Abstract
Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa (Xtu) is a proteobacteria which causes bacterial leaf streak (BLS) or bacterial chaff disease in wheat and barley. The constant competition for zinc (Zn) metal nutrients contributes significantly in plant–pathogen interactions. In this study, we have employed a systematic in silico approach to study the Zn-binding proteins of Xtu. From the whole proteome of Xtu, we have identified approximately 7.9% of proteins having Zn-binding sequence and structural motifs. Further, 115 proteins were found homologous to plant–pathogen interaction database. Among these 115 proteins, 11 were predicted as putative secretory proteins. The functional diversity in Zn-binding proteins was revealed by functional domain, gene ontology and subcellular localization analysis. The roles of Zn-binding proteins were found to be varied in the range from metabolism, proteolysis, protein biosynthesis, transport, cell signalling, protein folding, transcription regulation, DNA repair, response to oxidative stress, RNA processing, antimicrobial resistance, DNA replication and DNA integration. This study provides preliminary information on putative Zn-binding proteins of Xtu which may further help in designing new metal-based antimicrobial agents for controlling BLS and bacterial chaff infections on staple crops.
Highlights
The bacterial diseases of the crop plants place a major restraint on crop production and result in significant global food production losses and food security [1,2]
Out of the complete proteome of Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa (Xtu), 346 proteins showed the occurrence of putative Zn-binding sequence motifs
The predicted Zn proteome of Xtu contain Zn-binding proteins which exist in proper coordination, and Zn-substituted proteins and proteins participate as Zn buffering system
Summary
The bacterial diseases of the crop plants place a major restraint on crop production and result in significant global food production losses and food security [1,2]. Undulosa (Xtu) is a gram-negative bacterial pathogen of crop plants, wheat and barley [3]. The bacterial pathogens have a complex association between the metabolic processes, regulation of expression and functioning of virulence factors [6,7,8]. The constant competition for the trace transition metal ions is one of the key factors at the traffic circle of nutrient metabolism and virulence [9,10]. The transition metal ions are necessary for the survival of all the living organisms. One-third of all proteins contain one or more metal ions as cofactor for their structural stability and functional activity [11]
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