Abstract
Yellow (Cyperus esculentus) and purple (C. rotundus) nutsedges, and coffee senna (Senna occidentalis) are common weeds in the southern USA and each have been reported as alternative hosts for plant-parasitic nematodes. Our objective was to determine the host suitability of these weeds to plant-parasitic nematodes common in Florida agriculture and turfgrass systems. The root-knot nematode (RKN) species tested included Meloidogyne arenaria, M. enterolobii, M. floridensis, M. graminis, M. hapla, M. incognita, and M. javanica. The host status of sting nematode, Belonolaimus longicaudatus, was also evaluated, but only on the nutsedge species. All RKN species evaluated reproduced on both nutsedge species and had a reproductive factor greater than one, except for M. graminis on yellow nutsedge. However, only M. hapla, M. javanica, and M. graminis induced visual galls on yellow nutsedge and only M. graminis caused galling on purple nutsedge. Meloidogyne arenaria and M. graminis reproduced at a greater rate on purple nutsedge than on yellow nutsedge. Both nutsedge species were good hosts to B. longicaudatus. Coffee senna was a host to M. enterolobii, a poor host to M. incognita, and nonhost to the other RKN species evaluated.
Highlights
Yellow (Cyperus esculentus) and purple (C. rotundus) nutsedges, and coffee senna (Senna occidentalis) are common weeds in the southern USA and each have been reported as alternative hosts for plant-parasitic nematodes
We evaluated the host status of yellow and purple nutsedge and coffee senna to Meloidogyne arenaria, M. enterolobii, M. floridensis, M. hapla, M. incognita, and M. javanica
The reproductive factor (Rf) of M. arenaria was higher (P ≤ 0.05) on purple nutsedge than on yellow nutsedge, whereas it was reversed for M. enterolobii
Summary
Yellow (Cyperus esculentus) and purple (C. rotundus) nutsedges, and coffee senna (Senna occidentalis) are common weeds in the southern USA and each have been reported as alternative hosts for plant-parasitic nematodes. The root-knot nematode (RKN) species tested included Meloidogyne arenaria, M. enterolobii, M. floridensis, M. graminis, M. hapla, M. incognita, and M. javanica. Meloidogyne arenaria and M. graminis reproduced at a greater rate on purple nutsedge than on yellow nutsedge. Both nutsedge species were good hosts to B. longicaudatus. Belonolaimus longicaudatus, Coffee senna, Cyperus, Host-status, Meloidogyne, Purple nutsedge, Root-knot nematode, Senna occidentalis, Sting nematode, Weed, Yellow nutsedge. Yellow and purple nutsedges are both hosts to Meloidogyne incognita (Schroeder et al, 1993) and can harbor life stages of the nematode within their tubers. Nutsedge tuber counts were highly cor related with soil infestation densities of M. incognita (Thomas et al, 1995; Ou et al, 2008)
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