Study on the pressure on ceramic veneers during cementation

Abstract

The aim of the study is measuring the magnitude and determining the method of finger pressure exerted by doctors on ceramic veneers during their fixation. A simulation model was designed in order to measure the volume of finger pressure. Veneers were produced for 2 central incisors. Doctors alternately placed veneers on the model and applied pressure on them for 20 seconds simulating the clinical stage of cementing. The operator recorded the maximum readings of the scales and entered the result on the research protocol. In addition, it was recorded which finger the doctor exerts on the veneer during its cementing to ensure a tight fit: thumb or index finger. The values obtained during cementation of 54% doctors ranged up to 1 kg, 27% of doctors from 1 to 2 kg and only 19% more than 2 kg. 80% of doctors applied the main pressure on the veneer using their thumb, while the pressure force was 1.4 kg. For those doctors who pressed the veneer to the tooth with their index finger, the impact value was 0.8 kg. The finger pressure on the veneer during cementation applied by dentists varies, the average pressure on the veneers was about 1.5 kg. The amount of pressure on cement during laboratory tests of cements for fixing veneers differs from clinical values many times. The development of a veneers fixation protocol, taking into account the conducted research, will ensure a reliable and accurate fit of the veneer at the stage of its cementing.