BackgroundA registry of chronic subdural hematoma does not exist in France yet. ObjectiveTo present a monocentric pilot project of a French registry of surgical management of chronic subdural hematoma. MethodA monocentric pseudonymized formal database was created. From May 2020 to May 2021, all patients undergoing surgical evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma were entered into the database. ResultsOne hundred and twenty four surgeries from 113 patients were entered in the database. Patients’ demographic and surgical data as well as follow-up are described. ConclusionA local database is easy to implement. We propose a national registry of chronic subdural hematoma management.

Background: Aminoglycosides are the most prescribed antibiotics in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). Reducing exposure to antibiotics in the NICU is highly desirable, particularly through benchmarking methods. Methods: Description of aminoglycosides prescriptions in 23 French NICU using the same computerized system over a 4-year period (2017–2020). A benchmarking program of antibiotics prescription was associated. Results: The population included 53,818 patients. Exposition rates to gentamicin and amikacin were 31.7% (n = 17,049) and 9.1% (n = 4894), respectively. Among neonates exposed to gentamicin, 90.4% of gentamicin and 77.6% of amikacin treatments were started within the 1st week of life. Among neonates exposed to amikacin, 77.6% started amikacin within the 1st week. The average daily dose of gentamicin at first prescription increased over the study period from 3.9 in 2017 to 4.4 mg/kg/d in 2020 (p < 0.0001). Conversely, the corresponding amikacin daily doses decreased from 13.0 in 2017 to 12.3 mg/kg/d in 2020 (p = 0.001). The time interval between the first 2 doses of gentamicin was mainly distributed in 3 values during the first week of life: 49.4% at 24 h, 26.4% at 36 h, and 22.9% at 48 h. At first amikacin prescription, the time interval was distributed in 4 categories: 48% at 24 h, 4.1% at 30 h, 8.5% at 36 h, and 37.1% at 48 h. As compared to literature guidelines, the rates of overdose and underdose in gentamicin (1.5% and 2.7%) and amikacin (0.3% and 1.0%). They significantly decreased for gentamicin over the study period. In multivariate analysis, the factors significantly associated with GENT overdose were the year of admission, prematurity, length of stay, and duration of the treatment. Conclusion: This prescription strategy ensured a low rate of overdose and underdose, and some benefits of the benchmarking program is suggested.

ObjectiveHealing of soft tissues and improvement of aesthetics have become major research objectives in implantology and renewed the interest for ceramics implants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pre-clinical performance of screw-shaped sandblasted-etched implants processed from an innovative zirconia-based ceramic composite, in comparison to titanium. MethodsTwenty-four ceramic and twenty-four titanium screw-shaped sandblasted-etched dental implants were tested in a split-mouth design in six Beagle dogs. Surface topographies were investigated by confocal microscopy. Local tissue effects were evaluated at 4 and 13 weeks after implantation through histology. An ANOVA statistical analysis (5% risk; p < 0.05) was performed to compare peri-implant quantitative histomorphometric parameters on buccal and lingual sides, including Bone to Implant Contact (BIC) among test groups and time-periods. ResultsTitanium and ceramic implants presented respectively moderate and minimal roughness. After 4 and 13 weeks, ceramic implants showed an inflammatory tissue response close to titanium implants. At both period of time there was no significant difference between the titanium and ceramic groups in terms of BIC values (mean ± SD) at the lingual or buccal sides or when combining buccal + lingual BIC values (respectively for titanium and ceramic, 68.4 ± 14.7 % and 75.0 ± 13.5 % at 4 weeks, and 92.0 ± 8.6 % and 86.1 ± 13.8 % at 13 weeks). SignificanceWithin the limits of the present study, it can be concluded that newly developed zirconia-based ceramic composite dental implants have similar biocompatibility and osseointegration to those observed in titanium implants. These pre-clinical results corroborate the potential for the use of these new zirconia-based ceramics in oral implantology.

The aim of the present survey is to investigate the use of antibiotics during periodontal therapy among French dentists with a focus on exploring potential differences between various groups of practitioners. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to different groups of practitioners including members of (i) the French Society of Periodontology and Implantology; (ii) the College of University Teachers in Periodontology and, (iii) private practitioners participating in the French general dental practice-based research network. 272 questionnaires were included in the analysis. Prescription patterns were globally in line with the current recommendations. Systemic antibiotics are most frequently used as a first-line therapy in necrotizing periodontitis (92%) and aggressive periodontitis (53.3% to 66.1%). However, malpractice still exists, including in the management of periodontal abscesses. Antibiotics are prescribed (i) less frequently for periodontal abscesses and (ii) more frequently for generalized aggressive periodontitis by members of the periodontal society and University college (p < 0.05). Amoxicillin (59.9%) and the amoxicillin + metronidazole (59.6%) combination were the most frequently prescribed molecules. Providing a high number of periodontal treatments per week, being more recently graduated, having a post-graduate certificate in periodontology and holding or having held an academic position/hospital practice were all factors associated with a better knowledge of and/or more adequate antibiotic use.

Mediterranean wetlands are critical strongholds for biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem functions and services; yet, they are being severely degraded by a number of socio-economic drivers and pressures, including climate change. Moreover, we still lack comprehensive understanding of the extent to which biodiversity loss in Mediterranean wetlands will accelerate change in ecosystem processes. Here, we evaluate how changes in biodiversity can alter the ecosystem of the Camargue (southern France). We collected data on species presence/absence, trends and abundance over a 40-year period by combining observations from the scholarly literature with insights derived from expert knowledge. In total, we gathered more than 1500 estimates of presence/absence, over 1400 estimates of species abundance, and about 1400 estimates of species trends for eight taxonomic groups, i.e. amphibians, reptiles, breeding birds, fish, mammals, dragonflies (odonates), orthopterans and vascular plants. Furthermore, we used information on recently arrived species and invasive species to identify compositional changes across multiple taxa. Complementing targeted literature searches with expert knowledge allowed filling important gaps regarding the status and trends of biodiversity in the Camargue. Species trend data revealed sharp population declines in amphibians, odonates and orthopterans, while birds and plants experienced an average increase in abundance between the 1970s and the 2010s. The general increasing trends of novel and invasive species is suggested as an explanation for the changing abundance of birds and plants. While the observed declines in certain taxa reflect the relative failure of the protection measures established in the Camargue, the increasing exposure to novel and invasive species reveal major changes in the community structure of the different taxonomic groups. This study is the first attempt to assess changes in biodiversity in the Camargue using an expert knowledge approach, and can help manage the uncertainties and complexities associated with rapid social-ecological change in other Mediterranean wetlands.

This paper outlines the clinical advantages of the digital lingual straight wire system, Lingual Liberty. The elimination of bends facilitates space closure and reduces chair time. Combining the high precision in bracket positioning available with the system and the use of customized preformed archwires, teeth are moved gradually towards the ideal position as defined on the virtual set-up by each user.

Periodontology and orthodontics are two closely related odonatological disciplines, both of which affect the periodontium of our patients. If in most cases orthodontics have no adverse effect on the periodontium, in case of fragile (weak?) phenotype periodontium (low height or lake of keratinized tissue, thin bone tables, fenestrations or bone dehiscence) orthodontic treatment can, depending on the movements performed, cause or aggravate periodontal recessions that are unsightly and painful for the patient and compromise the results. Through a clinical case we will see how to prevent and treat these cases to make orthodontic treatment possible and maintain its results over time.