Abstract
A design of new nanocomposites of bacterial cellulose (BC) and betulin diphosphate (BDP) pre-impregnated into the surface of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) for the production of wound dressings is proposed. The sizes of crystalline BC and ZnO NPs (5–25%) corresponded to 5–6 nm and 10–18 nm, respectively (powder X-ray diffractometry (PXRD), Fourier-infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet (UV), atomic absorption (AAS) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies). The biological activity of the wound dressings “BC-ZnO NPs-BDP” was investigated in rats using a burn wound model. Morpho-histological studies have shown that more intensive healing was observed during treatment with hydrophilic nanocomposites than the oleophilic standard (ZnO NPs-BDP oleogel; p < 0.001). Treatment by both hydrophilic and lipophilic agents led to increases in antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase) in erythrocytes and decreases in the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration by 7, 10 and 21 days (p < 0.001). The microcirculation index was restored on the 3rd day after burn under treatment with BC-ZnO NPs-BDP wound dressings. The results of effective wound healing with BC-ZnO NPs-BDP nanocomposites can be explained by the synergistic effect of all nanocomposite components, which regulate oxygenation and microcirculation, reducing hypoxia and oxidative stress in a burn wound.
Highlights
Biodegradable materials, biocompatible to body tissues, based on bacterial cellulose (BC) for the treatment of skin diseases, burns and wounds of various etiologies, have attracted great interest [1]
A nanosized BC hydrogel film has shown itself as a promising matrix for the sorption of anti-burn betulin diphosphate (BDP) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) modified with BDP
Zinc oxide nanoparticles protected by BDP do not aggregate in both the individual state and in the nanocomposite
Summary
Biodegradable materials, biocompatible to body tissues, based on bacterial cellulose (BC) for the treatment of skin diseases, burns and wounds of various etiologies, have attracted great interest [1]. The need for these materials is due to their bactericidal effect, their ability to absorb large amounts of exudate and remove unwanted products from the wound, and their possibility of immobilizing active pharmaceutical ingredients (antibiotics, steroid hormones, etc.) into the bacterial cellulose matrix. The components for the formation of BC nanomaterials can improve its properties and act as a vector for delivering drugs with low bioavailability It is a convenient method for obtaining new wound dressings and drugs
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