Abstract
Plant growth and development are closely related to the environment, and high-temperature stress is an important environmental factor that affects these processes. WRKY transcription factors (TFs) play important roles in plant responses to high-temperature stress. WRKY TFs can bind to the W-box cis-acting elements of target gene promoters, thereby regulating the expression of multiple types of target genes and participating in multiple signaling pathways in plants. A number of studies have shown the important biological functions and working mechanisms of WRKY TFs in plant responses to high temperature. However, there are few reviews that summarize the research progress on this topic. To fully understand the role of WRKY TFs in the response to high temperature, this paper reviews the structure and regulatory mechanism of WRKY TFs, as well as the related signaling pathways that regulate plant growth under high-temperature stress, which have been described in recent years, and this paper provides references for the further exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying plant tolerance to high temperature.
Highlights
Mohammad Aslam and M.With the ever-increasing global temperatures caused by climate change [1], high temperature has become an important factor that affects plant growth [2,3], including crop yield, fruit quality, flower opening and ornamental value [1]
The WRKY family is known to be involved in the high-temperature response, when plants are subjected to high-temperature stress, WRKY transcription factors (TFs) regulate gene expression through multiple pathways and at various levels, thereby regulating plant stress response signaling [19,20]
The normal growth and development of plants depend on the surrounding environmental conditions
Summary
With the ever-increasing global temperatures caused by climate change [1], high temperature has become an important factor that affects plant growth [2,3], including crop yield, fruit quality, flower opening and ornamental value [1]. Plant-specific WRKY TFs are a family of genes that play important roles in many different pathways that respond to diverse abiotic stresses (cold, drought, UV-B, high temperature, salt and alkaline environments) [11,12,13,14]. The WRKY family is known to be involved in the high-temperature response, when plants are subjected to high-temperature stress, WRKY TFs regulate gene expression through multiple pathways and at various levels, thereby regulating plant stress response signaling [19,20]. We have first summarized the structural characteristics and classification of WRKY TFs, and provided a more complete and systematic review of the role of WRKY TFs in high-temperature environments on plants, focusing on the aspects of regulatory mechanisms and signaling pathways
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