Abstract
A Ni-modified ceria–zirconia support with Ni impregnation at different Ni-loading catalysts for a CO2 methanation reaction was systematically studied. The corresponding structures of each catalyst were characterized by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, H2 temperature-programmed reduction, CO2 temperature-programmed desorption, Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis. The results showed that Ni-modified Ce–Zr oxide improved the basic properties as well as the oxygen vacancies. A gradual increase in Ni loading from 15 to 45 wt % was found to increase medium-strong basic sites, and surface Ce3+and Ni0 species along with oxygen vacancies favor high activity. The CO2 methanation activity was related to the amount of Ni loadings where the 45Ni/Ni005CZO catalyst was reported to be the most active catalyst. This is due to the high amount of Ni surface suitable for H2 activation and high medium basic sites to accommodate CO2 activation, leading to high catalytic activity.
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