This study aims to determine parenting patterns, family resilience with Congenital Rubella Syndrome, and the factors that influence family resilience. The method used is naturalistic with a case study approach. Research data was obtained by interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The data triangulation technique tested the validity of the data. The results of this study are: parents apply democratic parenting, parents can accept the child's condition, and the supporting factors are family and friends. Parents also seek information about their children's needs through seminars and others.

One of the main disorders in children with autism is repetitive behavior and limited interest. The purpose of this study was to describe 1) planning, 2) implementation and 3) evaluation of the implementation of the TEACCH approach on behavior and limited interests in children with autism. The research method uses a qualitative research design with a case study approach. Data were obtained through observation and documentation, open questionnaires and discussions with therapists and caregivers at the Autism Therapy Unit of Bhkati Luhur in Malang. Results: 1) Planning: there is training to find out the TEACCH approach, recurrent disorders in children with autism, the impact and handling of strategies, 2) the implementations are; Structuring the environment, assessment, making visual programs and schedules, regular and structured and collaborative intervention 3) Evaluation: Children with autism are more organized, more independent, increased in receptive communication, more focused, control emotions, and are confident. Some children with severe disabilities are still need some assistance.

Children with autism have disorders that distinguish them from typical children, but children with autism can also learn in school. The learning abilities consist of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor abilities. In cognitive abilities, there are various types of abilities, one of which is the ability to number sense. This study aims to analyze the number sense ability of children with autism in solving math problems. This research belongs to the type of qualitative research that uses a descriptive approach. From the research results, the number of sense abilities in autistic children is still low and different for each autistic child, depending on their communication and concentration skills. SA1 satisfies several indicators: it determines the size of the numbers, the meaning of numbers and symbols in the set, and estimates.

The Indonesian government issued the regulation on Distance Learning during the pandemic as stated in the Higher Education Law Number 12 of 2021 Article 31 concerning Distance Learning. This learning style is quite problematic, especially when applied to students with special needs. One type of student with special needs who have difficulty carrying out the online learning process is students with hearing impairments. As a result, some adjustments are required to accommodate those students during the distance learning process. One of those adjustments includes modifying the learning method, which is implemented with the maternal reflective method using the Short Story of Daily Living Card. This study aims at developing the Short Story of Daily Living Card as a medium to implement the Maternal Reflective Method (MRM) for students with hearing impairments during the pandemic. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The study is only limited to the design step. The results shows that educators had difficulties in providing speech learning for students with hearing impairment. As a result, Short Story of Daily Living Card can help teachers and parents in providing speech practice for students.

Special needs children often behave maladaptively. This has a negative impact on the child and the surrounding environment. The purpose of this study was to describe the results of the implementation of behavior modification techniques in overcoming the maladaptive behavior of special needs children. The literature review method uses the online database search stage through Mendeley, the inclusion and exclusion process for articles in 2019-2021 obtained a total of 146 national scientific articles and after being rechecked, there are 17 literatures that match the criteria, then a descriptive synthesis and analysis is carried out, and the results are presented. The results of the synthesis and analysis show that the application of behavior modification can overcome maladaptive behavior in the social, self-development, and academic aspects of special needs children. Conclusions from 17 articles describe that behavior modification techniques are effective for overcoming maladaptive behavior in autism, ADHD, intellectual disability and hearing impairment.

This study aims to analyze the use of android game to improve impaired hearing students vocabulary mastery at one of Special Schools in Padang City, Indonesia. This study used quantitative research method with Single Subject Research (SRR) approach, the research data was taken from one impaired hearing student through seventeen direct lessons using android game. All the data that the authors obtained were analyzed descriptively using visual graph analysis tools, this method of analysis is one of the techniques for analyzing Single Subject Research. The results of the study showed that the use of Android game as a learning media significantly improved the impaired hearing student vocabulary mastery. This increase in ability is proved by the initial test scores of the participants at a score of 10, 10, 20, 20, 20, this score is the score before learning by using android game. Furthermore, after the author did seven times direct treatment, it was found that the students’ scores increased to 40, 50, 70, 80, 70, 70, 70, even students were able to obtain final self-evaluation scores with a score of 50, 70, 100, 100, 100. The results of this study proved that the use of android gamehas succeeded in increasing the vocabulary mastery of impaired hearing students

Accreditation of the Undergraduate Program of Special Education (UPSE) in Indonesia is still carried out by the National Accreditation Agency for Higher Education (BAN-PT) based on national higher education standards. One of the assessment elements is graduates employability. The aim of this research is to describe the employability of special education graduates according to BAN-PT standard. This research is a survey with a cross sectional design. Respondents were 161 graduates of the UPSE Universitas Negeri Surabaya (UNESA) spread across Bangka Belitung, Banten, DKI Jakarta, Yogyakarta, West Java, Central Java, East Java, South Kalimantan, West Nusa Tenggara, and Papua. Data were collected using online questionnaire and analyzed quantitatively. The results are: (1) the average waiting period of the graduates is 3.8 months, and (2) 88% of graduate employments have compatibility with the field of study. Therefore, it can be concluded that the employability of special education graduates has met the highest standards according to the BAN-PT. Research findings also indicate that the UPSE is able to produce quality graduates who have skills that support employability so that graduates are quickly absorbed in the world of work that match with their field of study.

Education for blind children begins at the age of childhood and elementary school. At that age, blind children will begin to be introduced to fruits. However, in general, teachers in special schools will introduce fruits to blind children using only real fruit. This is considered ineffective, because the fruit recognition learning process only relied on the ability of the teacher that causes blind students to get bored quickly and the material presented by the teachers is not well received. Therefore we need a 3D fruit learning media designed according to the characteristics of blind children. The purpose of making Fruit Audio Aroma media is as a solution to overcome problems in the learning process of the blind children with disabilities related to fruit material. The method used is the observation method. The result of this study indicated that the Fruit Audio Aroma media provides maximum usability with easy and practical use, according to the needs of the blind through aroma, braille, texture, QR code and audio features that can be operated smoothly. Thus, this media is effective for increasing the sensitivity of the sense of touch, hearing and smell in blind children.

The aim of this study is to know the relationship between teachers’ understanding to inclusive education policy with teachers’ attitude to children with special needs at inclusive school in Pati. According to the aim, this study used correlational quantitative approach. The subject of this study were 40 teachers of inclusive school in Pati. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling technique. The data collection technique used was likert model scale instrument. The analysis result indicates the hypothesis is accepted, it means that there is a significant relation between the understanding of inclusive education policy with the teachers’ attitude to children with special needs by value of 2,860 > 2,061 ( > ) and significant value of < 0,05 (0,007 < 0,05). Correlation coefficiency value (R) of this study is 0,421. It means that relationship betweem teachers’ understanding to inclusive education policy with teachers’ attitude to children with special needs in Pati has a fairly strong relationship. The precentage of the influence of contribution which has understanding of inclusive education policy to the teachers’ attitude to children with special needs is 17,7% which indicates by determination coefficient () of 0,177, meanwhile the rest of 82,3% is influenced by other not examined factors.

During the COVID-19 period, the Ministry of Education and Culture has determined that learning is carried out from home called online learning. This study is to determine the effect of parental attachment on online learning for children with mental reterdation in SLB East Jakarta area 1.This study uses a quantitative approach with descriptive type. Data collection by questionnaire to 251 respondents whose data results were processed using SPSS. The F test results show the F table value of 3.88. The calculated F value is 36.909 bigger F table 3.88 and that all independent variables, namely parental attachment , simultaneously have a significant effect on the dependent variable, namely online learning. The result of T count is 6.075 bigger 1.652 from T table which means it has a positive effect. The results of partial hypothesis testing indicate that parental attachment has a significant effect on online learning.