Background: In recent years, Instagram has become the most popular tool among professional doctors in Azerbaijan for educating their patients. The use of the Instagram application aims to raise patients' awareness of the importance of taking care of their health and to increase their knowledge about their health conditions using modern services. In this article, the authors examine the quality of Instagram content for health education among the population. Methods: We conducted a survey to collect anonymous data from more than 205 respondents and summarized the following points. Results: 65% of the respondents were already obtaining health information from Instagram before to participating in the study. 15.1 % of them frequently visit Instagram for health information while 5% had found the health information accessed there harmful. 71% of respondents think accessing health information in this way is beneficial but that the quality and usefulness of the content is average. 95% of respondents reported that the health information they obtained from the identical platform was not causing them any harm Conclusion: The medical information shared on Instagram is generally considered useful and beneficial by the population, but it is desirable to improve the quality of the content.

Involuntary childlessness is a common and distressing problem affecting millions of couples worldwide. This phenomenon can have a profound impact on the psychological, emotional, and social well-being of individuals and couples, leading to feelings of grief, shame, and social isolation. This study aims to examine the psychological factors related to involuntary childlessness in Azerbaijan specifically. Electronic databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Proquest, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing, and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Scopus were used as well as hand searching. Grey literature was searched using Google and Google Scholar, and the snowballing method was used to identify additional sources. The findings underscore the importance of integrating psychological care into fertility treatment programs and training medical professionals to provide holistic care to patients undergoing fertility treatment. To address the psychological impact of infertility, it is recommended that medical education, psychological services, and medical-psychological examination and treatment procedures be implemented at a national level. Further research should also be conducted to determine the effectiveness of psychotherapy for infertility-related issues, and appropriate psychosocial rehabilitation plans should be developed and implemented based on the results.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0011/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Abstract This paper examines aspects of the coordination and cooperation of local actors in Security Force Assistance (SFA) missions, and in particular in Non-Article 5 Crisis Response Operations (NA5CRO). The process of building relationships with local actors and coordinating efforts with them to achieve mission success is discussed as well. This process is based on the understanding that local actors have critical knowledge of the operational environment and can provide valuable insights that enhance mission effectiveness. The need to understand the operational environment and build effective relationships with local security forces as well as other stakeholders is also addressed. The article explains how coordination and cooperation with local actors are essential to achieving mission success and can improve the effectiveness of the SFA in their participation in crisis response operations. In summary, the paper emphasizes the critical importance of coordination and cooperation with local actors in SFA missions and into Humanitarian Assistance Operations that are part of NA5CRO. This approach can enhance the effectiveness of the mission, increase situational awareness, and reduce the risk of mission failure. It requires a commitment to building effective relationships with local security forces and other stakeholders, joint coordination among all actors involved in the mission, and cultural sensitivity and awareness in the event of a crisis.

In 2015, a dramatic increase in migrant flows to Europe from the Middle East and Africa has led to a migration crisis. The main goal of the paper is to analyze the socio-economic impact of the migration flows to Europe and its political consequences. The paper has found that the migration has a negative influence over the European socio-economic environment.

The purpose of this research was to determine the depth and scope of Global Citizenship Education (GCE) through the International Baccalaureate (IB) Primary Years Programme (PYP) exhibition. The small-scale qualitative study describes how a fifth-grade cohort and teachers at The International School of Azerbaijan uncover GCE in situ. Drawing on GCE literature, including Irene Davy’s IB position paper and UNESCO’s Global Citizenship: Education Topics and Learning Objectives, the study seeks to align current theory on GCE and the components of the exhibition. The research is underpinned by communicative action and reflection, denoting a critical stance on epistemology. The resulting conceptual GCE framework positions authentication, co-creation and substantiation as key enabling features of the PYP exhibition. As the presented framework is based on practice, the key assertions are applicable to educators, schools and networks seeking to enliven contextual modes of global learning.

BackgroundThere has been no previous study into the state of emergency medicine in Azerbaijan. As a legacy of the Soviet Semashko system, the “specialty” model of emergency medicine and integrated emergency departments do not exist here. Instead, pre-hospital emergency care is delivered by ambulance physicians and in-hospital care by individual departments, often in specialty hospitals. Emergency care is therefore fragmented, highly specialized and inefficient.AimsThe Emergency Medicine Development Initiative (EMDI) of the International Medical Corps (IMC) was designed to improve the quality of emergency care in four pilot regional centers in Azerbaijan. The objective of this study was to assess the baseline emergency medical capacity of these four centers.MethodsEMDI staff conducted a four-part baseline survey in April 2006 to assess emergency care in Ganja (the second largest city in Azerbaijan), Kurdamir, Shamkir and Yevlakh. Data collection involved interviews with relevant personnel and a retrospective records review in each city.ResultsPre-hospital: The number of ambulance teams per 10,000 inhabitants is below the number required by local regulations. On average, 45% of 27 medications and 37% of 17 pieces of critical equipment were available. Of the emergency procedures, 21% could be performed in the pre-hospital setting. In-hospital: Admission rates were near 100% for the admissions department–an area that is supposed to function as an emergency department would. On average 57% of 40 medications and 42% of 22 pieces of critical equipment were available. Of the emergency procedures, 62% could be performed in the in-hospital setting.ConclusionsThe emergency medical system surveyed in Azerbaijan is inefficiently organized, under-financed, poorly equipped and lacks adequately trained staff. Reforms need to be directed towards achieving international standards, while adapting new models for service delivery into the existing framework and improving system capacity as highlighted by this baseline assessment.

The effects of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation on plasma membrane of water plant ( Elodea canadensis, Vallisneria spiralis) cells were investigated by using microelectrode methods. A fast and reversible depolarization of membrane potential occurs initially during exposure of leaf cells to UV on a white light background, after which a slow phase of depolarization sets in. On action series, UV is pulsed for 15 s, with dark interval of 3 min, no monotonous response of systems on the UV excitation is observed. The action spectrum of the fast UV response lies in the interval of 300–330 nm and that of the slow phase—in the interval of 280–300 nm. The input impedance of membranes remains unchanged during the period of exposure. It is concluded that the H +-extruding complex of plant cell plasma membranes really consists of two types of interrelated electronic H +-pumps: an H +-pump of redox-active nature and the H +-pump of the H +-ATPase enzyme complex. Clearly, during the exposure of leaf cells to UV light, initially, the H +-pump of redox-active nature and then H +-ATPase are inhibited. It is proposed that the initial chromophore of UV-B light on plasma membrane can be one of the components of H +-pump of redox-active nature. It is probably the molecular of quinone.

Ln3In5S12 compounds were characterized by physicochemical analysis and electrical measurements. All the compounds studied crystallize in monoclinic symmetry and are isostructural. In the series La3In5S12–Lu3In5S12 , the lattice parameters vary in the ranges a = 11.36–10.74 A, b = 21.49–20.94 A, c = 4.06–3.72 A, and β = 98.8°–98.4°. The photoelectric properties of Ho3In5S12 crystals doped with Sn, Zn, Cu, and Cd were studied at 77 and 300 K. The Cd-doped crystals showed no appreciable photoresponse around the fundamental absorption edge.