Abstract
ABSTRACT Yellow fever is an infectious disease of acute evolution, initially non-contagious, transmitted by a ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus that belongs to the Flaviviridae family. In the period from December 2016 until March 17, 2017, 1, 561 suspected cases of wild yellow fever were reported to the Ministry of Health in Brazil. Among these cases, 850 (54.8%) remain under investigation, 448 (28.7%) were confirmed and 263 (16.9%) were discarded. Out of the total cases reported, 264 died, 144 (54.5%) were confirmed for the disease, 110 (41.7%) were investigated and 10 (3.8%) were discarded. The case fatality rate among confirmed cases was 32.2%. The specific diagnosis for determining the etiology of infection can be made by demonstrating the humoral response of the antibodies, virus isolation, or histopathological study of the liver. Only through early laboratory diagnosis and epidemiological data supply can government and cooperative organizations establish public policies to combat future disease epidemics, as well as social awareness campaigns.
Highlights
Yellow fever is an infectious disease of acute evolution, initially non-contagious, transmitted by a ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus that belongs to the Flaviviridae family
In the period from December 2016 until March 17, 2017, 1,561 suspected cases of wild yellow fever were reported to the Ministry of Health in Brazil
Subclinical, oligosymptomatic, and mild forms usually occur in young children with a vaccinated mother [in these cases there is transplacental transmission of maternal immunoglobulin class G (IgG) antibodies during pregnancy], indigenous people who have acquired immunity from the mother or throughout life, or adults with acquired antibodies
Summary
Yellow fever is an infectious disease of acute evolution, initially non-contagious, transmitted by a ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus that belongs to the Flaviviridae family. Man is infected by mosquito bites of the genera Sabethes, Haemagogus and/or Aedes(1) This disease occurs in endemic areas of the South America and Africa, especially the wild epidemiological presentation, which requires the presence of a non-human primate for dissemination. Outbreaks and epidemics in other regions are reported sporadically, when the virus encounters a susceptible environment of unvaccinated persons This may have a greater or lesser impact on public health, depending on the extension of the dissemination(2, 3). In the period from December 2016 to March 17, 2017, 1,561 suspected cases of wild yellow fever were reported to the Ministry of Health. Among these cases, 850 (54.8%) remain under investigation, 448 (28.7%) were confirmed and 263 (16.9%) were discarded. Epidemics of dengue, zika and chikungunya, transmitted by this vector, are of concern to the Brazilian authorities regarding new epidemics of urban yellow fever(3, 7)
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