Abstract
A method is developed to predict physical properties within the zone of flow establishment (ZFE) for thermal effluents discharged as buoyant jets through round submerged diffusers. The ZFE is the region immediately beyond the diffuser exit in which the mean flow profiles undergo a transition from their internal flow shapes to a free turbulent flow condition. The integral equations of mass, energy, and momentum conservation are used. The solution includes the length of the ZFE and the values of jet width, jet orientation, and center line temperature throughout this zone. The method can predict buoyant jets with three‐dimensional trajectories discharged to flowing stratified ambients. Results obtained with the method agree well with the limited experimental data available and with existing empirical correlations. These results provide the necessary initial conditions for conventional (applicable only in the zone of established flow) jet prediction methods; and thus the accuracy of hydrothermal predictions of thermal effluents from power plants will be improved.
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