Abstract
An x-ray beam incident on a liquid surface at glancing angles may be specularly reflected (XR), diffracted (GID), or yield fluorescent radiation (GIF). The three mechanisms, encompassing liquid surface x-ray spectrometry, give complementary information about the liquid surface structure. In common is the incident monochromatic beam: It has the shape of a downward sloping thin sheet with the sheet normal and the propagation direction ideally spanning a vertical plane. Methods to produce such a beam from a horizontal, polychromatic synchrotron radiation beam are discussed. For a high brilliance undulator source the simplest solution turns out to be Bragg reflection from a single tilted monochromator crystal in Laue geometry.
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