiO2) are considered. The governing partial differential equations are converted into a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations using similarity transformation, then the non-linear ordinary differential equations are solved using bvp4c program in MATLAB software. The effect of non-dimensional governing parameters such as velocity ratio parameter, magnetic field parameter, volume fraction of the nanoparticle, volume fraction of the dust particle, mass concentration of the dust particle, fluid particle interaction parameter for velocity and fluid particle interaction parameter for temperature for fluid and dust phases of CuO-water, Al2O3-water TiO2-water dusty nanofluids are discussed and presented through graphs. The skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are discussed and presented in tabular form. The numerical results are compared with previous existing results for validation. It is found that nanoparticles act as good thermal conductivity as well as show significant effect on velocity of fluid and dust phase.

The interplay between electromagnetic forces and non-Newtonian fluid dynamics presents a complex and intriguing field of study, with significant implications for both theoretical physics and practical applications. This study examines the key characteristics of Casson hybrid nanofluid flow over a stretching surface under the influence of electromagnetic forces. The boundary layer flow is mathematically modelled and a similarity transformation technique is employed to derive the governing equations. A nanofluid is formulated by dispersing zinc oxide (Zno) and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) into a sodium alginate base fluid. The impact of various fluid flow parameters on momentum, energy and nanoparticle concentration profiles is analysed. Findings indicate that the application of an electric field enhances momentum and thermal boundary layer thickness, while the Casson parameter suppresses momentum distribution.

This study considers the modelling of boundary-layer flow of a viscous incompressible fluid due to a stretching sheet or over a wedge. The effect of thermal radiation, temperature-dependent fluid properties such as fluid viscosity and thermal conductivity and an external magnetic field are analysed. The mathematical modelling of the two distinct physical scenarios is unified using a suitable velocity ratio parameter. The posed governing equations are converted to ordinary differential equations using an appropriate generalized similarity transformation. These equations are solved over a semi-infinite domain and analysed using the wavelet-based numerical method. The effect of some vital fluid parameters, such as the Magnetic parameter (M^2), Variable thermal conductivity parameter (δ), Variable viscosity parameter (θ_r), generalized Prandtl number (Pr_v) and Radiation parameter (R) on fluid velocity and temperature profiles are studied. It is found that an increase in the radiation parameter decreases the velocity and temperature profiles. The magnetic parameter is found to retard fluid flow. Error and convergence analysis of obtained solutions using wavelets is performed. The advantages of the wavelet-based numerical method for solving nonlinear coupled equations are also discussed. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the knowledge of researchers working in this field.

This paper gives a numerical study of bioconvective heat and mass transport in three-dimensional Williamson nanofluids injected with gyrotactic bacteria with an impact of activation energy, heat absorption. Our work uses an integrated computational method to clarify the complex interplay between convective heat and mass transport, Williamson fluid behaviour and the dynamics of gyrotactic microorganisms. Through simulations and analysis, we investigated the complex interaction of these physical events, providing insights into the dynamics of nanofluids harbouring gyrotactic microorganisms. Through the graphs for physical parameters ᴦ_1,ᴦ_2,ᴦ_3,H,Nb,Nt,Pr,R,M,K,Lb,Pe,Le,λ and α within the range the momentum boundary layer, thermal boundary layer, Concentration boundarylayer, with density of motile microorganisms was studied with an impact of activation energy, thermal radiation and heat absorption. The governed partial differential equations are first transformed to system of ordinary differential equations by utilisation of similarity transformations with stream function. With the help of Bvp4c technique with MATLAB Software. All the physical parameters impacts are computationally studied through graphs and tabular for diverge values of the parameters and the other physical parameters like Nusselt number, Sherwood number, stretching ratio parameter and density rate of motile microorganisms’ transformations. Main outcomes of this considerations are the Peclet number (Pe), the bioconvective Lewis number(Lb), the motile Biot number Γ_3 and the motile of microorganism’s ration parameter omega all rise in proportion to the transmission of motile density rate. Additionally, the profile of motile bacteria decreases as Lb and Pe rise, but the density rate of microbe transmission increases Pe and growing Biot number Γ_3 of temperature and concentration causes related boundary layer profiles to rise.

The handling stability of heavy tractor semi-trailers under crosswind conditions is crucial for road safety due to their large side area and exposure to variable road conditions. Crosswinds can cause lateral forces and moments on the vehicle, affecting its stability and making it harder to control. In this present work, numerical simulation is performed to study the crosswind effects on the handling stability of a tractor semi-trailer. The aerodynamic characteristics of the tractor semi-trailer under different crosswinds were computed by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The study focused on the HINO 700 Series heavy truck model, using three different configurations: side skirt, cab side fairing and cab roof fairing. To completely investigate the vehicle's aerodynamic response, the crosswind conditions were systematically changed at yaw angles of 0°, 15° and 30°. The results indicate that for no crosswind conditions, trucks with cab side fairing have the best design. While for crosswind conditions, trucks with roof fairing have a better design. The aerodynamic characteristics are significantly influenced by various configurations and the angle of the crosswind. However, different truck configurations have a significant impact on truck stability, such as the drag force coefficient (Cd) and side force coefficients (Cs). It shows how a truck with an additional component will have a larger surface area and a higher side force coefficient in crosswind conditions. In terms of appearance, vortices formation on the front of the truck cabin and the leeward side of the truck body is more affected by rising crosswind angles. Therefore, it indicates that the various truck configurations and crosswind angles play a critical role in determining the safety of truck operations.

Unpredictable weather, especially during the rainy season, makes it difficult to dry clothes manually. The drying clothes can use sophisticated technology with automatic portable cabinets. An automatic portable clothes-drying cabinet system based on a fuzzy logic controller with PSO was developed to improve efficiency. Heat transfer analysis was performed using ANSYS CFD to determine the heat flow distribution and the optimal position of the DHT22 sensor. The results of the research are obtained as quantitative velocity streamline data. The results of the ANSYS CFD simulation showed that the placement of the DHT22 sensor was in the middle area of the left and right sides of the clothes dryer cabinet because this area has a blue flow distribution with a value of 0 m/s. This area was chosen as the sensor location for optimal reading. Meanwhile, the highest value, 1.037x102 or 100 m/s, is red in the upper and lower areas of the clothes dryer cabinet.

Electric vehicles (EV) are advancing rapidly, with increasing demand for enhanced technological support. One of the key challenges for EVs is ensuring adequate power storage, with a critical parameter being the battery pack's ability to support a high discharge rate. Achieving a high discharge rate requires proper cell design and efficient heat management within the battery pack. During discharge, heat generation becomes significant, necessitating an effective cooling system. Battery Thermal Management Systems (BTMS) are employed to regulate battery temperatures, ensuring optimal performance. Among various cooling methods, liquid-based BTMS demonstrates superior performance compared to phase-change materials (PCM) and air cooling. However, the weight of liquid coolers, due to the volume of coolant required, can add substantial weight to the battery, impacting overall vehicle efficiency. This paper investigates the potential use of mini channels integrated into cooling plates for BTMS applications. The study utilizes the finite element method (FEM) to simulate fluid flow processes in battery systems operating at various C-rates. The findings show that this novel BTMS effectively maintains battery temperatures below 40ºC, offering a promising solution to current cooling limitations.

This study explores the influence of overlap ratio on the performance of two- and three-bladed Savonius hydrokinetic turbines to identify the optimal configuration for enhanced efficiency. Utilizing computational fluid dynamics simulations in ANSYS Fluent, six distinct blade profiles were analysed under an inlet velocity of 0.5 m/s, considering cases with and without an overlap ratio. The simulations employed the unsteady sliding mesh technique for accurate flow dynamics assessment. Results demonstrated that a blade configuration with an overlap ratio of 0.15 exhibited superior performance compared to designs without an overlap ratio, achieving a maximum power coefficient of 0.2 at a tip speed ratio of 0.9. These findings underscore the critical role of geometric optimization, particularly overlap ratio, in enhancing the efficiency of Savonius turbines, thereby advancing their potential for reliable and effective hydrokinetic energy generation.

The present investigation reveals the flow patterns of magneto-hydro-dynamic convection inside a square cavity. The enclosure is presumed to be filled with conducting flows and four hot inner cylinders in a diamond array. The bottom and top are presumed to be isothermally cooled, whereas the left and right sided walls are adiabatic. Moreover, magnetic effects are supposed to exist within the flow region. A complete investigation is conducted to extract that how these heated obstacles influence the hydrothermal pattern. Appropriate similarity variables translate the dimensional equation into non-dimensional. Later on, a mesoscopic approach scheme is introduced to deal with those dimensionless flow equations. Comparison test and numerical validation are conducted to exhibit the competency of the current model. Several results are depicted to perceive the parametric impact on such cavity flow. These plots are made for different dimensionless factors such as Hartmann number.