Abstract
The workers in metal industry as well as the people inhabiting industrially polluted regions are Health hazard groups regarding the development of chronic heavy metal intoxication. Different means could be used to correct, at least partly, the consequences of such intoxication. However, the best substances for treatment are those that can prevent the metals entering in the blood. In case, metals enter in the organism through the digestive tract, zeolites are the most suitable means for trapping of metal ions. The substantial role of the clinoptilolite as a factor essentially reducing Pb bioaccumulation is considered in an experiment with small mammals chronically exposed to lead. As a feed additive, clinoptilolites have been used so far in poultry and livestock to positively influence feces consistency, reduce diarrhea, bound mycotoxins and aflatoxins, and allow better performance of intestinal microflora. The present work is the first study of the effect of clinoptilolite, used as a food supplement, in conditions of Pb intoxication. Modified clinoptilolite KLS-10-MA was prepared and applied as food-additive in laboratory inbred ICR line mice, chosen as experimental animals. In the experiment the degree of the positive effect of this sorbent in the reduction of Pb bioaccumulation was explored. Evidences that clinoptilolite is practically non-toxic substance were presented. A mathematical model of Pb bioaccumulation in exposed and exposed-supplemented animals was proposed. Such investigations are important for human and veterinary medicine, pharmacy and for the explanation of some biological and chemical problems. The authors hope that the obtained results could help in further efforts to create drugs based on clinoptilolite sorbents. An application of such drugs could be of great importance for human and animals in regions that are industrially polluted with heavy metals, and particularly with Pb, in order to protect the organisms as well as the quality of the environment.
Highlights
Zeolites-natural and modified because of their specific structure, are excellent adsorber and can diminish the harmful effect of heavy metals
The mice were chronically exposed to lead (Pb) in the form of aqueous solution of Pb(NO3)2, diluted in the drinking water, and treated with modified clinoptilolite sorbent KLS-10-MA. They were allocated into four groups: group 1,: animals fed with conventional food for small rodents and water; group 2: animals fed with conventional food + clinosorbent KLS-10-MA and water; group 3: animals fed with conventional food and water + Pb(NO3)2; and group 4: animals fed with conventional food + KLS-10MA and water + Pb(NO3)2
In the present study bioaccumulation of Pb in carcass, organs and tissues, as well as chromosomal aberrations and mitotic index, erythrocyte morphology and proliferation, and body weight gain of the mice were chosen as suitable bioindicator characteristics to assess the detoxification effect of the modified clinoptilolite sorbent KLS-10-MA administrated as a feed supplement in the mice chronically exposed to Pb
Summary
Zeolites-natural and modified because of their specific structure, are excellent adsorber and can diminish the harmful effect of heavy metals. In the present study bioaccumulation of Pb in carcass, organs and tissues, as well as chromosomal aberrations and mitotic index, erythrocyte morphology and proliferation, and body weight gain of the mice were chosen as suitable bioindicator characteristics to assess the detoxification effect of the modified clinoptilolite sorbent KLS-10-MA administrated as a feed supplement in the mice chronically exposed to Pb. The mathematical model of Pb bioaccumulation in bones, in exposed-unsupplemented and exposed-supplemented mice, allowed determining the coefficient η of absorption of Pb by gastrointestinal mucosa in the supplemented mice and some kinetic parameters of the dynamics of Pb bioaccumulation both in unsupplemented and supplemented animals. One of the aims of the present work is to prove whether a significant change in body weight would be observed in mice supplemented with clinoptilolite For this reason, and in order to examine the reaction of mammal’s organism to the sorbent, an additional control was used.
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