The Validity of buffer solution e-modules based on problem-based learning has been conducted. This study aimed to determine the category of Validity of buffer solution e-Modules based on Problem-Based Learning (PBL) has been developed. The type of research conducted is educational design research (EDR) with a plomp development model. The Plomp development model consists of 3 stages: preliminary research, prototyping stage, and assessment phase. However, this research is limited to the prototype III. Validation of e-modules using a questionnaire instrument consisting of content, constructs, graphics and language aspects. Seven validators validate the module. The results of the validity data analysis show that the module generated meets the valid criteria in terms of content, constructs, graphics and language aspects.

ABSTRAK
 Proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan di MAS PSA Sulit Air masih menggunakan metode ceramah dan sumber belajar yang digunakan berupa buku paket, serta belum pernah menggunakan modul pembelajaran , sehingga menyebabkan siswa kurang aktif dalam proses pembelajaran. Sedangkan didalam kurikulum 2013 dikatakan selama proses pembelajaran siswa harus terlibat aktif. Upaya untuk membuat siswa terlibat aktif dalam proses pembelajaran adalah dengan mengunakan bahan ajar berupa modul pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan pengaruh penggunaan modul larutan penyangga terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas XI IPA di MAS PSA Sulit Air. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu (Quasi Experiment Research) dengan desain Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes hasil belajar siswa berupa 25 pertanyaan objektif yang telah di uji cobakan. Data hasil tes menunjukkan bahwa data berdistribusi normal dan homogen sehingga dapat dilakukan uji hipotesis dengan uji-t. Dari hasil uji-t, diperoleh Thitung>Ttabel pada taraf signifikan 0,05, maka dinyatakan bahwa H1 diterima. Ini berarti bahwa hasil belajar siswa kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi secara signifikan daripada kelas kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan modul materi larutan penyangga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI IPA di MAS PSA Sulit Air.

Variation of learning media is e-LKPD (electronic Student Worksheet) with Flip PDF Professional. Making e-LKPD is an effort to improve critical thinking skills, understanding concepts and linking the acquired knowledge to real life through integrated learning. The approach that can be used is STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) which is usually followed by several learning models, one of which is PjBL (Project Based Learning). The purpose of this study was to develop an integrated STEM-PjBL e-LKPD on acid-base material for class XI SMA. This type of research is Research and Development which uses a 4-D development model, define, design, develop, and disseminate. The data analysis used is validity and practicality. The data analysis technique uses Aiken'sV to analyze the validity of the data and Kappa Aiken'sV Cohen to analyze the practicality of the data. The average Aikken'sV validity test scale is 0.85 with a very high validity category. Aikken'sV scale. The practical kappa moment of the teacher's practicality sheet is 0.90 in the very high category and from the student's practicality sheet, 0.82 is in the high category. This shows that the integrated STEM PjBL e-LKPD on acid-base material for class XI SMA which was developed is valid and practical as a learning media.

The selection of learning models that have not been carried out optimally by educators so that a learning system is needed that supports this learning model. One learning system that can be applied is a lesson study-based learning system for learning communities. The key to the implementation of lesson study for learning community is in the reflection (see) stage so that the learning process has increased and has an impact on increasing teacher competence and improving student learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to reveal the effect of the guided inquiry learning model based on lesson study for learning community on salt hydrolysis material on student learning outcomes of SMAN 10 Padang. This research is a quasi-experimental in the form of nonequivalent control group design. The analysis carried out obtained the results of data that were normally distributed and the variance was homogeneous so that it fulfilled the requirements of the t-test and obtained a sig(2-tailed) value of 0.001 < 0.05. Based on data analysis, it was concluded that the guided inquiry learning model based on lesson study for learning community on salt hydrolysis material has a significant effect on student learning outcomes.

Chemistry is a branch of natural science that is closely related to everyday life. Until now, it is mandatory to learn at the high school level is chemistry subject matter of chemical equilibrium. Chemistry lessons at this time tend not to be of interest to students because they are considered difficult. Based on data from interviews with several chemistry teachers at SMA 14 Padang, the material for chemical equilibrium was still difficult for students to understand, where learning at school was still teacher-centered. The solution is to apply the LSLC-based GDL model to encourage active students and improve quality and improve the course of a learning process. this type of research is quasi-experimental. the results of the research data are normally distributed and homogeneous, so the hypothesis test that is carried out is the t-test with 0.03 < 0.05. That is, the learning outcomes with chemical equilibrium material for students who were given treatment using the LSLC-based GDL model were higher than the learning outcomes of students who applied the GDL model without LSLC.

The research on developing a chemistry practicum guide based on problem based learning colloid material for class XI SMA students aims to determine the effectiveness of the developed practicum guide. Educational Desain Research is this type of research using the Plomp model. The Plomp model has 3 stages, including: 1) Preliminary Research, 2) Prototype Stage, 3) Evaluation Stage. The validity of this practicum guide was tested by two chemistry lecturers from FMIPA UNP and two chemistry teachers from SMAN 2 Rambatan and SMAN 1 Rambatan using a validation instrument. The validity of the validators was analyzed using the Aiken's V formula. The results of the construct validity analysis with Aiken's V average score of 0.84 were included in the very high validity category and the content validity 0.86 also included in the very high validity category. The data obtained indicate that the PBL-based colloid practicum guide for class XI SMA/MA students is valid and practical.

This research aims to determine the level of effectiveness of the use of the Flipped-Guided Inquiry Based Learning Learning Model on Chemical Equilibrium Materials. The research method used was a quasi-experimental with non-equivalent control group design. The population in this study were students of class XI MIPA SMA N 8 Padang. The sample class was selected based on the purposive sampling technique, so that the XI MIPA 2 class was obtained as the experimental class and the XI MIPA 1 class as the control class. Data were analyzed using N-gain test and t-test. The instrument of this research is a test of learning outcomes by giving a pretest and posttest in the form of objective questions that are arranged based on the learning objectives. The results showed that the average pretest and posttest scores had different results, namely 53.125 in the experimental class and 48.939 in the control class. So that the average N-gain test is 0.78 in the high category experimental class and 0.68 moderate category control class. It is also supported by the results of the hypothesis test, namely the t-test, with Tcount (3.327) > Ttable (1.669) at a significant level of 0.05 with dk = 63 and probability t0.95. It can be concluded that the Flipped-Guided Inquiry Based Learning Model on Chemical Equilibrium Material is proven to be effective in improving student learning outcomes.

The 2013 curriculum implemented by the government is expected to improve the quality of education. The scientific approach is the approach used in K13, which is a science-based approach. The research carried out is a follow-up study of the development of discovery learning-based colloid system e-modules for high school/MA students which has been tested for validity and practicality, but its effectiveness has not been tested. The purpose of this experiment is to see the effectiveness of using discovery learning e-modules for high school/MA students. The type of research used is pre-experimental using One Group-Pretest-Postest. The results obtained from this study are t-test with a significance level of 0.05, namely sig(2-Tailed) data obtained 0.000 proving that H0 is rejected, because the value of Sig <0.05 and H1 is accepted. The result of the N-Gain value in the sample class is 0.816. Based on the results of this study, it shows that the application of this e-module is very good in achieving goals and can develop learning outcomes for high school students

This research to develop E-Content based on discovery learning on chemical bonding material for class X SMA/MA. This type of research and development (R&D) using the ADDIE model consists of 5 stages namely analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. E-Content is used to help students study remotely due to the Covid-19 pandemic. E-Content also provides learning videos, PPT. E-Content in it there are quiz questions and evaluation questions that can measure studens ability to understand chemical bonding material. The data analysis technique used is in the form of validity and practicality sheets. The content validity test was carried out by 3 chemistry lecturers and 3 chemisrty teachers, while the media validity was carried out by 3 lecturers in the field of technology while the practicality test was carried out by 20 students of class X. The results of the analysis of the content validity sheet, media, practicality by students successively the average score of V was 0.82, 0.91 and 0.84. The data obtained indicate that the E-Content on chemical bonding material is valid and practical.

Thermochemistry is one of the chemistry learning materials that are difficult for students to understand. It requires three level of chemical representation in the learning process, which is assisted by the presentation of interactive PowerPoint media. This study aims to produce an interactive PowerPoint learning media based on guided inquiry suitable for learning and can determine the level of validity of the interactive PowerPoint learning media. The type of research used is Research and Development (R&D) with a 4D development model. The research is limited to the Develop stage. The reseach instrument used was a validated questionnaire processed using the Aiken,s V formula. Two chemistry lecturers and tree high scholl chemistry teachers conducted the PowerPoint interactive learning media validity test. In the validity test data analysis, the validity result value is 0,86 with a good category.