Abstract
Phase reconstructions from a two-dimensional shearing inter- ferometer, based on two orthogonal phase gratings in a single plane, and a Hartmann sensor are compared. Design alternatives for both wavefront sensors are given, and simulated performance of both the two-dimen- sional x-ray shearing interferometer and Hartmann wavefront sensor are presented for two different phase profiles. The first comparison is an evaluation of metrology on deuterium-tritium (DT) ice layers in an iner- tial confinement fusion capsule, and the second comparison is a high fre- quency asterisk phase profile, which tests the ability of these wavefront sensors to detect spikes of ablator material seen in DT fuel capsule implo- sions. Both of these sensors can measure the two-dimensional wavefront gradient of an x-ray beam, as well as the x-ray absorption. These instru- ments measure the two-dimensional wavefront gradient in a single mea- surement, and the wavefront sensor is located in a single plane, making them much less sensitive to vibrations than most other wavefront sensing techniques. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attri- bution of the original publication, including its DOI. (DOI: 10.1117/1.OE.52.2.026501)
Highlights
This article discusses methods for phase sensitive x-ray characterization in inertial confinement fusion
This section compares the phase reconstruction of a shearing interferometer and Hartmann sensor for an imploding DT fusion capsule. This is modeled with an “asterisk” phase profile to test the ability of these wavefront sensors to detect spikes of ablator material seen in DT fuel capsule implosions.[26,27]
The peak height agreed within ∼4% and the full-width-at-half-maximum agreed to within ∼11%
Summary
This article discusses methods for phase sensitive x-ray characterization in inertial confinement fusion. In inertial confinement fusion the deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel is compressed to very high densities for a relatively short time This compression is driven directly or indirectly by absorption of radiation, optical, x-ray, or ion, in a fuel capsule. Two-dimensional shearing interferometers,[14,15] based on two orthogonal phase gratings in the same plane, have been proposed to measure the wavefront of an x-ray beam. Phase reconstructions from a twodimensional shearing interferometer, based on two orthogonal phase gratings in a single plane, and a Hartmann sensor are compared Both of these sensors can measure the twodimensional wavefront gradient of an x-ray beam, as well as the x-ray absorption. This has the advantage of greatly increasing the amount of x-rays impinging on the sample but the disadvantage of convolving the measurement with the nearest neighbors, which will affect the high spatial frequency information
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