Yield and Quality of Grain Crops Due Foliar Fertilization with Nitrogen and Microfertilizers

Abstract

AbstractIn an experiment on an ordinary chernozem of the steppe of Western Siberia, it was found that the doses of nitrogen fertilizers and Zn and Cu chelates had a positive effect on the grain yield of spring wheat and oats with foliar feeding. With a yield in the control variant of 1.24 (spring wheat) and 1.68 t/ha (oats), the introduction of macro- and microfertilizers contributed to the formation of 1.31–1.48 and 1.77–1.93 t/ha of grain, respectively. Yield growth is observed from foliar feeding with nitrogen and micro-fertilizers – the increase was 0.07–0.24 and 0.8–0.25 t/ha. Feeding with carbamide without microfertilizers is effective, it led to a significant increase in yield (0.07–0.15 t/ha, depending on the crop and dose), as well as the use of microfertilizers against the background of nitrogen fertilizers: 0.06–0.09 t/ha together with N15 and 0.10–0.11 t/ha together with N30. The yield increase from zinc and copper chelates separately is less significant: 0.02–0.08 t/ha. Maximum yield – using N30Zn0.2Cu0.2. Improving the nutritional conditions of plants when applying fertilizers mainly has a positive effect on the content of gluten, protein in grain, and nature. When studying the effect of fertilizers on the qualitative characteristics of protein, it was found that the amount of amino acids increases in wheat from 9.43% without fertilizers to the highest 10.68% of N15Zn0.2; in oats – from 7.17% without fertilizers to 8.37 (at N15Zn0.,2Cu0.2) and 8.38 (N15Cu0.2).KeywordsWheatOatsFertilizersNitrogenZincCopperProductivityChernozemAmino acids