Abstract
The XPS valence band spectra of La, Ce and Gd metal and of their aluminium alloys show the 5d band in La metal at 0.8 eV below the Fermi energy with a width of about 1.5 eV; in Ce and 4f band and 5d band are at 0.5 eV and 1.7 eV below the Fermi energy with widths of 0.7 eV and 1.5 eV respectively. The Gd 5d band is very similar to the La 5d band, while the 4f level is well localized at 8.0 eV below the Fermi energy.
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