Egg yolks derived from various avian species have been widely applied as cryoprotective additives in mammalian sperm preservation; however, their efficacy in fish sperm cryopreservation remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study evaluated the cryoprotective effects of quail ( Coturnix coturnix ), chicken ( Gallus gallus domesticus ), and turkey ( Meleagris gallopavo ) egg yolks incorporated at a 10% concentration into a Tris‐based extender for Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) sperm cryopreservation. In addition, the extender was supplemented with 10% concentrations of different permeating cryoprotectants (CPAs)—dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), methanol (MeOH), and glycerol—to assess their effects on post‐thaw sperm quality and fertilization capacity. The results indicated that a 10% concentration of DMSO, when combined with each egg yolk type separately, provided the most effective cryoprotective effect, significantly enhancing motility, motility duration, and viability ( p < 0.05) compared to MeOH and glycerol. The highest mean fertilization rates of 48.2% ± 1.5% and 52.6% ± 1.7% were achieved using the Tris‐based extender with 10% DMSO and 10% chicken egg yolk in 0.25‐mL and 0.50‐mL straws, respectively ( p < 0.05). According to the results of this study, the extender containing chicken egg yolk showed significantly better ( p < 0.05) post‐thaw quality parameters and fertility results for the Nile tilapia sperm compared to those of quail and turkey.

Barnacle aquaculture is a developing area of production that is currently limited by the reliance on capturing naturally produced larvae. The solution to this limitation would be the development of hatcheries for culturing barnacle larvae and juveniles (Juvs). The giant barnacle Austromegabalanus psittacus (Molina 1788) is an edible species and, thus, of economic importance in Chile. Extensive cultures and hatcheries on an experimental scale have been developed for this species. In this study, a dynamic model, based on data from previously published studies, was developed to evaluate the larval development of A. psittacus over a range of temperatures and salinities in order to identify the optimal culture conditions for obtaining Juvs. The larval development time, survival, physiological, and biochemical responses of A. psittacus larvae were evaluated. The conceptual model representing the dynamic hypothesis, and the simulations, were carried out using Vensim PLE and Stella Architect, respectively. The best production performance under hatchery conditions was obtained at 18°C/32 PSU. Under these conditions, the survival during the development of the nauplius (Nau) stages was 90%, and the development time was 7.5 days. The recently molted cyprids (Cyps) had an accumulated energy of 24.42 J/mg dry weight (dw). At the Cyp stage, the development time was 6 days and the survival was 54%, while the energy of the Juv was 12.02 J/mg dw. Increasing the initial energy of Nau I (NI) resulted in higher survival and energy in the Cyp and Juv stages. These simulations demonstrate the usefulness of these dynamic models in designing and evaluating hatchery protocols that optimize the performance of A. psittacus larvae and may allow scaling to mass cultivation.

Global aquaculture expansion necessitates sustainable technologies like biofloc technology (BFT), and the type of carbon source exerts a crucial impact on the functionality of biofloc systems. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of single carbon sources (glucose [G] and maltodextrin [M]) and their 1:1 mixture (GM) on water quality, microbial communities, growth performance, and physiological status of redclaw crayfish ( Cherax quadricarinatus ) in BFT systems, with a clear‐water group (F) as the control. A 70‐day experiment was conducted in triplicate tanks per treatment, with key parameters (water quality indices, microbial diversity via 16S rRNA sequencing, growth metrics, and hepatopancreatic antioxidant enzyme activities) measured. Data were analyzed using one‐way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test ( p < 0.05). Key findings showed that the GM group exhibited significantly higher microbial alpha diversity (Shannon index and Simpson index; p < 0.05 vs. all groups) and stronger functional redundancy, enriched with synergistic taxa such as Dechloromonas and Chryseolinea . Compared to the F group, all BFT groups significantly improved production yield (GM: 135.72 g vs. F: 119.35 g; p < 0.05), survival rate (GM: 88.89% vs. F: 70.22%; p < 0.05), and feed conversion ratio (GM: 1.72 vs. F: 1.89; p < 0.05), with GM performing optimally among BFT groups. The GM group also maintained a balanced carbon‐to‐nitrogen ratio (C:N) and stable total suspended solids (TSS) dynamics, while crayfish in GM showed significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC) and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels ( p < 0.05). All biofloc systems demonstrated economic viability (benefit‐cost ratios (BCRs) > 1.40). This research provides a practical microbial‐based strategy for improving redclaw crayfish culture and crustacean aquaculture sustainability via optimized carbon source management in BFT.

Spirulina ( Arthrospira platensis ) is widely recognised in aquaculture as fish feed supplements for its exceptional nutritional value and bioactive compounds with immunostimulatory, antimicrobial and antioxidative properties. Despite its extensive use in aquafeeds, its effects on the growth, feed utilisation, survival and reproductive physiology of Etroplus suratensis as fish meal replacement in the fish diet remain inadequately studied. Fingerlings were stocked at 50 per in each replicate hapa and fed spirulina‐supplemented diets at SP0 (0%), SP25 (25%), SP50 (50%), and SP75 (75%) for 90 days. Fish fed the highest spirulina inclusion (SP75) exhibited a significantly greater final mean weight (42.41 ± 3.79 g) than the control group (25.60 ± 0.64 g) ( p < 0.05). Weight gain, percentage weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) increased significantly with higher spirulina levels, while feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) improved markedly. The condition factor showed no significant variation ( p > 0.05). Moisture and crude protein contents increased with spirulina inclusion, whereas lipid content decreased significantly. Ash content was slightly higher in SP25, and carbohydrate levels declined. Significant dose‐dependent variations were recorded in hepatosomatic, stomach, gonadosomatic, and visceral indices, as well as in fecundity and ova diameter. Histological analysis revealed advanced oocyte development and accelerated gonadal maturation in SP75‐fed fish. The study concludes that spirulina supplementation significantly enhances both somatic growth and reproductive performance in E. suratensis , demonstrating its potential as an effective alternative to fish meal and other plant‐based feed supplements in aquaculture diets. A 50%–75% inclusion level is recommended for broodstock diets to improve growth and reproduction. Further research should evaluate the long‐term reproductive success and economic feasibility of spirulina‐based diets in aquaculture.

This study investigated the effects of cadmium (Cd), microplastics (MPs), and pectin (Pec) supplementation on biochemical, oxidative, and immunological parameters in crayfish ( Astacus leptodactylus ). Four hundred fifty crayfish were acclimatized under controlled laboratory conditions and distributed into 15 experimental groups using a definitive screening design (DSD) approach. The groups were exposed to varying combinations of Cd (0, 20, and 40 µg/L), MP (0, 50, and 100 mg/L), and Pec‐supplemented diets (0%, 0.25%, and 0.5% per kg feed) for 45 days. The findings showed that Pec supplementation increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) peroxidase (GPx) activities but did not affect catalase (CAT) activity. Cd and MPs reduced SOD, CAT, and GPx activities, with Pec partially restoring CAT activity. Exposure to Cd and MPs elevated alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, triglycerides, cholesterol, creatinine, and glucose levels, while gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase, lysozyme, total protein, and albumin decreased. Pec normalized triglyceride and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity but showed limited protective effects on GPx, cholesterol, creatinine, and glucose regulation. The results indicated that because crayfish were directly exposed to MPs and Cd, oral administration of the Pec supplement failed to restore some biochemical parameters to normal levels. These findings indicate Pec’s selective efficacy in mitigating Cd‐ and MP‐induced stress in crayfish.

With the development of the aquaculture industry, the issue of aquaculture wastewater has become increasingly severe, and wastewater treatment and resource utilization have become critical research directions. This study explores the effects of fermentation temperature on the fermentation aroma, nitrogen, and phosphorus nutrient levels, and their relationships with key microorganisms in aquaculture wastewater fermentation. Using sensory evaluations, water quality testing, and high‐throughput sequencing, the study analyzes the changes in water quality indicators, and the microbial community structure of aquaculture wastewater fermentation broths. The results indicated that fermentation temperature significantly impacts both the aroma and nitrogen/phosphorus nutrient levels in the fermentation broth. Moreover, the dominant microbial genera differ under different fermentation temperatures. At 15°C, the genus Debaryomyces was the most dominant, comprising 68.72%, while Sporolactobacillus dominated at 30°C (57.50%) and 40°C (61.82%). These findings reveal the impact of varying temperatures on the dominant microorganisms in aquaculture wastewater fermentation and provide a preliminary analysis of the correlations between dominant microorganisms, fermentation aroma, and nitrogen/phosphorus nutrient levels. This study offers valuable insights for improving aquaculture wastewater fermentation technology, and the screening of fermentation microorganisms.

The use of marine collagen for regenerative applications is rapidly expanding. Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) skin is an emerging byproduct of food industry and a valuable biomaterial known for its pro‐regenerative properties. Enhancing its intrinsic composition through nutritional strategies could further improve its clinical potential. This study investigates the impact of a hydrolyzed collagen‐enriched diet on the skin properties of aquaponically farmed Tilapia, with the aim of enhancing collagen content while preserving tissue homeostasis. The results showed a modulation of key amino acids and fatty acids, suggesting a favorable shift toward anti‐inflammatory and pro‐regenerative properties. A measurable increase in skin thickness and hydration was registered, as well as an ECM remodeling. No detrimental effects on mineral content or mechanical integrity were observed. These findings demonstrate that dietary supplementation with collagen can be an effective, non‐invasive, approach to improving the biomedical quality of fish‐derived skin products.

Crustacean shells are composed of chitin, which is bound to protein and minerals, along with other essential nutrients. These components are necessary for growth, immune response, the formation of reproductive structures, and the enhancement of sperm quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of prawn shell meal diets on hemocyte count, hemolymph clotting, and sperm quality of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium caementarius . The prawns were distributed into three dietary treatments, consisting of a basal diet (control) and two experimental diets supplemented with 20% raw prawn shell meal (RPSM) and 20% cooked prawn shell meal (CPSM). Hemocytes were counted, and the hemolymph clotting time was determined. Spermatozoa in spermatophores and the vas deferens were counted. Sperm quality was assessed by staining. The RPSM and CPSM diets did not lead to an increase in hemocytes, nor did they affect the clotting time of the hemolymph. However, with the RPSM diet, there was an increase in the number of normal spermatozoa in the entire vas deferens (from 3.65–8.11 × 10 5 spz/mL) and a lower proportion of dead and abnormal spermatozoa (<2 × 10 5 spz/mL). These findings suggest the potential of RPSM and CPSM diets to improve sperm quality in the freshwater prawn. Further research based on isoproteic and isolipidic diets should be performed to ascertain whether RPSM could increase reproductive performance in male individuals of the freshwater prawn.

Feed processing technology choice between extrusion and pelleting remains a critical decision in aquaculture nutrition. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of 40 comparisons from 23 studies to evaluate the growth performance effects of extruded versus pelleted feeds. While conventional random‐effects models indicated an overall benefit of extruded feeds (Hedges’ g = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.49–1.45), extreme heterogeneity ( I 2 > 99%), and a nonsignificant multilevel model accounting for study dependencies ( g = 0.53, p = 0.075) revealed context‐dependent effects. Meta‐regression identified species identity as the primary moderator, explaining 62.1% of heterogeneity. Nutritional composition was also significant: dietary lipid content improved growth, while higher ash content in extruded diets reduced efficacy. These findings demonstrate that feed processing outcomes are not technology‐inherent but are mediated by species‐specific biology and nutritional interactions. Optimal feed selection should, therefore, prioritize integrated consideration of species requirements and nutritional formulation over processing method alone.

Understanding species‐specific physiological flexibility in Indian major carps (IMCs) is crucial for enhancing thermal resilience, safeguarding health, and sustaining year‐round productivity in climate‐sensitive freshwater systems. This study examined the seasonal physiological adaptability of three Indian main carps ( Labeo rohita , Gibelion catla , and Cirrhinus cirrhosus ) by measuring growth performance, proximate composition, and hematological profiles in both overwintering and summer aquaculture environments. It was hypothesized that seasonal heat changes would cause species‐specific metabolic and immunological responses, indicating varying tolerance to environmental stress. All IMC species exhibited enhanced growth during the summer season, for example, G. catla exhibited the highest specific growth rate (SGR) of 1.26 ± 0.13%/day and average daily growth (ADG) of 2.56 ± 0.32 g than the other species. Moisture dominated the proximate composition, while protein and lipid contents declined in winter. Hematological analysis manifested seasonal and species‐specific physiological responses to environmental stressors. Increased concentrations of white blood cells (WBCs), monocytes, glucose, and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in fish blood denoted that higher temperature in summer attributes to increased metabolic activities and improved immune responses. Conversely, reduction in hematocrit (HCT) levels during winter in G. catla (32.53 ± 0.54%) and C. cirrhosus (33.14 ± 1.35%) suggests a physiological adaptation to lower oxygen availability, potentially reflecting a seasonal modulation of erythropoiesis and oxygen‐carrying capacity under cold‐induced hypoxic stress. Furthermore, the elevation in serum creatinine levels in all experimented IMCs during winter suggested potential changes in renal activity due to fish physiological adjustments in winter. The findings highlight the importance of better aeration, water exchange, and ammonia control in summer and careful stocking with minimal handling in winter to reduce stress in overwintering ponds.