X-ray evaluation of the design features of stump pin tabs

Abstract

Carrying out an objective assessment of the quality of performance of the technique of prosthetics with stump pin tabs of the upper and lower molars. A retrospective assessment of the quality of dental preparation and modeling of root pin inlays was carried out by analyzing CBCT studies using the RadiAnt program. Measurements were carried out and 80 CBCT studies of patients who had tabs in their molars performed in various clinics of the city of Moscow were studied. Restoration of defects in the hard tissues of teeth with cast root pin tabs has specific features related to the anatomy of the roots and the distribution of the chewing load. An analysis of the practical implementation of the prosthetics technique and the compliance of the quality of the tabs with the requirements of clinical recommendations showed that they are performed only in 47.5% of cases with respect to modeling the length of the pin part of the tabs (relative to the length of the tooth root), in 40.0% of studies - on the quality of root canal filling; in 36.3% - on the residual thickness of the walls of the tooth root. The requirements for the ratio of the foliar and pin parts of the tabs were not met in any of the cases. In the case of tab modeling, the requirements for maintaining a safe zone in the area of root furcation and tooth tissue thickness of at least 1.0 mm were met only in 36.25 (32.50±3.75)% of cases. Improving the quality of prosthetics using tabs lies not only in the plane of a more responsible approach to determining indications for this type of prosthetics, performing techniques and algorithms, using modern tools, but also in the field of working out the methodology for manufacturing tabs in multi-root teeth taking into account the anatomy of the roots of chewing teeth, the distribution of chewing pressure and the number of pin parts of tabs.