Abstract
In this study, the incineration plants ÝZAYDAÞ (Hazardous Waste Incineration Plant) and ÝSTAC (Medical Waste Incineration Plant) were studied to investigate the factors affecting polychlorinated dibenzo-p-diox- in (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF) formation. The combustion units and the flue gas treatment systems were investigated and their influence on dioxin/furan formation were explained. It was found that especially the combustion temperature and residence time in the second combustion unit (after- burner) were the most significant parameters affecting the formation of both dioxins/furans and their pre- cursers (chlorofenol, chlorobenzene, polichlorinated biphenyls). In both plants, active carbon adsorption units are used. In the ÝSTAC plant, active carbon injection is applied, where pulverized active carbon is injected. In the ÝZAYDAÞ plant, active carbon is used as granular form in fixed-bed columns. In this work, the optimum quantity of adsorbent (active carbon) were determined in both plants, using models based on ampiric equations in the literature. For the ÝSTAC plant, optimum dozage was found to be 54,2 mg/m3 and the annual quantity 5,213 ton/year. On the other hand, for the ÝZAYDAÞ plant, optimum dozage was found as 0,01661 mg/m3 and the annual quantity 6,548 kg/year, and based on fixed-bed process, as 13 kg/year.
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