Abstract
Income distribution analysis can be conducted from the point of view of the comparisons between different geographical regions, family types or socio-economic groups it can also be carried out to assess the effects of an economic policy over time. The paper presents the results of a research on income distribution of Polish farmers which allowed us to formulate several conclusions concerning the differentiation of income inequality, poverty and wealth for the households of farmers in different macro-regions. The analysis uses the Gini inequality index and selected poverty and wealth indicators. The basis for the calculations was micro data coming from the Household Budget Survey conducted by the Central Statistical Office of Poland for 2015. The results of the research showed that the highest income inequality among the farmers’ households was observed in the northern region. Also this region was characterised by the highest percentage of households considered affluent. But the lowest Gini inequality coefficient was observed for the south-western region, where there were no farmers’ households exceeding the richness threshold.
Highlights
It is well-known that high income inequality can have several undesirable political and social consequences, such as poverty and polarization of particular economic groups and regions
Income distribution of a population of households or groups of households distinguished by region, socio-economic group or family type are of special interest to economists and statisticians
The levels of inequality, poverty and wealth have been taken into account
Summary
It is well-known that high income inequality can have several undesirable political and social consequences, such as poverty and polarization of particular economic groups and regions. The voivodeships in which agriculture achieves high economic effects include the Wielkopolskie from the northwestern macro-region and the Kujawsko-Pomorskie from the northern macro-region In these regions, structural changes and adjustment processes leading to the concentration and specialization of agricultural production are carried out faster and more efficiently than in other parts of the country (Michna, 2005). The farmers’ households were characterised by the highest share of very high incomes, i.e. equivalent incomes above a predefined wealth threshold (from 6.62% to 9.75%). The specificity of economic activity that is agriculture allows us to assume that the income distribution of farmers’ households is closely related to regions of Poland. The objective of this paper was to analyse income inequality of farmers by six macro-regions (NUTS1): central, southern, eastern, north-western, Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej / Problems of Agricultural Economics
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