Abstract
Abstract We introduce nano-X-ray absorption fine structure and scanning transmission electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, which are identical location measurement methods that can provide complementary information on the various constituents of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. In these methods, the membrane electrode assembly samples were measured ex situ in conditions as close as possible to those in fuel cells under humid N2. The sample preparation and measurement optimization are important. Herein, we mainly reported on these identical location measurement methods, that is, the nano-X-ray absorption fine structure and scanning transmission electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and then discuss the results that could be obtained.
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