Abstract
The paper examines the interaction of a carbon fiber surface, surface-treated by galvanostatic electrochemical oxidation in nitric acid solution, with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). The surface chemistry of the fiber before and after interaction was examined by core and valence band X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Various surface treatment conditions were applied, with the previously reported hydrogen-bridge oxide structure (HBS) being the predominant species under most conditions, with much smaller amounts of surface hydroxide, carbonyl, and carboxyl groups. The amount of surface roughening increased with the level of surface oxidation. The surface of the fibers became seriously damaged when the oxidation was conducted for prolonged periods of galvanostatic treatment (more than 60 s at 0.5 A). Interfacial chemical interaction was observed between the oxidized carbon fiber surface and the PVA, by examination of a film of PVA on the fiber surf...
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